Objective To investigate relationship between androgen receptor (AR) and clinicopathologic features of patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) in Xinjiang. Methods The clinical data of Han and Uygur patients with TNBC from the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from December 2012 to December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. And the expression of the AR and the clinicopathologic features of the patients with TNBC were extracted. The results were analyzed by SPSS 19.0. Results A total of 178 patients with TNBC were included, including 127 Han and 51 Uygur patients. The positive rate of the AR expression in the 178 patients with TNBC was 21.3% (38/178), which was significantly related to the expression of Ki-67 (χ2=15.196, P<0.001), was not related to the ethnicity (χ2=0.203, P=0.688), age (χ2=0.221, P=0.715), tumor size (χ2=0.047, P=0.855), lymph node status (χ2=0.874, P=0.354), or histological grade (χ2=0.001, P=1.000). And there were no statistically significant differences in the clinicopathologic features between the Han patients with TNBC and the Uygur patients with TNBC. Conclusion AR positive expression is related to Ki-67, but clinicopathologic features have no significant differences between Han and Uygur patients with TNBC in Xingjinag.
ObjectiveTo investigate the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and its relation with clinicopathologic features. MethodsA computer search of PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang Data, and VIP databases were conducted to select clinical studies on EGFR expression in the TNBC according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the search period was from database establishment to January 2022. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted the data, and evaluated the quality of the literature before conducting meta-analysis using RevMan 5.4 software. ResultsA total of 28 studies including 7 956 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that the positive rate of EGFR expression in the TNBC patients was higher than that in the non-TNBC patients [OR=5.16, 95%CI (4.04, 6.58), P<0.000 01], and the proportions of patients with axillary lymph node metastasis [OR=3.11, 95%CI (1.56, 6.19), P=0.001] and with tumor diameter >2 cm [OR=2.09, 95%CI (1.18, 3.72), P=0.01] in the patients with EGFR positive were higher than those the patients with EGFR negative, no correlation was found that the proportion of patients with histological WHO classification 3 between the patients with EGFR positive expression and EGFR negative expression (P=0.07). ConclusionFrom the results of this meta-analysis, EGFR expression might be associated with the occurrence, development, and metastasis of patients with TNBC.
ObjectiveTo summarize the research progress of microRNA-200 (miR-200) family in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).MethodsRelevant literatures at home and abroad were systematically retrieved and read to review the research progress of miR-200 family in TNBC in recent years.ResultsThe miR-200 family played an important role in the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of TNBC, as well as the resistance to treatment. It could also be used as potential therapeutic targets and biological predictors. Different miR-200 family members and differential expression mediated various targeting effects, which may be related to differences in signaling pathways and cellular environment.ConclusionsmiR-200 family plays a key regulatory role in the occurrence and development of TNBC, and it is expected to provide new ideas for the treatment and prognosis evaluation of TNBC. However, its mechanism of action still needs further study.
ObjectiveTo explore expression of epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) in triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC). Method The published articles about expression of EGFR in TNBC according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria from PubMed, Elsevier-Science Direct, and Web of Science databases were retrieved. The meta-analysis was performed with RevMan 5.2 software. ResultsA total of 8 articles were eligible for the meta-analysis. Among them, 1 006 patients in the TNBC group and 2 945 cases in the non-TNBC group. The result of meta-analysis showed that the positive rate of EGFR expression in the TNBC group was significantly higher than that in the non-TNBC group(OR=6.57, 95% CI 3.42-12.61, P < 0.000 01). The result of race subgroup analysis showed that the positive rate of EGFR expression of TNBC patients in Caucasian(OR=8.93, 95% CI 4.16-19.17, P < 0.000 01) or Xanthoderm(OR=2.79, 95% CI 0.99-7.89, P=0.05) was significantly increased as compared with non-TNBC patients. ConclusionThe positive rate of EGFR expression in TNBC patients is higher than that of non-TNBC patients, which might become an important marker of TNBC and an effective therapeutic target.
Breast cancer is a malignancy with the highest incidence and mortality rate among women in the world. The current treatment methods include surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, endocrine therapy and targeted therapy. Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) has high manignant behavior and poor prognosis, lacks specific treatment targets, thus resulting in few effective treatment modalities. The emergence of immunotherapy has provided hopes for TNBC. The efficacy of immunocheckpoint inhibitors in neoadjuvant treatment of early TNBC and first-line treatment of programmed death-ligand 1 positive metastatic TNBC. Therefore, this article reviews the researches of immunocheckpoint inhibitors in the treatment of early and advanced breast cancer.
ObjectiveTo summarize the research progress of Hippo signaling pathway in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). MethodLiteratures about studies the role of Hippo signaling pathway in cancer stem cells, epithelial-mesenchymal transformation, tumorigenesis and development, distant metastasis, treatment resistance, and treatment strategies were retrieved. ResultsIn TNBC, overexpression of Yes-associated protein and PDZ-binding motif could promote the development of tumor stem cells, induce epithelial-mesenchymal transformation of TNBC cells, and promote tumor development, distant metastasis, and chemotherapy resistance. ConclusionHippo/Yes-associated protein axis plays an important role in carcinogenesis and progression of TNBC, and targeting Hippo signaling pathway might be a potential therapeutic target for TNBC.
ObjectiveTo understand current research progress of microRNA (miRNA) in pathogenesis of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), and to provide reference for understanding pathogenesis and treatment of TNBC.MethodTheresearch progress of relationship of TNBC and miRNA was reviewed by reading relevant literatures at home and abroad in recent years.ResultsThe miRNAs were involved in a variety of biological processes, including the cell proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, differentiation, metastasis, etc., and played an important role in the cancer initiation and metastasis. Therefore, researchers had attempted to treat and prevent the TNBC by targeting miRNAs. At present, there had been a large number of reports that the miRNAs played a key role in TNBC, which were classified as the anti-oncogene and oncogene, and was associated with metastasis and prognosis of TNBC.ConclusionmiRNA is very important in pathogenesis of TNBC. Mechanism of studying miRNA is necessary for treatment and prevention of TNBC.
Objective To systematically review the efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer. Methods The PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI, WanFang Data and VIP databases were searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for triple-negative breast cancer from inception to April 1, 2024. Two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of the included studies. Meta-analysis was then performed by using RevMan 5.4 software. Results A total of 13 RCTs involving 5 416 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that the pathologic complete response rate (pCR) (OR=2.09, 95%CI 1.37 to 3.19, P<0.01), progression-free survival (PFS) (HR=0.75, 95%CI 0.67 to 0.83, P<0.01) and overall survival (OS) (HR=0.87, 95%CI 0.79 to 0.96, P<0.01) were significantly better than those in the control group. The results of subgroup analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in PFS (P<0.01) and OS (P=0.02) between PD-L1-positive and PD-L1-negative patients, but there was no statistically significant difference in pCR between PD-L1-positive patients and PD-L1-negative patients (P=0.36). There was a statistically significant difference in pCR between node-positive patients and node-negative patients (P=0.03). There was no statistically significant difference in pCR between patients treated with PD-1 inhibitors and PD-L1 inhibitors (P=0.32); and there was no significant difference in PFS (P=0.19) or OS (P=0.99) between patients treated with PD-1 inhibitors and PD-L1 inhibitors. Compared with those in the control group, the incidences of serious adverse events (RR=1.36, 95%CI 1.09 to 1.70, P<0.01) and immune-related adverse events (RR=2.98, 95%CI 1.66 to 5.35, P<0.01) were higher in the experimental group, and the common immune-related adverse events were hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism.Conclusion The existing evidence shows that immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with chemotherapy are more effective than chemotherapy alone in the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer, and the combination therapy has a higher incidence of adverse reactions. Due to the limited quantity and quality of the included studies, more high-quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusion.
ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between the expression of IL-8 protein in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) and clinicopathological features and survival prognosis.MethodsThe expression of IL-8 protein in 80 cases of TNBC was detected by immunohistochemical staining, and the relationship between the expression of IL-8 protein and clinicopathological features and prognosis of TNBC patients was analyzed by χ2 test, log-rank test, and Cox proportional hazards regression.ResultsIn 80 TNBC patients, the high expression of IL-8 protein accounted for 22.5% (18/80). The expression level of IL-8 protein in TNBC tumor tissue was correlated with T stage, clinical stage, Ki-67 expression, WHO grade and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). However, it was not related to age, menopausal status, pathological type of tumor and whether they had received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (P>0.05). The results of log-rank analysis showed that the disease-free survival rate (DFS) of high expression group of IL-8 protein was poor than that of low expression group of IL-8 protein (P<0.05). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that the expression of IL-8 protein was an independent factor affecting the survival and prognosis of TNBC patients [HR=1.180, 95%CI (1.001, 1.391), P=0.049]. The prognosis of TNBC patients with high expression of IL-8 protein was poor.ConclusionThe expression level of IL-8 protein is an independent risk factor affecting the survival and prognosis of patients with TNBC.