表观遗传学与新型冠状病毒肺炎_Chinese Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

Authors：

张华 ¹ , ZHANG Xiaoling ² , PENG Ling ³ ,  ZHANG Xin ^3,4 ,  ZHANG Lanlan ⁵

1. ;
2. ;
3. ;
4. ;
5. ;

Corresponding author：

ZHANG Xin, Email: xinzhang201618@gmail.com; ZHANG Lanlan, Email: llzhang@scu.edu.cn

Keywords：

DOI：

10.7507/1671-6205.202201040

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Citation： ZHANG Xiaoling, PENG Ling, ZHANG Xin, ZHANG Lanlan. 表观遗传学与新型冠状病毒肺炎. Chinese Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 2022, 21(2): 148-152. doi: 10.7507/1671-6205.202201040 Copy

1.	章菲, 王义兵, 吴利东. 新型冠状病毒的相关研究进展. 病毒学报, 2021, 37(2): 422-427.
2.	Zhang L, Lu QJ, Chang C. Epigenetics in health and disease. Adv Exp Med Biol, 2020, 1253: 3-55.
3.	Sen R, Garbati M, Bryant K, et al. Epigenetic mechanisms influencing COVID-19. Genome, 2021, 64(4): 372-385.
4.	Yao XH, Luo T, Shi Y, et al. A cohort autopsy study defines COVID-19 systemic pathogenesis. Cell Res, 2021, 31(8): 836-846.
5.	王霜, 王贵佐, 唐甜, 等. 新型冠状病毒肺炎发病机制及药物治疗研究进展. 陕西医学杂志, 2021, 50(5): 638-641.
6.	Samudrala PK, Kumar P, Choudhary K, et al. Virology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and in-line treatment of COVID-19. Eur J Pharmacol, 2020, 883: 173375.
7.	Andersen KG, Rambaut A, Lipkin WI, et al. The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2. Nat Med, 2020, 26(4): 450-452.
8.	Wrapp D, Wang N, Corbett KS, et al. Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation. Science, 2020, 367(6483): 1260-1263.
9.	Bestle D, Heindl MR, Limburg H, et al. TMPRSS2 and furin are both essential for proteolytic activation of SARS-CoV-2 in human airway cells. Life Sci Alliance, 2020, 3(9): e202000786.
10.	Hoffmann M, Kleine-Weber H, Pohlmann S. A multibasic cleavage site in the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 is essential for infection of human lung cells. Mol Cell, 2020, 78(4): 779-784.e775.
11.	Kaneko S, Takasawa K, Asada K, et al. Epigenetic mechanisms underlying COVID-19 pathogenesis. Biomedicines, 2021, 9(9): 1142.
12.	Qin C, Zhou LQ, Hu ZW, et al. Dysregulation of immune response in patients with coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China. Clin Infect Dis, 2020, 71(15): 762-768.
13.	Konig MF, Powell M, Staedtke V, et al. Preventing cytokine storm syndrome in COVID-19 using α-1 adrenergic receptor antagonists. J Clin Invest, 2020, 130(7): 3345-3347.
14.	Yan L, Cai B, Li Y, et al. Dynamics of NK, CD8 and Tfh cell mediated the production of cytokines and antiviral antibodies in Chinese patients with moderate COVID-19. J Cell Mol Med, 2020, 24(24): 14270-14279.
15.	李俏琦, 杨茜, 高玲, 等. 细胞因子风暴与病毒性肺炎. 中国呼吸与危重监护杂志, 2021, 20(1): 70-75.
16.	赵思敏, 陈正光. 新型冠状病毒肺炎的研究进展. 中国中西医结合影像学杂志, 2021, 19(2): 103-107.
17.	Huang C, Wang YM, Li XW, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet, 2020, 395(10223): 497-506.
18.	Tian SF, Hu WD, Niu L, et al. Pulmonary pathology of early-phase 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia in two patients with lung cancer. J Thorac Oncol, 2020, 15(5): 700-704.
19.	Calabrese LH, Lenfant T, Calabrese C. Cytokine storm release syndrome and the prospects for immunotherapy with COVID-19, part 4: The role of JAK inhibition[J/OL]. Cleve Clin J Med. [2021-03-01]. Available at: https://www.ccjm.org/content/ccjom/early/2021/02/24/ccjm.87a.ccc060.full.pdf.
20.	Pruimboom L. Methylation pathways and SARS-CoV-2 lung infiltration and cell membrane-virus fusion are both subject to epigenetics. Front Cell Infect Microbiol, 2020, 10: 290.
21.	Mongelli A, Barbi V, Gottardi Zamperla M, et al. Evidence for biological age acceleration and telomere shortening in COVID-19 survivors. Int J Mol Sci, 2021, 22(11): 6151.
22.	Kucher AN, Babushkina NP, Sleptcov AA, et al. Genetic control of human infection with SARS-CoV-2. Russ J Genet, 2021, 57(6): 627-641.
23.	Sawalha AH, Zhao M, Coit P, et al. Epigenetic dysregulation of ACE2 and interferon-regulated genes might suggest increased COVID-19 susceptibility and severity in lupus patients. Clin Immunol, 2020, 215: 108410.
24.	Liu RR, Liu XY, Song MJ, et al. Cyprinus carpio TRIF participates in the innate immune response by inducing NF-κB and IFN activation and promoting apoptosis. Front Immunol, 2021, 12: 725150.
25.	Chai PW, Yu J, Ge SF, et al. Genetic alteration, RNA expression, and DNA methylation profiling of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) receptor ACE2 in malignancies: a pan-cancer analysis. J Hematol Oncol, 2020, 13(1): 43.
26.	Li HM, Xie LX, Chen L, et al. Genomic, epigenomic, and immune subtype analysis of CTSL/B and SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 in pan-cancer. Aging, 2020, 12(22): 22370-22389.
27.	Malato J, Sotzny F, Bauer S, et al. The SARS-CoV-2 receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome: a meta-analysis of public DNA methylation and gene expression data. Heliyon, 2021, 7(8): e07665.
28.	Malato J, Sotzny F, Bauer S, et al. The SARS-CoV-2 receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome: analysis of high-throughput epigenetic and gene expression studies[EB/OL]. medRxiv [Preprint]. [2021-08-08]. Available at: https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.03.23.21254175v2.
29.	Winkley K, Koseva B, Banerjee D, et al. High-resolution epigenome analysis in nasal samples derived from children with respiratory viral infections reveals striking changes upon SARS-CoV-2 infection[EB/OL]. medRxiv [Preprint]. [2021-03-11]. Available at: https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.03.09.21253155v1.
30.	Castro de Moura M, Davalos V, Planas-Serra L, et al. Epigenome-wide association study of COVID-19 severity with respiratory failure. EBioMedicine, 2021, 66: 103339.
31.	Shirvaliloo M. Epigenomics in COVID-19; the link between DNA methylation, histone modifications and SARS-CoV-2 infection. Epigenomics, 2021, 13(10): 745-750.
32.	Rathod R, Rathod A, Rahimabad PK, et al. Methylation of host genes associated with coronavirus infection from birth to 26 years. Genes (Basel), 2021, 12(8): 1198.
33.	Paniri A, Hosseini MM, Rasoulinejad A, et al. Molecular effects and retinopathy induced by hydroxychloroquine during SARS-CoV-2 therapy: role of CYP450 isoforms and epigenetic modulations. Eur J Pharmacol, 2020, 886: 173454.
34.	Ahmad S, Wen Y, Irudayaraj JMK. PFOA induces alteration in DNA methylation regulators and SARS-CoV-2 targets Ace2 and Tmprss2 in mouse lung tissues. Toxicol Rep, 2021, 8: 1892-1898.
35.	Natarelli L, Virgili F, Weber C. SARS-CoV-2, cardiovascular diseases, and noncoding RNAs: a connected triad. Int J Mol Sci, 2021, 22(22): 12243.
36.	Talotta R, Bahrami S, Laska MJ. Sequence complementarity between human noncoding RNAs and SARS-CoV-2 genes: what are the implications for human health?. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis, 2022, 1868(2): 166291.
37.	Khan MA, Sany MRU, Islam MS, et al. Epigenetic regulator miRNA pattern differences among SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, and SARS-CoV-2 world-wide isolates delineated the mystery behind the epic pathogenicity and distinct clinical characteristics of pandemic COVID-19. Front Genet, 2020, 11: 765.
38.	Çetin Z, Bayrak T, Oğul H, et al. Predicted SARS-CoV-2 miRNAs associated with epigenetic viral pathogenesis and the detection of new possible drugs for Covid-19. Curr Drug Deliv, 2021, 18(10): 1595-1610.
39.	Widiasta A, Sribudiani Y, Nugrahapraja H, et al. Potential role of ACE2-related microRNAs in COVID-19-associated nephropathy. Noncoding RNA Res, 2020, 5(4): 153-166.
40.	Arora S, Singh P, Dohare R, et al. Unravelling host-pathogen interactions: ceRNA network in SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19). Gene, 2020, 762: 145057.
41.	Pawlica P, Yario TA, White S, et al. SARS-CoV-2 expresses a microRNA-like small RNA able to selectively repress host genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2021, 118(52): e2116668118.
42.	Dash S, Dash C, Pandhare J. Therapeutic significance of microRNA-mediated regulation of PARP-1 in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Noncoding RNA, 2021, 7(4): 60.
43.	Alam T, Lipovich L. miRCOVID-19: potential targets of human miRNAs in SARS-CoV-2 for RNA-based drug discovery. Non-coding RNA, 2021, 7(1): 18.
44.	Tang H, Gao YH, Li ZH, et al. The noncoding and coding transcriptional landscape of the peripheral immune response in patients with COVID-19. Clin Transl Med, 2020, 10(6): e200.
45.	Turjya RR, Khan MA, Mir Md Khademul Islam AB. Perversely expressed long noncoding RNAs can alter host response and viral proliferation in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Future Virol, 2020, 15(9): 577-593.
46.	Wu YP, Zhao TJ, Deng RQ, et al. A study of differential circRNA and lncRNA expressions in COVID-19-infected peripheral blood. Sci Rep, 2021, 11(1): 7991.
47.	Paniri A, Akhavan-Niaki H. Emerging role of IL-6 and NLRP3 inflammasome as potential therapeutic targets to combat COVID-19: Role of lncRNAs in cytokine storm modulation. Life Sci, 2020, 257: 118114.
48.	Laha S, Saha C, Dutta S, et al. In silico analysis of altered expression of long non-coding RNA in SARS-CoV-2 infected cells and their possible regulation by STAT1, STAT3 and interferon regulatory factors. Heliyon, 2021, 7(3): e06395.
49.	Mukherjee S, Banerjee B, Karasik D, et al. mRNA-lncRNA co-expression network analysis reveals the role of lncRNAs in immune dysfunction during severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Viruses, 2021, 13(3): 402.
50.	Vishnubalaji R, Shaath H, Alajez NM. Protein coding and long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) transcriptional landscape in SARS-CoV-2 infected bronchial epithelial cells highlight a role for interferon and inflammatory response. Genes (Basel), 2020, 11(7): 760.
51.	Rodrigues AC, Adamoski D, Genelhould G, et al. NEAT1 and MALAT1 are highly expressed in saliva and nasopharyngeal swab samples of COVID-19 patients. Mol Oral Microbiol, 2021, 36(6): 291-294.
52.	Moazzam-Jazi M, Lanjanian H, Maleknia S, et al. Interplay between SARS-CoV-2 and human long non-coding RNAs. J Cell Mol Med, 2021, 25(12): 5823-5827.
53.	Sabetian S, Castiglioni I, Jahromi BN, et al. In silico identification of miRNA-lncRNA interactions in male reproductive disorder associated with COVID-19 infection. Cells, 2021, 10(6): 1480.
54.	Taheri M, Rad LM, Hussen BM, et al. Evaluation of expression of VDR-associated lncRNAs in COVID-19 patients. BMC Infect Dis, 2021, 21(1): 588.
55.	Zhang YJ, Sun ZX, Jia JQ, et al. Overview of histone modification. Adv Exp Med Biol, 2021, 1283: 1-16.
56.	Pinto BGG, Oliveira AER, Singh Y, et al. ACE2 expression is increased in the lungs of patients with comorbidities associated with severe COVID-19[EB/OL]. medRxiv [Preprint]. [2020-03-27]. Available at: https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.03.21.20040261v1.
57.	Li YY, Li HG, Zhou LQ. EZH2-mediated H3K27me3 inhibits ACE2 expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2020, 526(4): 947-952.
58.	Costela-Ruiz VJ, Illescas-Montes R, Puerta-Puerta JM, et al. SARS-CoV-2 infection: the role of cytokines in COVID-19 disease. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev, 2020, 54: 62-75.
59.	Wilk AJ, Rustagi A, Zhao NQ, et al. A single-cell atlas of the peripheral immune response in patients with severe COVID-19. Nat Med, 2020, 26(7): 1070-1076.
60.	Zuo Y, Yalavarthi S, Shi H, et al. Neutrophil extracellular traps in COVID-19. JCI Insight, 2020, 5(11): e138999.
61.	Liu K, Zou RF, Cui WQ, et al. Clinical HDAC inhibitors are effective drugs to prevent the entry of SARS-CoV2. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci, 2020, 3(6): 1361-1370.
62.	Teodori L, Sestili P, Madiai V, et al. MicroRNAs bioinformatics analyses identifying HDAC pathway as a putative target for existing anti-COVID-19 therapeutics. Front Pharmacol, 2020, 11: 582003.
63.	Pitt B, Sutton NR, Wang Z, et al. Potential repurposing of the HDAC inhibitor valproic acid for patients with COVID-19. Eur J Pharmacol, 2021, 898: 173988.
64.	Kim JM, Chung YS, Jo HJ, et al. Identification of coronavirus isolated from a patient in Korea with COVID-19. Osong Public Health Res Perspect, 2020, 11(1): 3-7.

1. 章菲, 王义兵, 吴利东. 新型冠状病毒的相关研究进展. 病毒学报, 2021, 37(2): 422-427.
2. Zhang L, Lu QJ, Chang C. Epigenetics in health and disease. Adv Exp Med Biol, 2020, 1253: 3-55.
3. Sen R, Garbati M, Bryant K, et al. Epigenetic mechanisms influencing COVID-19. Genome, 2021, 64(4): 372-385.
4. Yao XH, Luo T, Shi Y, et al. A cohort autopsy study defines COVID-19 systemic pathogenesis. Cell Res, 2021, 31(8): 836-846.
5. 王霜, 王贵佐, 唐甜, 等. 新型冠状病毒肺炎发病机制及药物治疗研究进展. 陕西医学杂志, 2021, 50(5): 638-641.
6. Samudrala PK, Kumar P, Choudhary K, et al. Virology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and in-line treatment of COVID-19. Eur J Pharmacol, 2020, 883: 173375.
7. Andersen KG, Rambaut A, Lipkin WI, et al. The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2. Nat Med, 2020, 26(4): 450-452.
8. Wrapp D, Wang N, Corbett KS, et al. Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation. Science, 2020, 367(6483): 1260-1263.
9. Bestle D, Heindl MR, Limburg H, et al. TMPRSS2 and furin are both essential for proteolytic activation of SARS-CoV-2 in human airway cells. Life Sci Alliance, 2020, 3(9): e202000786.
10. Hoffmann M, Kleine-Weber H, Pohlmann S. A multibasic cleavage site in the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 is essential for infection of human lung cells. Mol Cell, 2020, 78(4): 779-784.e775.
11. Kaneko S, Takasawa K, Asada K, et al. Epigenetic mechanisms underlying COVID-19 pathogenesis. Biomedicines, 2021, 9(9): 1142.
12. Qin C, Zhou LQ, Hu ZW, et al. Dysregulation of immune response in patients with coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China. Clin Infect Dis, 2020, 71(15): 762-768.
13. Konig MF, Powell M, Staedtke V, et al. Preventing cytokine storm syndrome in COVID-19 using α-1 adrenergic receptor antagonists. J Clin Invest, 2020, 130(7): 3345-3347.
14. Yan L, Cai B, Li Y, et al. Dynamics of NK, CD8 and Tfh cell mediated the production of cytokines and antiviral antibodies in Chinese patients with moderate COVID-19. J Cell Mol Med, 2020, 24(24): 14270-14279.
15. 李俏琦, 杨茜, 高玲, 等. 细胞因子风暴与病毒性肺炎. 中国呼吸与危重监护杂志, 2021, 20(1): 70-75.
16. 赵思敏, 陈正光. 新型冠状病毒肺炎的研究进展. 中国中西医结合影像学杂志, 2021, 19(2): 103-107.
17. Huang C, Wang YM, Li XW, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet, 2020, 395(10223): 497-506.
18. Tian SF, Hu WD, Niu L, et al. Pulmonary pathology of early-phase 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia in two patients with lung cancer. J Thorac Oncol, 2020, 15(5): 700-704.
19. Calabrese LH, Lenfant T, Calabrese C. Cytokine storm release syndrome and the prospects for immunotherapy with COVID-19, part 4: The role of JAK inhibition[J/OL]. Cleve Clin J Med. [2021-03-01]. Available at: https://www.ccjm.org/content/ccjom/early/2021/02/24/ccjm.87a.ccc060.full.pdf" target="_blank">10.3949/ccjm.87a.ccc060">https://www.ccjm.org/content/ccjom/early/2021/02/24/ccjm.87a.ccc060.full.pdf.
20. Pruimboom L. Methylation pathways and SARS-CoV-2 lung infiltration and cell membrane-virus fusion are both subject to epigenetics. Front Cell Infect Microbiol, 2020, 10: 290.
21. Mongelli A, Barbi V, Gottardi Zamperla M, et al. Evidence for biological age acceleration and telomere shortening in COVID-19 survivors. Int J Mol Sci, 2021, 22(11): 6151.
22. Kucher AN, Babushkina NP, Sleptcov AA, et al. Genetic control of human infection with SARS-CoV-2. Russ J Genet, 2021, 57(6): 627-641.
23. Sawalha AH, Zhao M, Coit P, et al. Epigenetic dysregulation of ACE2 and interferon-regulated genes might suggest increased COVID-19 susceptibility and severity in lupus patients. Clin Immunol, 2020, 215: 108410.
24. Liu RR, Liu XY, Song MJ, et al. Cyprinus carpio TRIF participates in the innate immune response by inducing NF-κB and IFN activation and promoting apoptosis. Front Immunol, 2021, 12: 725150.
25. Chai PW, Yu J, Ge SF, et al. Genetic alteration, RNA expression, and DNA methylation profiling of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) receptor ACE2 in malignancies: a pan-cancer analysis. J Hematol Oncol, 2020, 13(1): 43.
26. Li HM, Xie LX, Chen L, et al. Genomic, epigenomic, and immune subtype analysis of CTSL/B and SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 in pan-cancer. Aging, 2020, 12(22): 22370-22389.
27. Malato J, Sotzny F, Bauer S, et al. The SARS-CoV-2 receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome: a meta-analysis of public DNA methylation and gene expression data. Heliyon, 2021, 7(8): e07665.
28. Malato J, Sotzny F, Bauer S, et al. The SARS-CoV-2 receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome: analysis of high-throughput epigenetic and gene expression studies[EB/OL]. medRxiv [Preprint]. [2021-08-08]. Available at: https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.03.23.21254175v2.
29. Winkley K, Koseva B, Banerjee D, et al. High-resolution epigenome analysis in nasal samples derived from children with respiratory viral infections reveals striking changes upon SARS-CoV-2 infection[EB/OL]. medRxiv [Preprint]. [2021-03-11]. Available at: https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.03.09.21253155v1.
30. Castro de Moura M, Davalos V, Planas-Serra L, et al. Epigenome-wide association study of COVID-19 severity with respiratory failure. EBioMedicine, 2021, 66: 103339.
31. Shirvaliloo M. Epigenomics in COVID-19; the link between DNA methylation, histone modifications and SARS-CoV-2 infection. Epigenomics, 2021, 13(10): 745-750.
32. Rathod R, Rathod A, Rahimabad PK, et al. Methylation of host genes associated with coronavirus infection from birth to 26 years. Genes (Basel), 2021, 12(8): 1198.
33. Paniri A, Hosseini MM, Rasoulinejad A, et al. Molecular effects and retinopathy induced by hydroxychloroquine during SARS-CoV-2 therapy: role of CYP450 isoforms and epigenetic modulations. Eur J Pharmacol, 2020, 886: 173454.
34. Ahmad S, Wen Y, Irudayaraj JMK. PFOA induces alteration in DNA methylation regulators and SARS-CoV-2 targets Ace2 and Tmprss2 in mouse lung tissues. Toxicol Rep, 2021, 8: 1892-1898.
35. Natarelli L, Virgili F, Weber C. SARS-CoV-2, cardiovascular diseases, and noncoding RNAs: a connected triad. Int J Mol Sci, 2021, 22(22): 12243.
36. Talotta R, Bahrami S, Laska MJ. Sequence complementarity between human noncoding RNAs and SARS-CoV-2 genes: what are the implications for human health?. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis, 2022, 1868(2): 166291.
37. Khan MA, Sany MRU, Islam MS, et al. Epigenetic regulator miRNA pattern differences among SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, and SARS-CoV-2 world-wide isolates delineated the mystery behind the epic pathogenicity and distinct clinical characteristics of pandemic COVID-19. Front Genet, 2020, 11: 765.
38. Çetin Z, Bayrak T, Oğul H, et al. Predicted SARS-CoV-2 miRNAs associated with epigenetic viral pathogenesis and the detection of new possible drugs for Covid-19. Curr Drug Deliv, 2021, 18(10): 1595-1610.
39. Widiasta A, Sribudiani Y, Nugrahapraja H, et al. Potential role of ACE2-related microRNAs in COVID-19-associated nephropathy. Noncoding RNA Res, 2020, 5(4): 153-166.
40. Arora S, Singh P, Dohare R, et al. Unravelling host-pathogen interactions: ceRNA network in SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19). Gene, 2020, 762: 145057.
41. Pawlica P, Yario TA, White S, et al. SARS-CoV-2 expresses a microRNA-like small RNA able to selectively repress host genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2021, 118(52): e2116668118.
42. Dash S, Dash C, Pandhare J. Therapeutic significance of microRNA-mediated regulation of PARP-1 in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Noncoding RNA, 2021, 7(4): 60.
43. Alam T, Lipovich L. miRCOVID-19: potential targets of human miRNAs in SARS-CoV-2 for RNA-based drug discovery. Non-coding RNA, 2021, 7(1): 18.
44. Tang H, Gao YH, Li ZH, et al. The noncoding and coding transcriptional landscape of the peripheral immune response in patients with COVID-19. Clin Transl Med, 2020, 10(6): e200.
45. Turjya RR, Khan MA, Mir Md Khademul Islam AB. Perversely expressed long noncoding RNAs can alter host response and viral proliferation in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Future Virol, 2020, 15(9): 577-593.
46. Wu YP, Zhao TJ, Deng RQ, et al. A study of differential circRNA and lncRNA expressions in COVID-19-infected peripheral blood. Sci Rep, 2021, 11(1): 7991.
47. Paniri A, Akhavan-Niaki H. Emerging role of IL-6 and NLRP3 inflammasome as potential therapeutic targets to combat COVID-19: Role of lncRNAs in cytokine storm modulation. Life Sci, 2020, 257: 118114.
48. Laha S, Saha C, Dutta S, et al. In silico analysis of altered expression of long non-coding RNA in SARS-CoV-2 infected cells and their possible regulation by STAT1, STAT3 and interferon regulatory factors. Heliyon, 2021, 7(3): e06395.
49. Mukherjee S, Banerjee B, Karasik D, et al. mRNA-lncRNA co-expression network analysis reveals the role of lncRNAs in immune dysfunction during severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Viruses, 2021, 13(3): 402.
50. Vishnubalaji R, Shaath H, Alajez NM. Protein coding and long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) transcriptional landscape in SARS-CoV-2 infected bronchial epithelial cells highlight a role for interferon and inflammatory response. Genes (Basel), 2020, 11(7): 760.
51. Rodrigues AC, Adamoski D, Genelhould G, et al. NEAT1 and MALAT1 are highly expressed in saliva and nasopharyngeal swab samples of COVID-19 patients. Mol Oral Microbiol, 2021, 36(6): 291-294.
52. Moazzam-Jazi M, Lanjanian H, Maleknia S, et al. Interplay between SARS-CoV-2 and human long non-coding RNAs. J Cell Mol Med, 2021, 25(12): 5823-5827.
53. Sabetian S, Castiglioni I, Jahromi BN, et al. In silico identification of miRNA-lncRNA interactions in male reproductive disorder associated with COVID-19 infection. Cells, 2021, 10(6): 1480.
54. Taheri M, Rad LM, Hussen BM, et al. Evaluation of expression of VDR-associated lncRNAs in COVID-19 patients. BMC Infect Dis, 2021, 21(1): 588.
55. Zhang YJ, Sun ZX, Jia JQ, et al. Overview of histone modification. Adv Exp Med Biol, 2021, 1283: 1-16.
56. Pinto BGG, Oliveira AER, Singh Y, et al. ACE2 expression is increased in the lungs of patients with comorbidities associated with severe COVID-19[EB/OL]. medRxiv [Preprint]. [2020-03-27]. Available at: https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.03.21.20040261v1.
57. Li YY, Li HG, Zhou LQ. EZH2-mediated H3K27me3 inhibits ACE2 expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2020, 526(4): 947-952.
58. Costela-Ruiz VJ, Illescas-Montes R, Puerta-Puerta JM, et al. SARS-CoV-2 infection: the role of cytokines in COVID-19 disease. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev, 2020, 54: 62-75.
59. Wilk AJ, Rustagi A, Zhao NQ, et al. A single-cell atlas of the peripheral immune response in patients with severe COVID-19. Nat Med, 2020, 26(7): 1070-1076.
60. Zuo Y, Yalavarthi S, Shi H, et al. Neutrophil extracellular traps in COVID-19. JCI Insight, 2020, 5(11): e138999.
61. Liu K, Zou RF, Cui WQ, et al. Clinical HDAC inhibitors are effective drugs to prevent the entry of SARS-CoV2. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci, 2020, 3(6): 1361-1370.
62. Teodori L, Sestili P, Madiai V, et al. MicroRNAs bioinformatics analyses identifying HDAC pathway as a putative target for existing anti-COVID-19 therapeutics. Front Pharmacol, 2020, 11: 582003.
63. Pitt B, Sutton NR, Wang Z, et al. Potential repurposing of the HDAC inhibitor valproic acid for patients with COVID-19. Eur J Pharmacol, 2021, 898: 173988.
64. Kim JM, Chung YS, Jo HJ, et al. Identification of coronavirus isolated from a patient in Korea with COVID-19. Osong Public Health Res Perspect, 2020, 11(1): 3-7.

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The value of biphasic CT in the diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease WUZhangli, WU Zhenchao, WANG Wenting, WU Nan, YANG Ping, LIANG Cuixia, CHEN Deyan, XU Jiaxuan, ZHENG Jingping, WANG Xiaohua, HE Bei, SHEN Ning

Chinese Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

表观遗传学与新型冠状病毒肺炎

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