Objective To analyze the expression of H2A histone family, member X (H2AFX) gene in lung adenocarcinoma and its influence on prognosis. Methods We analyzed the expression level of H2AFX gene in the tumor tissues (497 cases) and normal adjacent tissues (54 cases) of lung adenocarcinoma patients via The Cancer Genome Atlas. The patients were divided into high expression group and low expression group according to the expression level of H2AFX gene in lung adenocarcinoma samples. The relationship between H2AFX and clinicopathological features of patients was analyzed through logistic regression. Kaplan-Meier survival curve and log-rank test were used to study the correlation between H2AFX expression and the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma patients. Univariate and multiple Cox regression analyses were performed to determine the prognostic significance of H2AFX expression in lung adenocarcinoma patients. The research also covered H2AFX-related pathways of genes in the development of lung adenocarcinoma with gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Results The H2AFX expression was higher in lung adenocarcinoma tissues than that in normal adjacent tissues (P<0.001). Besides, it was significantly correlated with age (P<0.001), T staging (P=0.007), and N staging (P=0.010), but had little to do with M staging or gender (P>0.05). Kaplan-Meier survival curve and log-rank test showed that the survival rate of patients with high H2AFX expression was vastly lower than that of patients with low H2AFX expression (P<0.001). Multiple Cox regression analysis demonstrated that H2AFX could be an independent prognostic factor for lung adenocarcinoma [hazard ratio=1.41, 95% confidence interval (1.11, 1.78), P=0.004]. The results of GSEA displayed that H2AFX was involved in cell cycle, homologous recombination, DNA replication, base excision and repair, spliceosome, mismatch repair, p53 signaling pathway, nucleotide excision and repair, RNA degradation, RNA polymerase, and other pathways. Conclusions The expression of H2AFX gene is high in lung adenocarcinoma, and closely connected to the prognosis, occurrence, and evolution of lung adenocarcinoma. This gene can be one of the new molecular markers and therapeutic targets for lung adenocarcinoma.
Objective To analyze the relationship between the residence and oncological characteristics of colorectal patients served by Sichuan University West China Hospital as a regional center in the current version of the Database from Colorectal Cancer (DACCA). Methods The DACCA version selected for this data analysis was the updated version on January 5, 2022. The data items analyzed included: residence, precancerous lesions, family history of cancer, tumor location, tumor morphology, tumor orientation, tumor pathology, tumor differentiation and preoperative TNM staging. According to the regional distribution of colorectal cancer patients' residence in the database, they were divided into Sichuan group and non-Sichuan group, and the Sichuan group was further divided into Sichuan-Chengdu group and Sichuan-non-Chengdu group. Results The DACCA database was filtered by conditions to obtain 7 232 valid data. ① The composition ratio of precancerous lesions in different places of residence: The difference between the Sichuan group and the non-Sichuan group was statistically significant (χ2=14.462, P=0.003), and the difference between the Sichuan-Chengdu group and the Sichuan-non-Chengdu group was not statistically significant (χ2=7.591, P=0.101). ② Composition ratio of family history of cancer in different places of residence: In the family history of cancer in oneself, the difference between Sichuan group and non-Sichuan group as well as between Sichuan-Chengdu group and Sichuan-non-Chengdu group were not statistically significant (χ2=1.121, P=0.606; χ2=1.047, P=0.621). In the family history of cancer in relatives, the differences in the composition ratio of different tumor histories between the Sichuan group and the non-Sichuan group, and between the Sichuan-Chengdu group and the Sichuan-non-Chengdu group were not statistically significant (χ2=0.813, P=0.692; χ2=2.696, P=0.262). ③ Tumor site composition ratios in different places of residence: The difference between Sichuan group and non-Sichuan group was not statistically significant (χ2=0.476, P=0.490), and the difference between Sichuan-Chengdu group and Sichuan-non-Chengdu group was statistically significant (χ2=36.216, P<0.001). ④ Tumor morphology composition ratio in different places of residence: The difference between Sichuan group and non-Sichuan group was statistically significant (χ2=19.560, P<0.001), and the difference between Sichuan-Chengdu group and Sichuan-non-Chengdu group was not statistically significant (χ2=5.377, P=0.247). ⑤ Composition ratio of tumor orientation in different places of residence: The differences in composition ratio of tumor orientation between Sichuan group and non-Sichuan group and between Sichuan-Chengdu group and Sichuan-non-Chengdu group were statistically significant (χ2=17.484, P=0.005; χ2=26.820, P<0.001). ⑥ Composition ratio of tumor pathological properties under different residence: The differences in the comparison of pathological properties between Sichuan group and non-Sichuan group as well as between Sichuan-Chengdu group and Sichuan-non-Chengdu group of CRC patients were not statistically significant (χ2=8.136, P=0.408; χ2=7.278, P=0.506). ⑦ Composition ratio of tumor differentiation degree under different residence groupings: the differences in the composition ratio of tumors with different degrees of differentiation were not statistically significant between Sichuan group and non-Sichuan group, and between Sichuan-Chengdu group and Sichuan-non-Chengdu group (H=0.289, P=0.591; H=0.156, P=0.693). ⑧ The composition ratio of TNM staging of tumors before operation in different places of residence: between the Sichuan group and the non-Sichuan group, the difference in the composition ratio of preoperative TNM staging of CRC patients was statistically significant (H=8.023, P=0.005); between the Sichuan-Chengdu group and the Sichuan-non-Chengdu group, the difference in the composition ratio of preoperative TNM staging of CRC patients was not statistically significant (H=0.218, P=0.640). Conclusions Data analysis in DACCA reveal multiple associations between the place of residence and oncological characteristics of CRC patients. There are differences in the composition of the types of precancerous lesions among CRC patients in different places of residence. The proportion of CRC is higher in the family history of cancer. In terms of the site of tumor occurrence, the proportion of tumors located in the rectum is higher than that in the colon. In the composition of tumor morphology in all regions, the ulcerative type is the most frequent. The composition of tumor orientation is different in patients with CRC, and those who has involved a circle of the intestinal wall are the most frequent. Most CRC patients are already in middle or late stage when the tumor is discovered, and the proportion of middle or late stage patients in non-Sichuan provinces was even higher.
ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical research development of dementia in the UK Biobank database in SCIE and PubMed. MethodsThe literatures of dementia in the UK Biobank database published in SCIE and PubMed from January 1, 2018 to November 30, 2022 were searched, and the number of articles, publishing institutions, journals, citations, authors and keywords were statistically analyzed. ResultsA total of 279 papers were included, and the number of papers presented an annual growth trend. The United Kingdom has the largest number of publications, the United States journals have the greatest influence, and China has the third largest number of publications. Springer Nature from Germany published the most papers, with the largest number of 47 papers. Among the authors, Yu JT from China published the most, with 11 articles, and the most major keyword in the research content is Alzheimer. ConclusionThe literatures of dementia in the UK Biobank-related field included in SCIE and PubMed databases show an increasing trend year by year, mainly in English, and the core author group has not yet formed. The papers published by Chinese scholars are concentrated in 2020-2022, and there are few transnational cooperative papers.
ObjectiveTo investigate the prognostic factors of primary gastric squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and develop a nomogram for predicting the survival of gastric SCC.MethodsData of 199 cases of primary gastric SCC from 2004 to 2015 were collected in the National Cancer Institute SEER database by SEER Stat 8.3.5 software. X-tile software was used to determine the best cut-off value of the age, SPSS 25.0 software was used to analyze the prognostic factors of gastric SCC and draw a Kaplan-Meier curve, and then the Cox proportional hazard regression model analysis was performed to obtain independent prognostic factors of gastric SCC. We used R studio software to visualize the model and draw a nomogram. C-index was used to evaluate the prediction effect of the nomogram. Bootstrap analyses with 1 000 resamples were applied to complete the internal verification of the nomogram.ResultsAmong the 199 patients, survival rates for 1-, 3-, and 5-year were 40.7%, 22.4%, and 15.4%, respectively. Age (χ2=6.886, P=0.009), primary site (χ2=14.918, P=0.037), race (χ2=7.668, P=0.022), surgery (χ2=16.523, P<0.001), histologic type (χ2=9.372, P=0.009), T stage (χ2=11.639, P=0.009), and M stage (χ2=31.091, P<0.001) had a significant correlation with survival time of patients. The results of the Cox proportional hazard regression model showed that, age [HR=1.831, 95%CI was (1.289, 2.601)], primary site [HR=1.105, 95%CI was (1.019, 1.199)], M stage [HR=2.222, 95%CI was (1.552, 3.179)], and surgery [HR=0.561, 95%CI was (0.377, 0.835)] were independent prognostic factors affecting the survival of gastric SCC. Four independent prognostic factors contributed to constructing a nomogram with a C-index of 0.700.ConclusionIn this research, a reliable predictive model is constructed and drawn into a nomogram, which can be used for clinical reference.
ObjectiveTo construct a model for predicting prognosis risk in patients with pancreatic malignancy (PM).MethodsThe clinicopathological data of 8 763 patients with PM undergone resection between 2010 and 2015 were collected and analyzed by SEER*Stat (v8.3.5) and R software, respectively. The univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis were used to analyze the factors for predicting prognosis outcome risk and constructed the nomograms of patients with PM, respectively. Kaplan-Meier method was used to evaluate the survival of patients according to relevant factors and the high risk group and low risk group of patients with PM. The discriminative ability and calibration of the nomograms to predict overall survival were tested by using C-index, area under ROC curve (AUC) and calibration plots.ResultsThe multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis showed that age, T staging, N staging, M staging, histological type, the differentiation, number of regional lymph node dissection, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy were independent factors for predicting the prognosis of patients with PM (P<0.05). Based on regression analysis of patients with PM, a nomograms model for predicting the risk of patients with PM was established, including age, T staging, N staging, M staging, histological type, the differentiation, tumor location, type of surgery, number of regional lymph node dissection, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. The discriminative ability and calibration of the nomograms revealed good predictive ability as indicated by the C-index (0.747 for modeling group and 0.734 for verification group). The 3- and 5-year survival AUC values of the modeling group were 0.766 and 0.781, and the validation group were 0.758 and 0.783, respectively. The calibration plots showed that predictive value of the 3- and 5-year survival were close to the actual values in both modeling group and the verification group. ConclusionsIndependent predictors of survival risk after curative-intent surgery for PM were selected to create nomograms for predicting overall survival. The nomograms provide a basis for judging the prognosis of PM patients.
ObjectiveTo establish and validate a predictive nomogram for predicting the risk of distant metastasis in colorectal signet-ring cell carcinoma based on the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical and pathological data of patients diagnosed with colorectal signet-ring cell carcinoma in the SEER database from 2004 to 2015, and they were randomly divided into training and validation sets at a ratio of 7∶3. Independent risk factors for distant metastasis (DM) in colorectal signet-ring cell carcinoma were screened out in the training set through univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis, and a nomogram was constructed. The area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to evaluate the discrimination, calibration, and clinical utility of the nomogram model. ResultsA total of 2 595 patients with colorectal signet-ring cell carcinoma were included, of whom 1 022 (39.4%) had DM. According to the univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis, gender, age, T stage, N stage, surgical treatment, radiotherapy and chemotherapy were independent risk factors for DM of colorectal signet-ring cell carcinoma (P<0.05). Based on the above independent risk factors, a nomogram for DM of colorectal signet-ring cell carcinoma was constructed. The nomogram AUC of the ROC was 0.78 [ 95%CI (0.76, 0.80) ] and 0.77 [ 95%CI (0.74,0.81) ] in the training and validation sets, respectively. The calibration curves showed a good fit in the training and validation sets, with the Hosmer-Lemeshow test results being χ2=9.43, P=0.31 and χ2=12.47, P=0.13, respectively. The DCA curves showed that the model had a net benefit when the threshold probabilities of the training and validation sets were in the range of 10%–95% and 11%–990%, respectively. ConclusionThe nomogram constructed in this study exhibits higher accuracy and reliability, and can be used for early intervention and risk prediction of DM in colorectal signet-ring cell carcinoma.
ObjectiveTo analyze the factors affecting the prognosis of patients with primary tracheal malignancy, and establish a nomogram model for prediction its prognosis.MethodsA total of 557 patients diagnosed with primary tracheal malignancy from 1975 to 2016 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Data were collected. The factors affecting the overall survival rate of primary tracheal malignancy were screened and modeled by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis. The nomogram prediction model was performed by R 3.6.2 software. Using the C-index, calibration curves and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to evaluate the consistency and predictive ability of the nomogram prediction model.ResultsThe median survival time of 557 patients with primary tracheal malignancy was 21 months, and overall survival rates of the 1-year, 3-year and 5-year were 59.1%±2.1%, 42.5%±2.1%, and 35.4%±2.2%. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that age, histology, surgery, radiotherapy, tumor size, tumor extension and the range of lymph node involvement were independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients with primary tracheal malignancy (P<0.05). Based on the above 7 risk factors to establish the nomogram prediction model, the C-index was 0.775 (95%CI 0.751-0.799). The calibration curve showed that the prediction model established in this study had a good agreement with the actual survival rate of the 1 year, 3 year and 5 years. The area under curve of 1-year, 3-year and 5-year predicting overall survival rates was 0.837, 0.827 and 0.836, which showed that the model had a high predictive power.ConclusionThe nomogram prediction model established in this study has a good predictive ability, high discrimination and accuracy, and high clinical value. It is useful for the screening of high-risk groups and the formulation of personalized diagnosis and treatment plans, and can be used as an evaluation tool for prognostic monitoring of patients with primary tracheal malignancy.
Objective To analyze the relationship between age and tumor characteristics of colorectal patients served by West China Hospital of Sichuan University as a regional center in the current version of Database from Colorectal Cancer (DACCA). Methods The data of DACCA was updated on January 5, 2022. All data items included age, precancerous lesions, family history of cancer, tumor site, distance of tumor from dentate line, tumor morphology, location, pathological properties of tumor, differentiation, and preoperative TNM stage. The patients were divided into three groups according to the age segment proposed by the United Nations World Health Organization (WHO): 35 years old and below (including infant, infant, child, teenager and youth, young group), 35 to 59 years old (middle-aged group), and 60 years old and above (elderly group). Results After scanning, 7 856 data rows were analyzed. ① There was significant difference in the composition ratio of precancerous lesions with or without among different age groups (χ2=6.219, P=0.045), and the constituent ratio of various precancerous lesions in different age groups was also statistically significant (χ2=51.698, P<0.001). ② There was significant difference in the composition ratio of family history of cancer with or without among different age groups (χ2=50.212, P<0.001), and there was significant difference in the composition ratio of different tumor history among different age groups (χ2=9.880, P=0.027), and there was significant difference in the constituent ratio of various tumor history among relatives in different age groups (χ2=16.138, P=0.003). ③ There were significant differences in the number of primary cancers among different age groups (χ2=12.973, P=0.036). In all patients with single primary rectal cancer, the constituent ratio of different rectal tumor sites among different age groups was statistically significant (χ2=43.817, P<0.001), and in all patients with single primary colon cancer, there was significant difference in the composition ratio of different colon tumor sites between different age groups (χ2=86.704, P<0.001). ④ The distance of tumor from dentate line was statistically significant in different age groups (H=28.589, P<0.001). ⑤ There was no significant difference in the composition ratio of tumor location among different age groups (χ2=14.795, P=0.140). ⑥ There was significant difference in the composition ratio of pathological properties of tumor among different age groups (χ2=121.387, P<0.001). ⑦ The proportion of tumor morphology was significantly different among different age groups (χ2=89.719, P<0.001). ⑧ There were significant differences in differentiation degree of tumor among different age groups (H=43.544, P<0.001). ⑨ There was statistically significant difference in preoperative TNM stage of colorectal cancer among different age groups (H=7.547, P=0.023). Conclusions Preoperative tumor characteristics of colorectal cancer patients are associated with age at diagnosis. Most young colorectal cancer patients do not have precancerous lesions, and once precancerous lesions are present, familial adenomatous polyposis is more common. Younger patients with colorectal cancer also have a higher percentage of relatives with a family history of cancer with colorectal cancer. From the perspective of tumor location, the proportion of single primary cancer in young colorectal cancer is higher than that in middle-aged and elderly patients. Younger patients with rectal cancer have a lower distance of tumor from dentate line, a higher proportion of low differentiated malignant tumors, and a relatively later neoplasm staging.