Objectives To analyze the effect of improved oven for defluorination in coal-burning endemic fluorosis areas in China, and to provide evidence for the prevention and control of fluorosis. Methods Electronic databases including CNKI, CBM, VIP and CDMD-D (1989 to 2005), were searched. We also checked the reference lists of relevant articles. We selected relevant articles according to the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The methodological quality was assessed . Data on room heat preservation and the effect of improved oven for defluorination were collected in the surveillance spots of Three Gorges Reservoir. Correlation analyses were conducted between the improved oven and its effect parameters. Results Twelve articles of low quality met the selection criteria, of which 9 were graded C and 3 were graded D in terms of the methodological quality. A negative correlation was found between the decreasing rate of normal oven use and the decreasing rate of dental fluorosis as well as of urine fluorine (Pearson correlation coefficient r = – 0.87, – 0.63, Plt;0.01, lt;0.05, respectively). Analysis also revealed a positive correlation between room heat preservation and the decreasing rate of dental fluorosis as well as of normal oven use (the two Spearman correlation coefficients and P values were the same: r = –1.00, Plt;0.01). Conclusion High-quality studies on the effect of improved oven for defluorination in China are not available. Based on the current evidence, the improved oven for defluorination and the correct use, maintenance and house rebuilding for heat preservation may help to prevent fluorosis.
Amanitin-containing mushroom poisoning is one of the most harmful and lethal types of mushroom poisoning events. Its basic medical and clinical medical knowledge has not been fully understood and mastered, so the basic and clinical diagnosis and treatment of amanitin-containing mushroom poisoning has always been a hot research field of acute mushroom poisoning. This article focuses on the new progress in the epidemiology, toxicological properties, poisoning mechanism, clinical diagnosis and treatment of amanitin-containing mushroom poisoning, in order to provide the basis for further study, diagnosis and treatment of amanitin-containing mushroom poisoning for basic researchers and clinical medical staff.
ObjectiveTo observe the prognosis index in acute arsenic trihydride poisoning patients in order to provide references for early clinical treatment. MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 20 acute arsenic trihydride poisoning patients treated between July 2010 and January 2014. The patients were divided into death group and survival group according to survival situation 90 days later. The length of time from onset to treatment, urine arsenic concentration, blood routine, hepatic and renal function, electrolyte, myocardial enzyme, arterial blood gas analysis were observed by single factor analysis, and the positive indexes were analyzed by logistic regression analysis to seek the potential influencing factors for survival. ResultsCompared with the survival group, the length of time from onset to treatment, urine arsenic, serum total bilirubin, creatinine, creatine kinase of the death group were significantly higher (P<0.05), while the value of pH, HCO3-, BE of the survival group were significantly lower (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that these indexes remarkably affected patients' survival rate. ConclusionTherapeutic time window, extent of damage of heart, liver, kidney and acid-base imbalance are closely associated with the survival rate of arsenic trihydride poisoning patients, and timely treatment for above factors can be useful for improving prognosis.
Acute poisoning is characterized by a sudden and rapid onset, most poisons lack specific antidotes. Even with the full use of blood purification, mechanical ventilation, and various drugs, it is often difficult to change the fatal outcome of critically ill patients. In recent years, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has gradually gained attention and exploratory application in the treatment of acute poisoning due to its significant cardiopulmonary function support, veno-venous ECMO is used for severe lung injury after poisoning, acute respiratory distress syndrome and respiratory failure due to ineffective mechanical ventilation, and it can also be used to assist the removal of residual poisons in the lungs. Veno-arterial ECMO is commonly employed in patients with circulatory failure following poisoning, fatal cardiac arrhythmias, and arrest of cardiac and respiratory. The application of veno-arterio-venous ECMO has also been reported. The mode of ECMO necessitates timely adjustments according to the evolving illness, while ongoing exploration of additional clinical indications is underway. This review analyzes and evaluates the application scope and effectiveness of ECMO in acute poisoning in recent years, with a view to better exploring and rationalizing the use of this technology.
目的 探讨H2受体拮抗剂和质子泵抑制剂（PPI）缓解急性胃黏膜损伤的时效性研究。 方法 对2008年1月－2010年1月在急诊科就诊的98例急性乙醇中毒后胃黏膜损伤患者，随机分为对照组50例，治疗组48例。常规给予休息、保暖，补液，维持水、电解质、酸碱平衡，维持循环功能等治疗基础上，对照组给予H2受体拮抗剂治疗，治疗组给予PPI治疗。通过观察急性胃黏膜损伤患者上消化道症状及体征，记录不同饮酒及饮酒量，并根据患者就诊时间及不同饮酒组治疗后上消化道症状完全缓解时间进行比较。 结果 治疗组上消化道症状缓解所需时间与对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.001），不同饮酒组上消化道症状缓解时间上差异有统计学意义（P=0.000）。 结论 PPI在缓解急性乙醇中毒所致胃黏膜损伤的时效上更明显，具有临床价值。