OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of vacuum sealing(VS) technique and emergency internal fixation on the management of limbs open fracture and soft tissue dirty defects. METHODS: Fourteen patients (18 limbs) with open fracture and soft tissue dirty defects were treated by the VS technique and internal fixation after debridement and 14 patients managed by traditional method as control group. Wound surface were covered with polyvinyl alcohol foams with embedded drainage tubes connected with vacuum bottle (negative pressure of 50 to 60 kPa) after wound surface were debrided and fracture were fixed. Wound closure was performed with secondary suturing, or free flap, or loco-regional flap and mesh-grafts after 5 to 7 days. RESULTS: All wound surface healed completely. No complications (systemic and local) were found. After 4-6 months follow-up on average, the fracture healed well. There was significant difference in time of treatment, total cost of treatment and complication rate between 2 groups (P lt; 0.01). CONCLUSION: The VS procedure can drain the wound surface completely, decrease infection rate and stimulate the proliferation of granulation tissue. A combination of VS with emergency internal fixation is a simple and effective method in treatment of limbs open fracture and soft tissue dirty defects.
目的 建立犬开放性气胸海水浸泡的实验模型 ,探讨实验动物早期死亡原因。 方法 2 0条健康成年杂种犬随机分为两组。对照组 :实验动物受伤后直接观察 ;实验组 :动物受伤后置入人工配制的海水中。监测血流动力学、呼吸、血液渗透压、血液电解质、动脉血气变化以及肺部病理改变。 结果 实验组死亡率明显高于对照组 ,平均生存时间为 45分钟。实验组经海水浸泡后有急性呼吸和循环功能衰竭、严重电解质平衡紊乱、高渗血症、重度肺损伤以及严重代谢性和呼吸性酸中毒。 结论 开放性气胸后海水浸泡可引起一系列严重的病理生理变化 ,其结果是导致实验动物早期死亡的重要原因。
ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of one stage vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) combined with bi-pedicle sliding flap transplantation in repairing open tibiofibular fracture and soft tissue defects of the lower leg. MethodsTwenty-five patients with open tibiofibular fracture and soft tissue defects of the lower leg were treated by VSD combined with bi-pedicle sliding flap transplantation between January 2012 and July 2014. There were 18 males and 7 females, aged 12-65 years (mean, 35.2 years). The injury causes included traffic accident injury (20 cases), falling injury from height (3 cases), and heavy pound injury (2 cases). The left side was involved in 14 cases, the right side in 8 cases, and both sides in 3 cases. According to Gustilo classification, injury was rated as type II (6 lower extremities), type III a (19 lower extremities), and type III b (3 lower extremities). The anterior tibial defect area after debridement ranged from 6 cm×3 cm to 12 cm×5 cm. The course of injury and admission was 1-18 hours (mean, 4.5 hours). An anterior tibial bi-pedicle sliding flap of 24 cm×6 cm to 48 cm×8 cm was designed to cover the wound and tibia fracture was fixed with minimally invasive internal fixation. After suturing the anterior tibial wound without tension, the flap was transferred forward. The exposed fibula was fixed with reconstruction plate. The remained wound was covered by VSD. Continuously antibiotic saline irrigation was applied postoperatively. After 15 days, the VSD dressing was removed and free skin graft was used to cover the remained wound. ResultsAfter the VSD dressing was removed, the wounds and tension-reduced wound of 18 lower extremities completely healed. Unhealing wounds were covered by skin graft in 9 lower extremities. Infection occurred in 1 lower extremity and was cured after treated with antibiotics. All the wounds healed and flaps survived. The patients were followed up 6-24 months (mean, 18 months). The fractures union was confirmed by X-ray and the average union time was 3.2 months (range, 2.5-5 months). ConclusionThe application of one stage VSD combined with bi-pedicle sliding flap transposition is a simple and safe treatment regimen for Gustilo type II-IIIa open tibiofibular fracture and soft tissue defects of the lower leg. It has the advantages of few complications and low costs, short hospitalization, and good effectiveness.
ObjectiveTo summarize the related research results of open wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO) complicated with lateral hinge fracture. MethodsTo review the relevant literature of OWHTO at home and abroad in recent years and summarize and analyse the clinical experience. ResultsThe lateral hinge rupture may occur during the OWHTO, which may lead to the loss of correction angle after operation, delayed healing or non-union of osteotomy and so on. The lateral hinge plays an important role in the stability of the osteotomy. During the operation, the " safe zone” internal osteotomy can be used to protect the bone. Once the lateral hinge breaks, the TomoFix plate can be used to obtain the sufficient stability. For patients with lateral hinge rupture, functional exercise and full weight loading time should be guided by hinge breakage classification. ConclusionThe intact lateral hinge is beneficial to the healing and rehabilitation of OWHTO. The lateral hinge should be paid enough attention by clinicians.
Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of membrane induction technique in the treatment of Gustilo-Anderson ⅢB type injury of distal femur complicated with bone defect. Methods The clinical data of 20 patients with Gustilo-Anderson ⅢB type injury of distal femur complicated with bone defects admitted between January 2019 and December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed, including 15 males and 5 females, with an average age of 35 years (range, 19-70 years). Causes of injuries included 15 cases of traffic accidents and 5 cases of falling from height. Bone defect located at metaphyseal in 11 cases and at proximal metaphyseal in 9 cases. The time from injury to primary first-stage surgery was 4-28 hours, with an average of 11 hours. After primary radical debridement, the length of bone defect was 3-12 cm, with an average of 6 cm. Antibiotic-containing bone cement was implanted in the bone defect site to induce membrane formation. At 34-56 days (mean, 45 days) after the first-stage surgery, bone grafting was performed in the induced membrane for the repair and reconstruction of bone defects; 16 patients received a combination of autogenous cancellous and allogeneic bone grafts and 4 patients received cancellous bone grafts. The bone graft healing time after the second-stage surgery was recorded; the visual analogue scale (VAS) score and Lysholm score were compared before the second-stage bone graft and at last follow-up to evaluate the pain and functional improvement of the affected limb; and the knee joint range of motion at last follow-up was recorded. Results None of the patients had a second revision after the first-stage surgery, 1 patient recieved flap transfer and the flap survived well after operation. All patients were followed up 12-36 months after the second-stage surgery, with an average of 23 months. All patients achieved bone union, and the bone union time was 7-10 months (mean, 8.4 months). No bone nonunion or donor site related complications occurred. The Lysholm score and VAS score at last follow-up were 85.6±4.1 and 1.7±0.8, respectively, and they were significantly improved when compared with those before the second-stage bone defect repair (42.7±4.6 and 7.1±0.8, respectively) (t=37.410, P<0.001; t=21.962, P<0.001). Knee flexion range of motion was 60°-120°, with an average of 95°; the limit of elongation was 0°-10°, with an average of 5°. ConclusionFor Gustilo-Anderson ⅢB type injury of distal femur complicated with bone defect, induction membrane technique can effectively control infection, promote bone healing of the defect site, and effectively restore the function of lower limbs with satisfactory effectiveness.
ObjectiveTo explore the therapeutic effect of using locking compression plate (LCP) as an external fixator and using an external fixator on open fractures of the tibia. MethodsBetween September 2010 and December 2012, 56 patients with the open tibia fractures underwent external fixation using LCP as an external fixator (LCP group, n=22) or external fixator (external fixator group, n=34). We compared the healing time, the rate of postoperative complication and the postoperative function between two groups. ResultsThe mean healing time was 11 weeks (8-28 weeks) and there was 1 case of delayed healing in the LCP group. The mean healing time was 14 weeks and there was 4 cases of delayed healing in the external fixator group. We found significant difference in the healing time (t=2.740, P=0.008) and the infection rate of pin track (13.6% vs 32.4%; χ2=2.496, P=0.114) between the LCP and external fixator group. ConclusionFor open fractures of the tibia, using LCP as an external fixator may increase the healing time and decrease the rate of postoperative complications.
目的:探讨汶川地震伤中开放性骨折原因分析及治疗策略。方法:回顾性分析280例汶川地震中开放性骨折患者病例,总结骨折原因及治疗方法。结果:患者压砸伤266例,占95%,其他受伤方式约占5%。治疗上急诊行内固定手术者88例,占31%,行外支架固定者69例,占24%,单纯石膏外固定者60例,占21%,截肢患者63例,占22%,63例截肢患者中40例为肢端缺血坏死引起,占14%,15例为肢体毁损引起,占5%,8例为气性坏疽引起,占2%。结论:汶川地震伤中开放性骨折原因多为压砸伤,治疗首先考虑全身治疗,抢救生命,骨折治疗根据Gustilo分度及肢体有无气性坏疽或坏死而进行相应的治疗。又因为地震伤有受伤人群多,受伤时间长,感染严重及救治困难等特点,故应根据病情采取相应的特殊救治方法。
Objective To compare the clinical effect of reamed and nonreamed intramedullary interlocking nails on treating open tibial fractures. Methods From February 2002 to February 2004, 92 cases of open tibial fractures (86 patients) were treated with intramedullary interlocking nails. Of the 86 patients, 65 were male and 21 were female. Their age ranged from 18 to 68 years (36.5 on average). Of the 92 cases, 54 were in the reamed group and 38 in the nonreamed group. Patients moved with the support of crutch after their wounds were healed. Results All patients were followed up regularly for 6 to 24months. Infection rate in the reamed group and nonreamed group was 20.3% and 5.3% respectively, and there was significant difference between them (Ｐlt;0.05). The averagehealing time of the fractures was 22.5 weeks in reamed group and 19 weeks in nonreamed group, and there was no significant difference between them (Ｐ＞0.05). Delayed unions occurred in 8 cases and 3 cases in reamed group and nonreamed group respectively. Conclusion Compared with reamed group, nonreamed intramedullary interlocking nails have lowerinfection rate and fewer delayed unions and ununions.