ObjectiveTo summarize the current comparison of the efficacy of different treatments for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma.MethodTo search the literatures about the comparative studies on the efficacy of different treatments for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma in recent years and analyze them.ResultsIn the treatment of recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma, percutaneous arterial chemoembolization combined with radiofrequency ablation could improve the survival rate and tumor-free survival rate to some extent, compared with the single use of percutaneous arterial chemoembolization. In the short term, there was no difference in efficacy between radiofrequency ablation and surgical resection, but the local recurrence rate of radiofrequency ablation was higher than that of surgical resection group. Salvage liver transplantation offered potential opportunity to reduce the risk of recurrence and tended to improve long-term survival outcomes, but liver sources were scarce and costly. ConclusionsAt present, there is no systematic staging scheme and treatment system for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma. At the same time, most studies are retrospective, and more prospective studies are needed to further explore the treatment of recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma.
Objective To investigate the immunoregulatory effects of immunonutrient ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and its applications in organ transplantation. Methods Relevant literatures of recent years were reviewed. Results The immunoregulatory effects of ω-3 PUFA can inhibit proliferation and activation of the immunocompetent cells including T cell and B cell, reduce cytokine production, modulate immunologic response, improve graft function, pro-long survival, reduce episodes of rejection, and lessen adverse reactions of immunosuppressor.Conclusion ω-3 PUFA should have wide applications in organ transplantation due to its immunoregulatory effects. However, this research should be further studied.
Objective To investigate the clinical outlook of hepatic stem cells and its relations with liver cancer. Methods The literatures of recent years on the studies of hepatic stem cells were reviewed. Results Liver cancer may consist of cells of various differentiation grades and it may result from the perodifferentiated hepatic stem cells or abnormal differentiated cells. Conclusion The hypothesis of hepatic stem cells has been identified extensively. Further study maybe helpful for revealing the origin, carcinogenesis of hepatic cancer, and may also be useful for the understanding of the mechanism of metastasis.
目的:探讨超声检查在腹部闭合性损伤内脏破裂出血的应用价值。方法:对92例腹部闭合性损伤内脏破裂出血患者进行全面、细致的超声检查,并收集其手术、病理结果。结果:本组病例超声与手术结果完全相符者83例(占90.2%),基本相符者6例(占6.5%),漏诊3例(占3.3%)。其中脾破裂49例,肝破裂16例,肾破裂14例,胰腺损伤1例,肠破裂6例,复合性内脏破裂6例。92例患者均伴有腹腔积液,超声检出率100％(92／92)。结论:超声能迅速、较准确地对腹部闭合性损伤内脏破裂出血作出诊断,尤其诊断实质性脏器破裂比空腔脏器破裂更有特异性,具有重要的临床价值。
Objective To review the development of the liver stem cell transplant for the liver regenerative treatment. Methods The transplantationrelated articles about the stem cell classification, repairing mechanisms, administration routes, and existing problems in the liver regenerative therapies reported in the latest literature were extensively reviewed. Results The related liverrepairing stem cells were found to be inside and outside the liver, i.e., the hepatic stem cells and the nonhepatic stem cells. They could repair the liver by the mechanism of the cell fusion or the celltransdifferentiation. The stem cells could be administrated via the portal vein. However, the application of the liver stem cell transplant was restricted by many related clinical problems. Conclusion Further studies are still needed for an improvement of the clinical feasibility for the stem cell transplantation, especially for the liver stem cell transplantation.
【Abstract】ObjectiveTo facilitate a better understanding of the progress in the research, diagnosis and treatment of PeutzJeghers syndrome (PJS).MethodsAlmost all the papers related to PJS from various magazines published in English and Chinese in recent years were reviewed. Current progresses in PJS research and related diagnosis and treatment were discussed in this review.ResultsPJS is a rare inherited disease with autosomal dominant trait, which is characterized by the presence of hamartomatous gastrointestinal polyps and mucocutaneous pigmentation of the lips, buccal mucosa, and digits. This syndrome is commonly complicated with intestinal obstruction, bleeding, or intussusception,and patients with this disease are at high risk for the development of both GI and extraintestinal malignancies. STK11 on chromosome 19p13.3 are responsible for most cases of PJS. The polyps of PJS tend to have a high incidence of malignant change, and the recurrence of malignancy after treatment is also high. ConclusionThe STK11 has been identified as one of the main genes responsible for PJS and has close correlation with formation and development of tumors. Patients with PJS are at high risk for the development of both GI and extraintestinal malignancies.