Objective Anorexia nervosa is a disorder of high morbidity and significant mortality. The aim of the present review was to evaluate the evidence from randomized controlled trials for the efficacy of outpatient psychotherapies used in the treatment of older adolescents ( aged ＞16 years) and adults with anorexia nervosa. Methods The search strat egy comprised database searches of Medline, EXTRAMED, EMBASE, PSYCLIT, Current Contents, Cochrane Con trolled Trials Register and the Depression and Anxiety Neurosis Cochrane Group ( CCDAN), the search date was Novem ber 2002. A hand-search of The International Journal of Eating Disorders from its first issue up to March 2003, and the ref erence lists of all papers selected. Personal letters were sent to identified leading researchers published in the area, requesting information on trials that are unpublished. All randomized controlled trials of adult individual outpatient therapy for anorexia nervosa, as defined by the DSM-IV or similar international criterion, were included. Quality ratings were made according to the CCDAN criteria. A range of outcome variables were selected, including physical state, severity of eating disorder attitudes and behefs, interpersonal function, and general psychiatric symptom severity. Continuous outcome data comparisons were planned with the standardized mean difference statistic, and binary outcome comparisons planned with the relative risk statistic. Results Six small trials only, two of which included children or adolescents, were identified from the search and aggregation of data was not possible. Bias was possible due to lack of blinding of outcome assessments. The results in two trials suggested that "treatment as usual" or similar may be less efficacious than a specific psychotherapy. No specific treatment was consistently superior to any other specific approach. Dietary advice as a control arm had a 100% non-completion rate in one trial. Conclusions No specific approach can be recommended from this review. It is unclear why "treatment as usual" performed so poorly, or why dietary advice alone appeared so unacceptable. There is an urgent need for large well-designed trials in this area.
ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of posture nursing by specially-assigned person and psychological nursing on patients after vitrectomy combined with intraocular silicone oil tamponade. MethodsFrom February 2012 to February 2013, traditional nursing method or posture nursing by specially-assigned person and psychological nursing was carried out respectively for 140 patients who had undergone vitrectomy and intraocular silicone oil tamponade. Adverse effects and retina reattachment effect were compared between the two nursing methods. ResultsAdverse effects after the surgery were significantly fewer in the experimental group than in the control group (P<0.05). The number of patients with retina reattachment in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). ConclusionPosture nursing by specially-assigned person and psychological nursing reduce postoperative adverse consequences significantly, and achieve the expected operative effect.
Objective To understand the current situation of the care burden of primary caregiver of patients with oral diquat poisoning, analyze its influencing factors, and analyze the mediating effect of psychological resilience in social support and care burden, so as to provide a theoretical basis for further clinical intervention. Methods The primary caregivers of patients with oral diquat poisoning who received treatment at Qilu Hospital of Shandong University between October 2019 and October 2021 were selected. The general information questionnaire, Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI), Connor-davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), and Social Support Revalued Scale (SSRS) were used to investigate the primary caregivers of patients with oral diquat poisoning. The influencing factors of the care burden on primary caregivers were analyzed. Results A total of 218 patients and their primary caregivers were included. The age of the primary caregivers, whether they were an only child, physical condition, educational level, economic income, daily care time, patient’s condition, and patient’s urinary concentration of diquat were the influencing factors of ZBI. The SSRS score of the primary caregiver was 26.97±10.21, the CD-RISC score was 56.95±26.64, and the ZBI score was 52.95±16.06. The burden of care was negatively correlated with social support (r=−0.369, P<0.05), the burden of care was negatively correlated with psychological resilience (r=−0.467, P<0.05), and social support was positively correlated with psychological resilience (r=0.288, P<0.05). The role of psychological resilience in the influence of social support and care burden was partly mediated, accounting for 41.905%. Conclusions The level of social support and psychological resilience of the primary caregivers is low, and the burden of care is heavy. Psychological resilience plays an intermediary role in the social support and care burden of the primary caregivers of patients with oral diquat poisoning. Clinical staff can carry out targeted intervention to improve the level of social support and psychological resilience and reduce the care burden.
Objective To identify the potential factors for psychological burdens and to better understand how the patients’ psychological status affect their treatment preferences. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 996 patients with pulmonary nodules who visited the Thoracic Surgery Clinic of Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital from January to November 2021, including 381 males and 615 females, aged 47.26±11.53 years. A self-administrated questionnaire was used to investigate the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the patients, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to evaluate the psychological status of the patients, with a score>7 points of each subscale indicating potential anxiety or depression. Results Among the 996 patients with pulmonary nodules, the incidence of anxiety was 42.4% and the incidence of depression was 26.4%, while the incidence of both anxiety and depression was 24.7%. There was a significant correlation between anxiety and depression (ρ=0.834, P<0.05). Age, purpose of CT examination, number of pulmonary nodules and symptoms were independent factors for anxiety, while symptoms and number of pulmonary nodules were independent factors for depression (P<0.05). For treatment preferences, there was a statistical difference in educational level, symptoms, nodule size and anxiety level (P<0.05). Conclusion Anxiety and depression are common in patients with pulmonary nodules. Symptoms are associated with anxiety and depression, which also make an impact on treatment preferences.
With the post-disaster psychological crisis has aroused wide attention, psychological first aid which can relieve psychological trauma and prevent post-traumatic disorder has been valued by many countries. However, mainly domestic psychological first aid training is simply theoretical training while its popularizing rate is low, it is urgent to learn from international experience to carry out more effective psychological first aid training. In the context of combination of medicine and industry, the paper majorly embodied virtual simulation’s potential in improving psychological intervention ability, deep learning level and self-efficacy. Furthermore, the paper analyzed and illustrated theoretical basis and function module of constructing psychological first aid training platform in detail, and prospected further improvement, which laid foundations for follow-up studies.
In this paper, the response of individual's physiological system under psychological stress state is discussed, and the theoretical support for psychological stress assessment research is provided. The two methods, i.e. the psychological stress assessment of questionnaire and physiological parameter assessment used for current psychological stress assessment are summarized. Then, the future trend of development of psychological stress assessment research is pointed out. We hope that this work could do and provide further support and help to psychological stress assessment studies.
Shortly after the earthquake in Min county and Zhang county, the department of health of Gansu province immediately established a leadership team for earthquake relief and medical rescue, subordinated by psychological crisis intervention teams, which was responsible for training relevant personnel to carry out psychological intervention, and spreading related knowledge about earthquake. Then, emergency psychological intervention was provided for the key population (more than 90 times in total, involving 8 194 person-times). We also offered individualized psychological services (617 person-times), and diagnosed 31 patients with mental disorders through consultation. After the earthquake, the emotion of victims including depression, anxiety and acute stress disorder increased. The workload of psychological crisis intervention after earthquake was heavy and hard. However, Gansu province needs national support due to poor resources.