【摘要】 目的 观察单用二甲双胍与二甲双胍联合阿卡波糖对2型糖尿病（type 2 diabetes mellitus，T2DM）降糖作用的临床疗效。 方法 对2010年1—10月就诊有典型易饥多食的T2DM患者45例，随机分为二甲双胍组20例和二甲双胍联合阿卡波糖25例，疗程12周。 结果 二甲双胍组与二甲双胍联合阿卡波糖组治疗后对患者的饥饿感和食量改善差异有统计学意义（Plt;0.05），空腹及餐后血糖差异（Plt;0.01）、空腹血糖达标比例差异（Plt;0.01）、餐后血糖达标比例差异（Plt;0.05）均有统计学意义。 结论 二甲双胍联合阿卡波糖能显著改善T2DM患者的食欲及食量，从而明显降低空腹及餐后血糖。【Abstract】 Objective To observe and compare the clinical affects and curative effects between using metformin and metformin plus acarbose in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods From January to October 2010, 45 T2DM patients with common symptoms of easy-starving and overeating were randomized into two groups and treated for 12 weeks with either metformin (n=20) or metformin plus acarbose (n=25). Results After the treatment, significant differences were found between the two groups in the improvement on patients’ sense of starving and quantity of eating (Plt;0.05), fasting and postprandial blood glucose (Plt;0.01), up-to-standard rate of fasting blood glucose (Plt;0.01), and up-to-standard rate of postprandial blood glucose (Plt;0.05). Conclusion The combination of metformin and acarbose can substantially improve the appetite and quantity of eating for patients with T2DM, hence significant reductions of fasting and postprandial blood glucose level can be feasibly achieved.
【摘要】 目的 探讨影响近视患者中央角膜曲率(Kmean)及球镜屈光度的因素。方法 2008年3月—8月，使用角膜地形图测量157例(313眼)近视患者Kmean和角膜后表面高度。用A超测量眼轴长度和中央角膜厚度,验光测出球镜屈光度。分析可能影响Kmean及球镜屈光度的多个因素。其中男79例(157眼),女78例(156眼)；年龄18~45岁,中位年龄20岁。近视病程1～30年。近视球镜屈光度(-5.65±2.74)D。结果 眼轴长度、中央角膜厚度、角膜后表面高度、眼压、Kmean和球镜屈光度分别为:(26.00±1.04)mm、(540.50±31.02)μm、(26.96±6.05)μm、(17.05±2.48)mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)、(43.30±1.46)D、(-5.65±2.27)D。Kmean的影响因素有:眼轴长度(βi=-0.411,P=0.000)、性别(βi=-0.278,P=0.000)、中央角膜厚度(βi=-0.180,P=0.000)[(Kmean(D)=63.9790.599×眼轴长度(mm)-0.813×性别(男=1,女=0)-0.009×中央角膜厚度(μm),R=0.583,F=25.804,P=0.000)]。球镜屈光度的影响因素有:眼轴长度(βi=-0.911,P=0.000)、Kmean(βi=-0.477,P=0.000)和性别(βi=0.183,P=0.000)[球镜屈光度(D)=76.585-1.990×眼轴长度(mm)-0.714×Kmean(D)+0.801×性别(男=1,女=0),R=0.837,F=117.295,P=0.000)]。结论 眼轴长度、中央角膜厚度和性别都对Kmean有影响,眼轴增长是近视的主要原因。
目的 分析眼表面肿块的发病情况及组织病理学特点。 方法 对2004年1月-2008年12月收治并经病理学证实的326例眼表面肿块患者的年龄、性别、眼别、肿块发生部位、肿块性质及病理类型进行回顾性分析。 结果 326例眼表面肿块中，良性肿块264例（81.0%），恶性肿块62例（19.0%）。良性肿块中，前5位分别为色素痣67例（25.4）%，迷芽瘤63例（23.9）%，乳头状瘤39例（占14.8）%，结膜囊肿25例（9.5）%，炎性肉芽肿20例（7.6）%。恶性肿块中，前4位分别为鳞状细胞癌25例（40.3）%，淋巴瘤13例（21.0）%，恶性黑色素瘤12例（19.4）%，原位癌10例（16.1）%。 结论 眼球表面的肿块有共同的组织细胞起源，肿块的亚型表现出不同的组织结构、良恶性和好发部位；而同部位的良性、交界性和恶性病变的衍变发展，从某种程度上体现了一个疾病的不同发展阶段，三者间的鉴别和明确的病理诊断能为临床选择手术时机及手术方式提供依据。
Objective To evaluate the relationship between angiotension-converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphism and susceptibility to cerebral hemorrhage among the Han Chinese population. Methods We electronically searched CNKI, CBM, VIP, and Wanfang technological periodical full-text databases from January, 1998 to January, 2009. We identified case-control studies of ACE gene polymorphism and cerebral hemorrhage among the Han Chinese population, and assessed the quality of included studies. The data were quantitatively analyzed by RevMan 4.3 software. Results Meta-analysis results showed that the pooled OR value of cerebral hemorrhage subjects among the Han Chinese population with at least one D allele was 1.42 (95%CI1.13 to1.78). The pooled OR values of cerebral hemorrhage with DD and II genotype were 1.9 (95%CI1.32 to 2.74) and 0.80 (95%CI0.63 to 1.01) respectively. Conclusion ACE gene polymorphism is significantly associated with susceptibility to cerebral hemorrhage in the Han Chinese `population.
目的：研究近五年来眼肿瘤的临床病理类型，为临床提供诊断和治疗依据。方法：对华西医院眼病理室2003年1月-2008年1月间所检查的619例眼部肿瘤资料进行回顾性分析。结果：良性肿瘤374例，恶性肿瘤245例。按取材的解剖部位分：眼睑肿瘤218例，眼表肿瘤134例，眼球内肿瘤69例，眼眶肿瘤198例。结论：对眼肿瘤进行临床和病理分析有利于临床诊断和处理。
Many meta-analysis studies evaluate rates as parameter to assess the overall estimate of effects. However, none of these studies address systematic approaches for the meta-analysis of rates. This paper outlines the conditions, analysis and software operation procedures for the meta-analysis of rates. It also compares different operation procedures of three types of commonly-used R software (Comprehensive Meta-Analysis, Stata and MetaAnalyst) through real application examples. The biggest challenge for the meta-analysis of rates is to determine whether rates can be pooled, and how to evaluate heterogeneity between studies' outcomes needs further discussion.