• 1. School of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, P. R. China;
  • 2. Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Chengdu Medical College, Xindu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xindu, Sichuan 610500, P. R. China;
YAN Huan, Email: 17628680@qq.com; CHEN Weizhong, Email: wejone@126.com
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Objective To analyze and compare the incidence, mortality, temporal trends, and cancer spectrum differences between China and the United States (US), providing theoretical support for cancer prevention and control in China. Methods Age standardized incidence rate (ASIR), age standardized mortality rate (ASMR), and cancer site composition were extracted from GLOBOCAN, Cancer Statistics 2025, the China Cancer Registry Annual Report, and other epidemiological sources. Spatial (urban-rural, sex specific) and temporal distributions were described, and average annual growth rate (AAGR) were calculated. Results From 2005 onward, China exhibited a modest rise in ASIR, whereas the US showed a decline (AAGR: 0.58 vs –0.42); nevertheless, China’s overall incidence remained lower (2022 ASIR = 201.61/100 000) than that of the US (303.60/100 000). Both countries experienced decreasing ASMR (AAGR: –1.03 vs –1.72). In both nations, male ASIR and ASMR were higher than female. Since 2005, the top three US cancers had remained prostate (men) or breast (women), lung and colorectal cancer. In China, incidences of lung, colorectal, female breast and thyroid cancers had continued to rise, while stomach and liver cancer incidences had declined yet still rank high among men. Urban ASIR in China exceeded rural rates, whereas rural ASMR was higher than urban counterparts. Conclusions Accelerating population ageing and lifestyle transitions have driven an upward incidence trend in China, accompanied by a shift towards a mixed pattern of traditional and emerging cancer risks. Drawing on US experience, China should intensify tobacco control measures, expand organized screening and early detection programs, implement comprehensive interventions for priority cancers, strengthen primary level capacity and improve treatment access in rural areas, thereby establishing a more effective national cancer prevention and control system.

Citation: LI Qi, LAI Zepeng, JIANG Juxi, DENG Kaiwen, ZENG Ziqian, YAN Huan, CHEN Weizhong. Comparison of current incidence, mortality and trends of cancers in China and the United States. CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY, 2025, 32(6): 702-713. doi: 10.7507/1007-9424.202504082 Copy

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