Interpretation of development and content of the World Federation of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Societies standard: norms for formulation and evaluation of the clinical practice guidelines of acupuncture and moxibustion_Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine

Authors：

WU Xiaodong ¹ , ZHAO Nanqi ¹ , DING Nan ¹ , YUAN Jingyun ² , ZHAO Jingsheng ¹ , LIU Yali ³ , YANG Yuyang ⁴ ,  LIU Baoyan ⁵

1. Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, P. R. China;
2. Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P. R. China;
3. Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100045, P. R. China;
4. World Federation of Acupuncture-Moxibustion Societies, Beijing 100061, P. R. China;
5. China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

LIU Baoyan, Email: liuby@mail.cintcm.ac.cn

Keywords：

Clinical practice guideline; Acupuncture and moxibustion; Methodology; Clinicians’ exeprience; Treatment protocols

DOI：

10.7507/1672-2531.202407172

Video：

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World Federation of Acupuncture-Moxibustion Societies (WFAS) standard Norms for Formulation and Evaluation of the Clinical Practice Guidelines of Acupuncture and Moxibustion (Hereinafter referred to as Norms) is the first methodological specification for the development of guidelines of acupuncture and moxibustion (Acup-Mox) issued by an international academic organization. The Norms stipulates the principles, procedures, review process and requirements of the development of WFAS guidelines of Acup-Mox. It also proposes the development method, evaluation method, and reporting standards of WFAS guidelines of Acup-Mox. This article introduces the development process of the Norms and provides an interpretation of the methodological supplementary requirements for key links such as "formulation of clinical questions", "evidence retrieval, evaluation and synthesis", and "consensus decision-making", as well as the "framework and contents of recommendation" to provide relevant references for users in learning and using the Guidelines.

Citation： WU Xiaodong, ZHAO Nanqi, DING Nan, YUAN Jingyun, ZHAO Jingsheng, LIU Yali, YANG Yuyang, LIU Baoyan. Interpretation of development and content of the World Federation of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Societies standard: norms for formulation and evaluation of the clinical practice guidelines of acupuncture and moxibustion. Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine, 2025, 25(4): 460-466. doi: 10.7507/1672-2531.202407172 Copy

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3.	袁静云, 丁楠, 刘清国, 等. 针灸临床实践指南的发展. 科技导报, 2023, 41(14): 56-63.
4.	世界针灸学会联合会第十届执行委员会. 世界针灸学会联合会简介. 世界针灸学会联合会, 2024.
5.	杨宇洋, 乔慧珺. 世界针灸学会联合会: 助力中医针灸成为世界针灸. 世界针灸杂志(英文版), 2023, 33(4): 379-380.
6.	赵楠琦, 杨宇洋, 丁楠, 等. 《针灸临床实践指南》国际需求的调查: 一项横断面研究(英文). 世界针灸杂志(英文版), 2022, 32(2): 115-122.
7.	岗卫娟, 费宇彤, 刘建平, 等. 提升针灸研究质量: 现状、问题、思考和展望. 中国针灸, 2023, 43(1): 3-7.
8.	WHO Guideline Review Committee. WHO handbook for guideline development. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2014.
9.	岗卫娟, 孟醒, 景向红. 临床试验中针刺方案充分性评价: 现状与建议. 中国针灸, 2019, 39(3): 229-233.
10.	全国针灸标准化技术委员会. 针灸临床实践指南制定及其评估规范: GB/T 40972-2021. 2021.
11.	Qaseem A, Forland F, Macbeth F, et al. Guidelines International Network: toward international standards for clinical practice guidelines. Ann Intern Med, 2012, 156(7): 525-531.
12.	World Stroke Organization Stroke Guideline Sub-Committee. Clinical practice guideline development handbook for stroke care. 2009.
13.	International Diabetes Federation Clinical Practice Guideline Task Force. Guide for guidelines a guide for clinical guideline development. 2003.
14.	武晓冬, 袁静云, 赵楠琦, 等. 国内外针灸临床实践指南的现状调查与内容分析. 中国针灸, 2021, 41(8): 923-927, 932.
15.	Zhao NQ, Liu YL, Ding N, et al. Differences in contents and formation methods of clinical questions in chinese and Korean clinical practice guidelines of acupuncture-moxibustion: scoping review. Chin J Integr Med, 2023, 29(12): 1133-1141.
16.	赵楠琦, 袁静云, 郭丽花, 等. 国内针灸临床实践指南制定中存在问题的思考. 中国针灸, 2021, 41(4): 445-448.
17.	丁楠, 武晓冬, 赵楠琦, 等. 中医古籍文献分级和推荐体系的发展现状. 中华中医药杂志, 2021, 36(10): 6014-6017.
18.	赵楠琦, 武晓冬, 牟东晓, 等. 医家经验在针灸临床实践指南制定过程中的作用价值探讨. 中国针灸学会年会论文集, 2024.
19.	丁楠, 武晓冬, 赵楠琦, 等. 对国内针灸临床实践指南制定中共识达成的分析与思考. 中国针灸, 2022, 42(3): 337-342.
20.	丁楠, 袁静云, 赵楠琦, 等. 针灸临床实践指南推荐意见框架的研究. 中华中医药杂志, 2022, 37(11): 6352-6357.
21.	Wu XD, Zhao NQ, Ding N, et al. Discussion on collection of clinical questions in international clinical practice guidelines of acupuncture-moxibustion. Chin J Integr Med, 2023, 29(4): 353-360.
22.	丁楠, 武晓冬, 赵楠琦, 等. 共识法在针灸临床实践指南制定中的实施建议. 中国针灸, 2025, 45(2): 237-241.
23.	Lietz M, Angelescu K, Markes M, et al. GRADE: Evidence to Decision (EtD) framework for coverage decisions. Z Evid Fortbild Qual Gesundhwes, 2020, 150-152: 134-141.

1. 世界针灸学会联合会. WFAS 007.1-2023 针灸临床实践指南制定及其评估规范. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2023.
2. 刘保延. “世界针灸学会联合会针灸国际标准”专刊序言从历史看未来: 针灸标准发展脉络与展望. 世界针灸杂志, 2024, 34(3): 176-178.
3. 袁静云, 丁楠, 刘清国, 等. 针灸临床实践指南的发展. 科技导报, 2023, 41(14): 56-63.
4. 世界针灸学会联合会第十届执行委员会. 世界针灸学会联合会简介. 世界针灸学会联合会, 2024.
5. 杨宇洋, 乔慧珺. 世界针灸学会联合会: 助力中医针灸成为世界针灸. 世界针灸杂志(英文版), 2023, 33(4): 379-380.
6. 赵楠琦, 杨宇洋, 丁楠, 等. 《针灸临床实践指南》国际需求的调查: 一项横断面研究(英文). 世界针灸杂志(英文版), 2022, 32(2): 115-122.
7. 岗卫娟, 费宇彤, 刘建平, 等. 提升针灸研究质量: 现状、问题、思考和展望. 中国针灸, 2023, 43(1): 3-7.
8. WHO Guideline Review Committee. WHO handbook for guideline development. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2014.
9. 岗卫娟, 孟醒, 景向红. 临床试验中针刺方案充分性评价: 现状与建议. 中国针灸, 2019, 39(3): 229-233.
10. 全国针灸标准化技术委员会. 针灸临床实践指南制定及其评估规范: GB/T 40972-2021. 2021.
11. Qaseem A, Forland F, Macbeth F, et al. Guidelines International Network: toward international standards for clinical practice guidelines. Ann Intern Med, 2012, 156(7): 525-531.
12. World Stroke Organization Stroke Guideline Sub-Committee. Clinical practice guideline development handbook for stroke care. 2009.
13. International Diabetes Federation Clinical Practice Guideline Task Force. Guide for guidelines a guide for clinical guideline development. 2003.
14. 武晓冬, 袁静云, 赵楠琦, 等. 国内外针灸临床实践指南的现状调查与内容分析. 中国针灸, 2021, 41(8): 923-927, 932.
15. Zhao NQ, Liu YL, Ding N, et al. Differences in contents and formation methods of clinical questions in chinese and Korean clinical practice guidelines of acupuncture-moxibustion: scoping review. Chin J Integr Med, 2023, 29(12): 1133-1141.
16. 赵楠琦, 袁静云, 郭丽花, 等. 国内针灸临床实践指南制定中存在问题的思考. 中国针灸, 2021, 41(4): 445-448.
17. 丁楠, 武晓冬, 赵楠琦, 等. 中医古籍文献分级和推荐体系的发展现状. 中华中医药杂志, 2021, 36(10): 6014-6017.
18. 赵楠琦, 武晓冬, 牟东晓, 等. 医家经验在针灸临床实践指南制定过程中的作用价值探讨. 中国针灸学会年会论文集, 2024.
19. 丁楠, 武晓冬, 赵楠琦, 等. 对国内针灸临床实践指南制定中共识达成的分析与思考. 中国针灸, 2022, 42(3): 337-342.
20. 丁楠, 袁静云, 赵楠琦, 等. 针灸临床实践指南推荐意见框架的研究. 中华中医药杂志, 2022, 37(11): 6352-6357.
21. Wu XD, Zhao NQ, Ding N, et al. Discussion on collection of clinical questions in international clinical practice guidelines of acupuncture-moxibustion. Chin J Integr Med, 2023, 29(4): 353-360.
22. 丁楠, 武晓冬, 赵楠琦, 等. 共识法在针灸临床实践指南制定中的实施建议. 中国针灸, 2025, 45(2): 237-241.
23. Lietz M, Angelescu K, Markes M, et al. GRADE: Evidence to Decision (EtD) framework for coverage decisions. Z Evid Fortbild Qual Gesundhwes, 2020, 150-152: 134-141.

Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine

Interpretation of development and content of the World Federation of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Societies standard: norms for formulation and evaluation of the clinical practice guidelines of acupuncture and moxibustion

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