Analysis of the disease burden and change trend of gastric cancer in China and worldwide from 1990 to 2021_CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Authors：

HONG Yun ¹ , JING Xinzhe ² , ZHOU Yiqian ³ ,  YE Ding ² ,  MAO Yingying ²

1. The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, P. R. China;
2. School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, P. R. China;
3. The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

YE Ding, Email: yeding@zcmu.edu.cn; MAO Yingying, Email: myy@zcmu.edu.cn

Keywords：

gastric cancer; disease burden; trend analysis

DOI：

10.7507/1007-9424.202409135

Video：

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Objective To analyze the disease burden and evolving trends for gastric cancer in China and worldwide from 1990 to 2021. Methods Based on the 2021 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database, we analyzed the burden of gastric cancer using indicators such as incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), years of life lost (YLLs), and years lost due to disability (YLDs). Joinpoint regression analysis was used to calculate the average annual percentage change (AAPC) of these indicators to show trends over time. Results In 2021, the standardized incidence rate of gastric cancer was 14.33 (per 100 000) worldwide and 29.05 (per 100 000) in China, with corresponding standardized mortality rates of 11.20 (per 100 000) and 21.51 (per 100 000). The standardized incidence rate of gastric cancer in China trended downward during 1990–2021 (AAPC=–1.61%, P<0.05), but was lower than the global decline (AAPC=–1.77%, P<0.05). During 1990-2021 in China, the rates of standardized DALYs (AAPC=–2.76%, P<0.05), standardized YLLs (AAPC=–2.78%, P<0.05) and standardized YLDs (AAPC= –1.25%, P<0.05) all showed a significant decrease. The global rates of standardized DALYs (AAPC=–2.42%, P<0.05), standardized YLLs (AAPC=–2.44%, P<0.05) and standardized YLDs (AAPC=–1.56%, P<0.05) all showed a significant decrease. These AAPC values above indicated a general attenuation in the gastric cancer burden across all age groups, both in China and worldwide. Conclusions Despite these signs of a decline in disease burden indicators for gastric cancer in China and worldwide, the number of cases and deaths in gastric cancer remains substantial coupled with the heavy burden on the healthcare system. Therefore, increased efforts in early detection and prevention strategies are of utmost importance to further reduce the impact of this malignant disease.

Citation： HONG Yun, JING Xinzhe, ZHOU Yiqian, YE Ding, MAO Yingying. Analysis of the disease burden and change trend of gastric cancer in China and worldwide from 1990 to 2021. CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY, 2025, 32(1): 74-82. doi: 10.7507/1007-9424.202409135 Copy

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26.	Ohata H, Oka M, Yanaoka K, et al. Gastric cancer screening of a high-risk population in Japan using serum pepsinogen and barium digital radiography. Cancer Sci, 2005, 96(10): 713-720.

1. Ilic M, Ilic I. Epidemiology of stomach cancer. World J Gastroenterol, 2022, 28(12): 1187-1203.
2. 李茁钰, 刘凯, 张维汉, 等. 全球及中国胃癌的流行病学特点及趋势: 2018–2022《全球癌症统计报告》解读. 中国普外基础与临床杂志, 2024, 31(10): 1236-1245.
3. Global Burden of Disease Collaborative Network. Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD 2021) Results. Seattle, United States: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), 2022. https://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-results/.
4. Murray CJL; GBD 2021 Collaborators. Findings from the global burden of disease study 2021. Lancet, 2024, 403(10440): 2259-2262.
5. 郑楠, 唐均, 段可心, 等. 基于GBD分析1990年至2019年中国ADHD疾病负担变化趋势及预测. 中南大学学报 (医学版), [2024-10-29]. http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/43.1427.R.20240701.1517.002.html.
6. 于石成, 肖革新. 全球疾病负担研究—大数据分析应用实例. 医学信息学杂志, 2013, 34(9): 12-16.
7. 闵淑慧, 胡依, 郭芮绮, 等. 1990–2019年中国女性乳腺癌疾病负担及变化趋势分析. 现代预防医学, 2021, 48(16): 2941-2945, 2956.
8. Cao F, Liu YC, Ni QY, et al. Temporal trends in the prevalence of autoimmune diseases from 1990 to 2019. Autoimmun Rev, 2023, 22(8): 103359. doi: 10.1016/j.autrev.2023.103359.
9. Lin Y, Zheng Y, Wang HL, et al. Global patterns and trends in gastric cancer incidence rates (1988-2012) and predictions to 2030. Gastroenterology, 2021, 161(1): 116-127.e8.
10. Yang L, Sun H, Bai Y, et al. Trends and projections of stomach cancer incidence in Hong Kong: a population-based study. Cancer Invest, 2023, 41(4): 319-329.
11. 左婷婷, 郑荣寿, 曾红梅, 等. 中国胃癌流行病学现状. 中国肿瘤临床, 2017, 44(1): 52-58.
12. Yang WJ, Zhao HP, Yu Y, et al. Updates on global epidemiology, risk and prognostic factors of gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol, 2023, 29(16): 2452-2468.
13. Poorolajal J, Moradi L, Mohammadi Y, et al. Risk factors for stomach cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Epidemiol Health, 2020, 42: e2020004. doi: 10.4178/epih.e2020004.
14. 陈心足, 胡建昆; SIGES研究组. 胃癌防控策略的探索与优化: 流行病学、病原微生物及危险因素. 中国普外基础与临床杂志, 2023, 30(1): 86-90.
15. 吴景, 张磊, 姜玉, 等. 上海市长宁区居民胃癌和结直肠癌伤残调整寿命年的统计分析. 中华肿瘤杂志, 2024, 46(2): 168-176.
16. van den Brandt PA. The impact of a healthy lifestyle on the risk of esophageal and gastric cancer subtypes. Eur J Epidemiol, 2022, 37(9): 931-945.
17. Chen Q, Cheng C, Liu Y, et al. Incidence and mortality of gastric cancer in 2018 and their trends from 2010 to 2018 in Henan Province, China: results from a provincial population-based cancer registry. Ann Transl Med, 2022, 10(18): 1012. doi: 10.21037/atm-22-4100.
18. 黄理宾, 陈海宁, 杨廷翰, 等. 胃癌的免疫治疗. 中国普外基础与临床杂志, 2019, 26(7): 779-784.
19. Qi C, Gong J, Li J, et al. Claudin18. 2-specific CAR T cells in gastrointestinal cancers: phase 1 trial interim results. Nat Med, 2022, 28(6): 1189-1198.
20. 易颜琳, 张学云, 郑松柏. 我国胃癌流行病学变迁和启示. 胃肠病学, 2021, 26(8): 489-493.
21. 赫捷, 陈万青, 李兆申, 等. 中国胃癌筛查与早诊早治指南 (2022, 北京). 中国肿瘤, 2022, 31(7): 488-527.
22. Karimi P, Islami F, Anandasabapathy S, et al. Gastric cancer: descriptive epidemiology, risk factors, screening, and prevention. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev, 2014, 23(5): 700-713.
23. Mentella MC, Scaldaferri F, Ricci C, et al. Cancer and mediterranean diet: a review. Nutrients, 2019, 11(9): 2059. doi: 10.3390/nu11092059.
24. Smyth EC, Nilsson M, Grabsch HI, et al. Gastric cancer. Lancet, 2020, 396(10251): 635-648.
25. Wong BC, Lam SK, Wong WM, et al. Helicobacter pylori eradication to prevent gastric cancer in a high-risk region of China: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA, 2004, 291(2): 187-194.
26. Ohata H, Oka M, Yanaoka K, et al. Gastric cancer screening of a high-risk population in Japan using serum pepsinogen and barium digital radiography. Cancer Sci, 2005, 96(10): 713-720.

CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Analysis of the disease burden and change trend of gastric cancer in China and worldwide from 1990 to 2021

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