Objective To summarize the experience of providing medical supplies for the medical rescue after the Wenchuan earthquake so as to provide information for similar tasks in the future. Methods We collected and analyzed relevant data from the Medical Supply Group of the Headquarters for Earthquake Resistance and Disaster Relief. Results ① The Medical Supply Group of the Headquarters for Earthquake Resistance and Disaster Relief was set up immediately after the quake. Professional software for the medical supply information management was developed to ensure the completeness and timeliness of relevant data. ② Within the first 3 days after the quake, 12 460 medical device parts were delivered to the disaster area, which effectively ensured the availability of medical supplies for the “golden 72 hours”. ③ A great amount of donated material from other provinces and overseas also arrived. These donations reached a peak 2 weeks after the quake. A total of 428 411 drug products, 196 504 medical device parts and 5 999.4 tons of disinfection material were successfully delivered to most of the quake-stricken areas within 24 hours after its delivery to Sichuan province. ④ Three months after the quake, the remaining 193 831 drug products, 96 423 medical device parts and 2 000 tons of disinfection material were disposed appropriately. A regional medical supply warehouse was established to reserve 129 895 drug products, 74 018.4 medical device part and 231.28 tons of disinfection material. On the 115th day after the quake, a portion of these reserves were allocated to the quake-hit areas in Panzhihua, Liangshan, and Yunnan province. ⑤ Nearly 20 tons of drug products, 10 tons of medical devices and 724.54 tons of disinfection materials were properly destroyed due to expiration or disqualification. ⑥ Based on the data collected during the disaster relief work, a series of articles were published. Conclusion The medical supply work for the medical rescue after the Wenchuan earthquake was efficient, well-organized, transparent, and open.
目的:了解地震住院伤员的身心状态,进行针对性心理干预。方法:采用方便抽样,应用作者根据应激理论设计的应激身心反应调查表［1］,通过对地震伤员的观察和访谈,对在2008年5月12日至5月30日在四川大学华西医院住院的371名地震伤员进行身心状态的评估,并进行有针对性的心理干预。结果:①地震伤员灾后急性期心身应激反应较严重,其中出现频率最多的症状是睡眠困难,对突然的噪音或声音感到紧张害怕,心情沮丧,感到身体紧张,心情难以平静;②不同性别地震伤员身心反应存在一定差异,女性反应症状重于男性;③年龄在小于12岁、12～18岁和41～50岁年龄段地震伤员的身心反应与其他年龄段地震伤员的身心反应存在差异;④地震伤员的身心反应与其性别、年龄、文化、个人受伤情况有关。结论:地震伤员灾后身心反应严重,急性期给予针对性心理干预十分重要。
Objective To analyze the performance of epidemic prevention in Sichuan Province after Wenchuan earthquake, so as to provide references for future epidemic prevention when such emergencies occur. Methods Data about the relief work after the Wenchuan earthquake were collected from the archives of medical care assurance group of the anti-seismic and disaster relief headquarter. And then the data were classified and analyzed. Results After the Wenchuan earthquake, the strategies of epidemic prevention included emphasis on both epidemic prevention and medical relief, early implementation of hygienic measures, wide coverage of different measures for disease prevention with focuses on the most important diseases, as well as standardization and long lasting of epidemic prevention efforts. Owing to these strategies, the epidemic prevention in Sichuan Province was conducted vigorously, orderly and effectively. Conclusion The post-quake epidemic prevention strategies in Sichuan Province are accurate and effective, which could be recommended when such emergencies occur in the future.
Objective To comparatively analyze the rationality of emergency medication after Wenchuan earthquake with that after Lushan earthquake in West China Hospital of Sichuan University, based on the use of medicine of the victim’s disease spectrum. Method By using Excel, defined daily dose system (DDDs) and drug utilization index (DUI) were used as the evaluation indexes to analyze the rationality of emergency medication in West China Hospital of Sichuan University within one month after Wenchuan earthquake and Lushan earthquake. Results Within one month after Wenchuan and Lushan earthquake, there were 1 839 and 488 victims treated in the hospital, respectively. Within one month after the two earthquakes, the variation tendency of DDDs of drugs and number of victims was consistent, and the consistency was better in Lushan earthquake than that in Wenchuan earthquake. Among the 60 drugs which DDDs were ranked top five in their pharmacological class (top ten for antimicrobials) in Wenchuan earthquake, the majority of them were injections (injections vs. non-injections: 70.0% vs. 30.0%); the results showed that the medication (DUI=1) only accounted for 10.0%, the medication (DUI<1) accounted for 28.3%, which implied that the use of drugs was insufficient, the medication (DUI>1) accounted for 61.7%, which implied that drugs were overused; the average of DUI was 1.61. And in Lushan earthquake, injections also accounted for a larger proportion than non-injections (63.3%vs. 36.7%); the results showed that the medication (DUI=1) accounted for 15.0%, the medication (DUI<1) accounted for 38.3%, the medication (DUI>1) accounted for 46.7%; the average of DUI was 1.30. Conclusions Base on the DUI, we draw the conclusion that the rationality of emergency drug use and the timeliness of emergency drug supply were better in Lushan earthquake than those in Wenchuan earthquake. But the rationality of using the DUI, which is an evaluation index for normal conditions, to evaluate the emergency conditions still needs to be further verified.
Objective To investigate HCV genotypes in HCV patients in West China Hospital of Sichuan University, and to analyze the major genotypes and clinical characteristics. Methods From March 2011 to September 2016, 4 520 HCV patients who were successfully genotyped HCV genotypes were enrolled in West China Hospital of Sichuan University. The genotypes distributions and the characteristics of laboratory characteristics of liver function, the viral loading were all analyzed. In addition, the genotypes in HCC patients, liver cirrhosis, HBC/HCV co-infection were also analyzed. Results HCV genotypes of HCV patients were divided into five genotypes of 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 23 subtypes, including predominant genotypes/subtypes 1b, 1*, 3b, 2a, 3a and 6a, accounting for 66.42%, 8.01%, 6.57%, 4.54%, 4.29%, and 3.41%, respectively. Subtype 1b was the predominant subtype for both sex. In male patients, the levels of ALT were highest in 6a subtype, while in female, the levels of ALT were highest in 3a subtype. For the 94 liver cirrhosis patients, 42 patients were 1b subtypes; as for the 6 HCC patients, 1b and 3b subtypes were the only detected. Conclusion HCV genotypes/subtypes of HCV patients in West China Hospital of Sichuan University have unique characteristics of distribution, while the predominant genotype/subtypes are 1b,1*, 3b, 2a, 3a, 6a.
【摘要】 目的 研究两种不同的衰减系数转换方法对正电子发射计算机断层显像/计算机体层扫描（PET/CT） 标准摄取值（SUV）测量值的影响。 方法 2009年11-12月，从经过PET/CT氟代脱氧葡萄糖（FDG）显像患者中选取20例，其口腔中均有金属假牙。以四段转换法和二段转换法重建全身衰减校正断层图像。分别选取3种高密度区域和7种低密度区域，测量其最大SUV和平均SUV，比较两种转换方法SUV测量值。 结果 平均SUV：二段转换法的3种高密度区域SUV降低，在7种低密度区域中，1种区域增高，1种区域降低（P值均lt;0.05）。最大SUV：二段转换法的2种高密度区域的SUV降低，在7种低密度区域中，1种区域增高，2种靠近高密度组织的区域降低（P值均lt;0.05）。 结论 二段转换法能降低高密度区域的SUV，可用于减小体内金属植入物和CT对比剂造成的过度校正。【Abstract】 Objective To explore the effect of two attenuation correction algorithms on PET/CT SUV measurement. Methods From November to December 2009, the PET Slice of 20 patients with metallic dental implant were reconstructed with four-and two-section algorithms respectively. Mean SUV and maximum SUV were measured in three high-density areas and 7 low-density areas. Paired t test were performed to compare the differences. Results Mean SUV: two-section algorithm produced significantly lower SUV in all the three high-density areas; in the 7 low-density areas, SUV increased obviously in one area and decreased apparently in one area (Plt;0.05). Maximum SUV: two-section algorithm produced significantly lower SUV in two high-density areas, SUV increased obviously in one area and decreased apparently in two areas which was adjacent to the high density areas (Plt;0.05). Conclusion Two-section algorithm produces lower SUV measurement value than the four-section algorithm does, and it is useful in PET/CT studies for patients with metallic dental implant and when CT contrast is used.
West China Hospital of Sichuan University as a national-level regional medical center in the western part of the country, focused on the actual situation in Tibet and actively carried out precision health poverty alleviation work. Guided by " precision”, the hospital has built a close-knit medical association – Hospital of Tibet People’s Government in Chengdu Office, and through the comprehensive improvement of medical care, teaching, scientific research, and management, creates a medical and health service system with Tibet characteristics. Combining " blood transfusion” and " hematopoietic” to build a " West China Model” for precision health poverty alleviation, West China Hospital of Sichuan University fully demonstrates the public welfare and responsibility of a national-level regional medical center, and constantly exerts regional radiation and leading role, promotes the medical and health service system continuous improvement in Tibet.
Objective To analyze the costs of emergency medication in the West China Hospital within one month after Lushan earthquake based on actual medication of the victims’ disease spectrum. Methods We collected emergency medication data as evaluation index in the West China Hospital within one month after Lushan earthquake, including daily cost, cumulative percentage of pharmacology category, average cost per day/person, average cost per day/person when DUI=1, difference between average cost per day /person, and average cost per day/person when DUI=1, etc. Then, we input data using Excel software for statistically analyzing the costs of emergency medication within one month after the earthquake. Results During one month after the earthquake, the costs changed consistently with the number of victims, which implied the change of costs was rational. Injuries were classified into 6 categories and 12 kinds according to ICD-10. The costs of medication accounted for 71% of the total costs. Six kinds of illness accounted for 21%. Medication for injuries was classified into 3 categories and 18 kinds; average cost per day was 186.87 yuan and average cost per person was 1 702.70 yuan. Medication for illness was classified into 5 categories and 28 kinds; average cost per day was 38.96 yuan and average cost per person was 185.13 yuan. The mean value of average cost per day/person of injection was 14.52/5.08 times more than that of non-injection. Meanwhile, the mean value of average cost per day/person of imported medication was 7.10/5.28 times more than that of domestic medication. Conclusion The factors that impact the medication costs include: a) disease burden and traumatic conditions of the sick and wound; b) administration pathway (injection vs. non-injection); c) imported or domestic medication; and d) the rationality of taking DUI as evaluation index. When DUIgt;1, injection through the vein and imported medication take a larger share which increase the costs of medication. Emergency rescue package should mainly prepare for the injury. In order to ensure the timely, safe and effective medication, injection should be given priority to. We also should take into consideration crash-resistance/anti-quake package, reasonable dosage, convenience-to-use of drugs as well as the needs of the illness.
ObjectiveTo investigate the management of hospital infection control of 23 hospitals in Sichuan province, China for making the questionnaires and providing basic data of the China-U.S. cooperative program on emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases "The Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Project in China". MethodsWe selected 23 representative hospitals from different regions of Sichuan in the survey for the management of hospital infection control. The survey included basic situation of the hospital such as the hospital level, ownership, number of beds, employees and discharged patients, the situation of hospital infection management such as the organization of management, the previous surveillance for prevalence of nosocomial infection, the composition of the staff, and the distribution pattern of important pathogens. ResultsThere were 18 Triple A hospitals, 1 Double A hospital, 4 Triple B hospitals were investigated, of which there were21 general hospitals and 2 specialty hospitals. The total number of patient beds were 26 801. The total numbers of staff were 32 757 including 8 571 doctors, 13 611 nurses, 1 391 technicians and 1 014 pharmacists. In 2010, the total numbers of out-patients, operations, and discharged patients were 16 127 038, 334 057, and 776 806, and the length of mean hospital stays were 11.30 days. All hospitals established the hospital infection control department with 105 infection control professionals. Most of the staffs of infection control department had medical or nursing background with college, or undergraduate level. Nineteen hospitals (82.61%) did the surveillance for the prevalence of nosocomial infection. The last surveillance showed the mean rate of hospital infection was 2.58%. Lower respiratory tract, upper respiratory tract and surgical site infection were top three infections. The annual number of culture specimens totalled 267 061; the average positive rate was 33.06%. Escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonasaeruginosa, staphylococcus aureus and acinetobacter baumannii were top five infectious bacteria. ConclusionThe survey on the hospital infection control management could help us understand the overall situation of the hospital infection control. Also it could found the weaknesses and targeted interventions for the future project, and ensure the authenticity and reliability of the data for this research project eventually.