目的 报道临床药师参与抗结核药物致结核性胸膜炎待诊患者多形红斑型药疹的临床药学实践的经验。 方法 1例结核性胸膜炎待诊患者在2011年11月3日出现皮疹后，临床药师根据患者的用药情况及病情变化，提供咨询意见，与临床医师共同制定不良反应的临床处理措施。 结果 推断为链霉素所致的多形红斑型药疹，积极处理后患者病情好转。 结论 临床药师参与药学监护，有利于处理药物不良反应。
目的 了解2007年-2008年成都地区17家医院消化系统药物的使用状况。 方法 采用限定日剂量（DDD）的方法，对成都地区2007年-2008年17家医院消化系统用药的销售金额、用药频度（DDDs）等进行统计分析。 结果 2007-2008年成都地区17家医院消化系统用药总金额分别为12 527.89万元和16 446.21万元，居所有药物销售总额的第5位。在金额排序和用药频度排序中，抗溃疡药、肝病用药居于前列。 结论 消化系统药物的应用状态与同期的整体增长保持一致，相比上一年略有上涨。抗溃疡药中的质子泵抑制剂以其优异的性价比，引领着消化系统药物销售额的增长。
Objective To assess the effectiveness of exemestane in the treatment of postmenopausal women with breast cancer. Methods We searched The Cochrane Library, PubMed, CBMdisc, and CNKI to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Two reviewers extracted the data and evaluated the quality of included trials, respectively. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.0 software. Results A total of 12 RCTs involving 6 166 participants were included, and the results of meta-analyses showed that: (1) When used in neoadjuvant endocrine therapy after operation, exemestane was more effective in progression-free survival than tamoxifen; (2) When used in rescue therapy, exemestane was more effective in objective response than tamoxifen, but not more effective than letrozole or anastrozole; (3) When used in new neoadjuvant endocrine therapy before operation, exemestane was not more effective than letrozole, and there was too little research about it. Conclusions The current evidence shows that exemestane has certain short-term therapeutic effect, but its long-term therapeutic effect is unknown. More high-quality clinical trials are expected for further study.
ObjectiveTo assess the methods, processes and evaluation criteria of burn models in rats. MethodsDatabases including MEDLINE, EMbase, CBM, CNKI, VIP and WanFang Data were electronically searched from inception to February 2016. The animal studies of burn models development in rats were included. Two reviewers independently screened literatures, extracted data, assessed the quality of included studies, and analyzed the outcomes. ResultsFifteen studies including 38 burn groups were identified. The results indicated:(1) depth of burn:50.00% burn models were partial thickness burn (II°), and 21.05% were full thickness burn (III°). (2) methods of induction:80.00% burn models were developed through high temperature liquid or solid tools. (3) burn sites:93.33% burns were on the back of rats. (4) induction temperature:66.67% induction temperature was between 80℃ and 100℃. (5) induction time:86.67% induction time was between 3 seconds and 100 seconds. (6) anesthesia:40.00% rats were anesthetized with intraperitoneal injection of pentobarbital sodium. (7) skin preparation:60.00% studies reported the skin was prepared by physical and chemical methods. (8) housing post surgery:13.33% studies reported the housing temperature post surgery. (9) intervention post surgery:13.33% studies reported antishock treatment. (10) assessment criteria:almost all studies evaluated the depth of burn through the macroscopic and microcosmic assessment. ConclusionBased on current animal studies, most burn models in rats are partial thickness and full thickness burn on the back of rats. Burn is inducted mainly by 80℃ to 100℃ hot liquid or solid tools within 30 seconds, according with skin preparation, anesthesia, antishock or analgesia management. The depth of burn is evaluated by the macroscopic and microcosmic assessment. However, there is no standard for the methods, processes, assessment and reporting of development of burn model in rats.