目的总结截肋引流术在脓胸治疗中的应用价值 方法回顾性分析2008年1月至2013年1月于九原区医院胸外科及大连医科大学附属第二医院胸外科21例脓胸患者的临床资料，其中男15例、女6例，年龄33～65（42.5± 4.5）岁。脓胸位于左侧胸腔9例，右侧胸腔12例。患者均采用截肋引流术进行治疗。 结果21例截肋引流术均获得成功，无围术期死亡病例。术后应用抗菌素7～10 d。术后3～7 d拔除上胸腔引流管。术后10～21 d当胸腔引流液少于20 ml时，将脓腔内引流管引流改为开放引流，23～40 d完全拔出脓腔引流管。术后胸部X线片示18例患者肺膨胀良好，无残腔；3例患者有少量包裹性积液。21例患者均顺利出院。随访6个月至5年，患者症状消失，胸部X线片示肺膨胀良好，无残腔，无复发。 结论截肋引流术是一项安全有效的治疗技术，对于急慢性脓胸均有一定的临床应用价值。
Objective To discuss the value of biliary stent in treatment of malignant biliary obstruction with different pathways of bile duct stent insertion. Methods Fourty-two cases of malignant biliary obstruction whose biliary stent insertions were through operation (n=18), PTCD (n=17) and ERCP (n=7) respectively were reviewed retrospectively. Results The bile duct stents were successfully inserted in all patients through the malignant obstruction and achieved internal biliary drainage. Compared with the level of the bilirubin before operation, it decreased about 100 μmol/L one week after the stent insertion in all patients. Compared with the levels of glutamic oxalacetic transaminase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase, alkaline phosphatase and glutamyltranspeptidase before operation, they decreased 1 week after the stent insertion （Plt;0.05). The median survival time was 22 weeks. The average survival time was (32.89±33.87) weeks. Two patients died in hospital after PTCD, and the mortality was 4.76%. Complications included 8 cases of cholangitis, 3 cases of bile duct hemorrhage and 2 cases of hepatic failure. Conclusion The bile duct stent insertions through operation, PTCD and ERCP are all effective in relieving the bile duct construction with malignant biliary obstruction. Each method should be chosed according to the systemic and local condition for every patient so as to improve the safety and efficiency, and to decrease the occurrence of complications.
目的 探讨急性胰腺炎继发感染的治疗方法。方法 分析总结我院1998～1999年收治的20例胰腺感染患者，采用经后上腰腹膜后引流及灌洗方法治疗的资料。结果 术后并发症： 残余脓肿2例，消化道出血1例，肠瘘4例，胰瘘6例，经治疗后患者全部治愈。结论 该治疗方法残余感染及死亡率低。
ObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy and safety of percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage (PTGBD) combined with early laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) in the treatment of elderly patients with high-risk acute cholecystitis.MethodsThe clinical data of 128 elderly patients with high-risk acute cholecystitis admitted to Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery in Dazhou Central Hospital from January 2015 to January 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 62 patients underwent PTGBD combined with early LC treatment (PTGBD+early LC group), 66 patients underwent PTGBD combined with delayed LC treatment (PTGBD+delayed LC group). Comparison was performed on the operative time, intraoperative blood loss, conversion to laparotomy rate, postoperative indwelling time, postoperative hospitalization time, total hospitalization time, and complication.ResultsPTGBD was successfully performed in all patients, and the symptoms were relieved within 72 hours. There was no significant difference in operative time, intraoperative blood loss, conversion to laparotomy rate, postoperative indwelling time, postoperative hospitalization time, and total complication rate between the two groups (P>0.05), but the total hospitalization time of the PTGBD+early LC group was shorter than that of the PTGBD+delayed LC group (P<0.001). There was no second operation and death in both two groups. The 128 patients were followed-up for 2–50 months with a average of 19 months. Results of follow-up after operation showed that the patients did not complain of obvious abdominal pain, abdominal distension, chills, fever, jaundice, and other discomforts.ConclusionsFor elderly patients with high-risk acute cholecystitis, early LC is a safe and effective treatment for patients with good overall condition after PTGBD. It can not only shorten the total hospitalization time, but also significantly shorten the time of tube-taking and improve the quality of life of patients. It has important clinical application value.
Sixteen cases unresectable carcinoma of the head of the pancreas complicated with jaundice were treated by one stage cholecysto-jejunal and gastro-jejunal loop double anastomosis, the same result of jaundice drainage and prevention of bile reflux were obtained when compared with simple cholecysto-jejunal loop anastomosis, on the other hand, the obstructive symptoms resulting from postoperative cancerous comppression of duodenum and pylorus were avoided as well. The operation is simple with less physiologic disturbance and the patient can lead better postoperative live.
ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of the nose ring drain (NRD) in treatment of severe diabetic foot infection.MethodsThe clinical data of 35 patients with severe diabetic foot infection who were treated with NRD between June 2017 and June 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. There were 24 males and 11 females with an average age of 54.5 years (range, 28-82 years). All of them were type 2 diabetic patients. The diabetes duration was 3-20 years, with an average of 9.4 years. The diabetic foot duration was 4 months to 2 years, with an average of 1.16 years. There were 16 cases of left foot and 19 cases of right foot. According to Wagner’s grading, there were 11 cases of grade 2, 20 cases of grade 3, and 4 cases of grade 4, all of which were moderate and severe infection of diabetic foot wound. Postoperative wounds were treated with “nibble-like” debridement until the patient’s epidermis regenerated and healed. During the treatment process, the indexes of bacterial culture type of wound secretions, duration of antibiotic therapy, wound healing method, healing time, amputation rate, and other indicators were analyzed and summarized.ResultsAll 35 patients were followed up 3-6 months, with an average of 4.5 months. Postoperative bacterial culture of wounds showed that 5 cases of Staphylococcus aureus, 4 cases of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 5 cases of Escherichia coli, 3 cases of Enterobacter cloacae, 3 cases of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, and 15 cases of other types were detected. The duration of antibiotic therapy ranged from 3 to 15 days, with an average of 9.1 days. The wound was autolytically healed without skin grafting, and the healing time was 62-82 days, with an average of 72.3 days. During the follow-up, 3 cases (8.6%) had amputation due to the patient’s poor blood glucose control, which led to a large spread of infection. In addition, among the other patients with wound healing, there was no recurrence of wound infection or new ulcer on the original surface.ConclusionThe NRD is a simple operation for treatment of severe diabetic foot infection, which can effectively control wound infections and promote wound healing and regeneration without skin grafting.
目的:探讨双侧慢性硬膜下血肿(BCSDH)的诊断和治疗。方法:对25例老年患者BCSDH的诊断,治疗资料总结分析,全部病例均行CT/或MRI检查。所有患者皆行颅骨钻孔引流术,其中5例单侧钻孔引流,20例双侧钻孔引流。结果:全部病例均治愈,随访未见复发。结论:CT和MRI检查是BCSDH的最佳诊断手段。钻孔引流是BCSDH的有效治疗方法。
目的:应用微创液化引流术治疗高血压壳核出血的疗效。方法:对120例高血压壳核出血患者,在CT引导下,依据血肿大小、形态及患者病情,选择适宜的穿刺点、方向,行CT平面导向下微创液化引流术,清除血肿。结果:120例患者出院94例,死亡26例,病死率为21.6%。对存活65例患者随访6个月至2年,以日常生活能力(ADL)评估患者神经功能,ADL128例(43％),ADL220例(30.7%)、ADL310例(15.3％)、ADL45例(7.6％)、ADL52例(3.0%)。结论:应用微创液化引流治疗壳核出血,能最大限度地清除血肿,避免或减轻并发症,具有较大优越性。