ObjectiveTo summarize the application of image texture analysis in the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer.MethodsReviewed the literatures on the application of image texture analysis related methods in the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer, and summarized the value of texture analysis in the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer in terms of diagnosis, staging, curative effect evaluation, and prognosis prediction.ResultsImage texture analysis had been widely used in diagnosis, staging, curative effect evaluation, prognosis prediction of gastric cancer, and other related diagnosis and treatment applications.ConclusionsImage texture analysis is an important part of the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer, which has a good development prospect.
Abstract： Ischemia postconditioning is a new concept based on ischemic preconditioning. It has become a hot topic in protection of ischemic-reperfusion injury because of its effective protection, relative ease of application, and postconditioning. However, its precise mechanisms and most effective application methods are still unclear. This review covers recent progress in the understanding, developments (in remote postconditioning and pharmacological postconditioning), applications to the protection of heart, lung, liver, kidney, and brain, mechanisms and appropriate protocol of ischemic post-conditioning.
摘要:目的:探讨16层螺旋CT图像后处理技术对青少年特发性脊柱侧凸的胸椎旋转和椎弓根径线变化特点及临床价值。 方法:收集经临床诊治的青少年特发性脊柱侧凸20例,运用16层螺旋CT扫描及图像后处理技术,进行相关CT数据测量统计。结果:(1)脊柱胸椎侧凸的顶椎及邻近椎体均向凸侧旋转、后份向凹侧旋转,以顶椎旋转最重,且凹侧椎弓根径线小于凸侧,与侧凸程度及方向具有相关性。(2)上、下终椎椎体旋转及椎弓根径线变化则较复杂,其椎体无旋转或向相反方向旋转,椎弓根径线可凸侧小于凹侧,以上终椎明显。结论:16层螺旋CT及图像后处理技术,对显示青少年特发性脊柱侧凸胸椎旋转及椎弓根径线变化特征,可提供临床拟订手术方案的重要影像学依据。
Objective To explore the impact of ischemic postconditioning on ischemia-reperfusion injury in isolatedelderly rat hearts and their relation with P-Akt. Methods A total of 30 healthy elderly SD rats (21-23 months old， male or female) with their body weight of 450-500 g were divided into 3 groups: control group， ischemia-reperfusion group， and postconditioning group， with 10 rats in each group. Coronary artery blood flow，myocardial infarction size， phosphorylatedAkt （p-Akt） expression， and changes in myocardium and mitochondria were detected. Results Coronary artery blood flow of the postconditioning group was significantly higher than that of the ischemia-reperfusion group （6.4±1.2 ml/min vs.3.1±1.2 ml/min， P＜0. 01）， and myocardial infarction size of the postconditioning group was significantly smaller thanthat of the ischemia-reperfusion group （35.0%±2.0% vs. 55.7%±3.6%， Plt;0. 05）. The expression of P-Akt was significantlyhigher， and myocardial fibers and mitochondria were preserved better in the postconditioning group than the ischemia-reperfusion group. Conclusion Ischemic postconditioning can protect isolated elderly rat hearts against ischemia-reperfusion injury， which may be related to P-Akt activation.
Objective To study the mechanism of alleviating lung ischemia-reperfusion injury by postischemic treatment with namefene hydrochloride, and explore the optimal timing of drug treatment throughout the disease course. Methods A total of 60 rats were randomly divided into six groups with 10 rats in each group: a sham group, a model group, a nalmefene A (NA) group, a nalmefene B (NB) group, a nalmefene C (NC) group and a nalmefene D (ND) group. The sham group without drug treatment was not treated with ischemia-reperfusion. The lung ischemia-reperfusion model was established by occlusion of the left pulmonary hilum in the model group without drug treatment. After ischemic treatment, the NA, NB, NC and ND groups were respectively injected with nalmefene (15 μg/kg) by the tail vein at 5 min before, 10 min, 30 min and 60 min after pulmonary circulation reperfusion. At the 3rd hour after reperfusion, all rats were sacrificed and the specimens from the upper lobe of the left lung tissue were preserved to observe pulmonary lesions, detect wet/dry weight ratio and the activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO), the expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) mRNA and MyD88 mRNA as well as the expressions of TLR2, MyD88, NF-κB p65 and p-NF-κB p65 in lung tissue. Results There were different degrees of alveolar septal destruction, obvious pulmonary interstitial edema, the infiltration of inflammatory cell, the exudationred of blood cell in the mesenchyme, and the collapse of partial alveolar in the model group and the NA, NB, NC, ND groups. In terms of wet/dry weight ratio, the score of lung tissue injury, the activity of MPO, the expressions of TNF-α, TLR2 mRNA and MyD88 mRNA as well as the expressions of TLR2, MyD88, NF-κB p65 and p-NF-κB p65 in lung tissue, the model group were significantly higher than the sham group (P<0.01); there was no significant difference between the ND group and the model group (P>0.05). The corresponding test values of the nalmefene groups with post-ischemic treatment showed the characteristics of ND group> NC group> NB group> NA group (P<0.01). Conclusion The effect of nammefene on alleviating lung ischemia-reperfusion injury is closely related to the inhibition of TLR2, MyD88, NF-κB p65 and phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 with a characteristic of time-dependent manner.
目的 探讨磷丙泊酚钠后处理对大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤的影响及是否呈剂量相关性。 方法 40只SD大鼠随机分为5组（每组n=8），即：假手术组（SP组）、生理盐水后处理组（NS组）、丙泊酚后处理组（PRO组）、低剂量磷丙泊酚钠[6 mg/（kg·h）]后处理组（LFOS组）、高剂量磷丙泊酚钠[12 mg/（kg·h）]后处理组（HFOS组）。除SP组外，其余4组在肝脏缺血60 min后给予药物后处理直至手术结束。在缺血60 min、再灌注60 min和120 min时采集血样，测定血清中丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、乳酸脱氢酶（ LDH）含量；在灌注120 min时取大鼠肝左外叶，用于HE染色，观察肝脏的形态学改变。 结果 与NS组相比，SP组、PRO组、LFOS组和HFOS组血清中的ALT、AST、LDH值明显降低（P＜0.05）；与SP组比较，PRO组、LFOS组、HFOS组和NS组的ALT、AST、LDH值升高（P＜0.05）；与PRO组比较，LFOS组的ALT、AST和LDH值差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05），HFOS组的ALT、AST和LDH值降低（P＜0.05）；LFOS组与HFOS组比较，HFOS组的ALT、AST和LDH值降低更为明显（P＜0.05）。 结论 磷丙泊酚钠后处理对大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤具有保护作用，且高剂量磷丙泊酚钠[12 mg/（kg·h）]的保护作用更为明显，保护作用存在剂量依赖性。
ObjectiveTo explore the value and role of post-processing techniques such as 3D reconstruction in the online education mode in neurosurgery undergraduate clinical probation teaching.MethodsA retrospective analysis method was used to collect 120 clinical 5-year medical students who were trained in neurosurgery at West China Hospital of Sichuan University from January 2019 to May 2020, including 40 students receiving traditional imaging materials offline (control group 1), 40 students being taught on image post-processing technology offline (control group 2), and 40 students being taught on-line image post-processing technology during the novel coronavirus epidemic (observational group). The students’ scores of departmental rotation examination and feedback survey results on teaching satisfaction were collected, and multiple comparison was conducted between the observational group and the two control groups respectively.ResultIn the control group 1, the control group 2, and the observational group, the theoretical test scores were 36.80±3.22, 38.17±2.61, and 38.97±2.79, respectively; the case analysis scores were 37.05±2.01, 38.40±2.62, and 39.25±2.88, respectively; the total scores were 73.85±5.06, 76.57±4.29, and 78.10±4.53, respectively; the scores of interest in teaching were 84.47±3.71, 86.05±2.87, and 86.82±2.60, respectively; the scores of mastery of knowledge were 82.85±4.39, 84.90±2.72, and 85.78±2.36, respectively; and the scores of overall satisfaction with teaching were 84.17±3.45, 85.97±2.64, and 86.37±2.59, respectively. The differences among the three groups were all statistically significant (P<0.05). The observational group differed significantly from the control group 1 in all the above scores (P<0.05), while did not differed from the control group 2 in any of the above scores (P>0.05).ConclusionsIn neurosurgery internship activities, the online application of image post-processing techniques such as 3D reconstruction will help students establish 3D spatial concepts, better understand the brain anatomy, and improve students’ academic performance and acceptance.
Abstract： Objective To observe the expression changes of microRNA 1 （miRNA-1） and microRNA 21（miRNA-21） after ischemic preconditioning （IPC）, ischemic postconditioning （IPO） and remote ischemic preconditioning （RIPC）in an ischemia-reperfusion rat heart model in vitro, as well as the expression of their target protein heat shock protein 70 （HSP70） and programmed cell death 4 （PDCD4）, and evaluate whether miRNA are involved in endogenous cardio-protective mechanism. Methods The Langendorff-perfused Sprague-Dawley rat hearts were randomly assigned into one of the four groups, control group （CON group, n=12）, ischemia preconditioning group （IPC group， n=12） , ischemia postconditioning group （IPO group， n=12） and remote ischemia preconditioning group （RIPC group，n=12）. Cardiac function was digitalized and analyzed. The expression of HSP70, PDCD4, B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 （Bcl-2） and Bax was detected by Western blotting. The expression of miRNA-1 and miRNA-21 was detected by real-time reverse transcriotion-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR）. Assessment of cardiac infarct size and myocardial apoptosis was determined using triphenyltetrazolium chloride （TTC） assay and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling assay （TUNEL） assay respectively. Results The expressions of miRNA-1 and miRNA-21 were up-regulated in IPC group, but the expression of miRNA-1 was down-regulated in RIPC group and IPO group （P＜0.05）. The expressionsof PDCD4, HSP70 and Bax were down-regulated in ‘conditioning’ groups compared with CON group （P＜0.05）. The expression of Bcl-2 was not statistically different among the four groups. The infarct size and the myocardial apoptosis in ‘conditioning’ hearts were significantly decreased compared with CON group （P＜0.05）. Conclusion The expressions of the miRNA-1 and miRNA-21 are different in IPC, RIPC and IPO groups, and their target proteins are not inversely correlated with the miRNAs in all the ‘conditioning’ groups.
Objective To investigate the effects of ischemic postconditioning （IPO） on inflammatory response inischemia-reperfusion （IR） injury of rat lungs in vivo. Methods Forty SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups inclu-ding a sham surgery group （S group），a 30-minute IR group （I/R-30 group），a 120-minute IR group（IR-120 group），a 30-minute IPO group （IPO-30 group），and a 120-minute IPO group （IPO-120 group）. There were 8 rats in each group. All therats received left thoracotomy after anesthesia. In the sham surgery group，a line was only placed around the left hilum butnot fastened. In the I/R-30 group and I/R-120 group，a line was fastened to block the blood flow of the left lung for 1 hour，then loosened for reperfusion for 30 minutes and 120 minutes respectively. In the IPO-30 group and IPO-120 group，afterblocking the blood flow of the left lung for 1 hour，the left hilum was fastened for 10 seconds and loosened for 10 seconds（repeating 3 times for 1 minute），then the line was loosened for 30 minutes and 120 minutes respectively. The levels of interleukin-10 （IL-10） in lung tissues and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 （sICAM-1） in plasma were measured. Histopathological changes of lung tissues were observed and diffuse alveolar damage （DAD） scores was calculated.Results The levels of plasma sICAM-1 in the I/R-30 group and I/R-120 group were significantly higher than that of S group ［（2.140±0.250）μg/L vs. （0.944±0.188）μg/L，P=0.003；（2.191±0.230）μg/L vs. （0.944±0.188）μg/L，P=0.003］. IL-10levels in lung tissues in the I/R-30group and I/R-120 group were also significantly higher than that of S group［（15.922±0.606）pg/mg pro vs. （7.261±0.877）pg/mg pro，P=0.037；（17.421±1.232）pg/mg pro vs. （7.261±0.877）pg/mg pro，P=0.042］. Pathologic lesions of lung tissues in the I/R-30 group and I/R-120 group were more severe than that of S group. After IPO, plasma sICAM-1 levels in the IPO-30 group and IPO-120 group were significantly lower than those in the I/R-30group and I/R-120 group respectively ［（1.501±0.188）μg/L vs.（2.140±0.250）μg/L，P=0.038；（1.350±0.295）μg/L vs.（2.191±0.230）μg/L，P=0.005］. IL-10 levels in lung tissues in the IPO-30 group and IPO-120 group were significantly higherthan those in the I/R-30 group and I/R-120 group respectively ［（20.950±1.673）pg/mg pro vs.（15.922±0.606）pg/mgpro，P=0.008；（25.334±1.173）pg/mg pro vs.（17.421±1.232）pg/mg pro，P=0.006］. DAD scores in the IPO-30 group andIPO-120 group were significantly lower than those in the I/R-30 group and I/R-120 group respectively ［6.8±1.4 vs. 11.5±1.9，P=0.007；7.5±1.6 vs. 13.2±1.7，P=0.005］. Pathological lesions of the lung tissues of IPO groups were less severe than those of I/R groups. Conclusion IPO can attenuate IR injury by inhibiting inflammatory response in rat lungs.