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The Affecting Factors on Sinus Rhythms Maintenance after Electric Cardioversion for Atrial Fibrillation in Patients after Cardiac Valve Replacement

Objective To explore the affecting factors on sinus rhythm maintenance after electric cardioversion for patients with atrial fibrillation (Af) after cardiac valve replacement. Methods One hundred fifty two valvular disease patients with Af after cardiac valve replacement were randomized to 2 groups: Amiodarone group and control group (without anti arrhythmic drugs) after cardioversion. Af recurrence was observed during one year follow up. Results (1) No significant difference of Af recurrence betwe...

风湿性二尖瓣、主动脉瓣与三尖瓣联合病变的外科治疗

目的总结心脏联合瓣膜病变外科治疗的经验。方法227例风湿性二尖瓣、主动脉瓣与三尖瓣联合瓣膜病变患者，术前心功能Ⅱ级31例，Ⅲ级132例，Ⅳ级64例，行主动脉瓣、二尖瓣双瓣膜置换术（DVR）106例，DVR＋三尖瓣置换术2例，DVR＋三尖瓣成形术119例；同期行左心房血栓摘除术62例，左心房折叠术8例，改良迷宫手术2例。结果术后早期死亡10例，其中死于心力衰竭6例，心搏骤停2例，细菌性心内膜炎1例，药物过敏1例，其余217例患者治愈出院。随访181例，随访时间3个月～13年，心功能Ⅰ～Ⅱ级149例，Ⅲ级23例，Ⅳ级9例；其中1例因心力衰竭死亡。结论幼年期即出现明显心功能不全的联合心脏瓣膜病变患者，于中年就诊时要慎重手术；作三尖瓣成形术前，应常规测试瓣膜关闭不全部位，再酌情选择成形术式；术前给予强心利尿等治疗，使心功能明显改善后再行手术治疗，有利于心功能的恢复；出院后定期随访，继续给予药物治疗，保护心功能。

重症心脏瓣膜病合并巨大左心室患者的外科治疗

Current issues should be emphasized on preoperative evaluation of heart valvular disease

Preoperative evaluation is crucial for heart valvular surgery. This article discusses some issues that need to be emphasized: the impact of hypertension on the severity of aortic valve lesions, and how to improve the accuracy of clinical assessment; the identification of functional tricuspid regurgitation, in order to choose the appropriate surgical technique; the need for right ventricular function testing, and the use of risk scoring models, to better grasp surgical timing and indications and improve efficacy; and the importance of evaluating atrial mitral and/or tricuspid regurgitation complications in chronic atrial fibrillation, and making rational choices for interventional and surgical treatment.

Research progress on the quality of life in patients after cardiac valve replacement

Valvular heart disease is one of the common diseases in cardiac surgery. Surgery is the main treatment for valvular heart disease. Cardiac valve replacement surgery corrects the disordered haemodynamics, but the quality life of patients may be affected by multiple factors, such as the disease itself, treatment measures, long-term postoperative anticoagulant and follow-up. This article will provide an overview of the quality of life (origin and definition, evaluation) and the quality of life of patients after cardiac valve replacement (the purpose and significance of quality of life assessment, the quality of life of patients after cardiac valve replacement at different times and different dimensions, influencing factors of the quality of life of patients after surgery), aiming to provide clinical evidence for patients to make decisions before surgery and for clinical medical staff to take intervention measures for patients after surgery.

合并心脏恶病质瓣膜病的外科治疗

目的 为提高合并心脏恶病质瓣膜病患者外科治疗的成功率，探讨其围术期处理的特点。方法 符合心脏恶病质综合征诊断标准的21例心瓣膜病患者接受了手术治疗，其中二尖瓣置换术14例，主动脉瓣及二尖瓣置换术7例，同时三尖瓣成形术16例。结果 发生并发症13例，分别为低心排血量综合征、室性心律失常和多器官功能衰竭等；死亡6例，主要死亡原因为多器官功能衰竭。结论 合并心脏恶病质瓣膜病患者的外科治疗应注意围术期处理；术中应重视三尖瓣功能纠正及左、右心房折叠；术后注意低心排血量的治疗，积极防治多器官功能衰竭，加强营养支持。

心瓣膜置换术的影响因素分析

目的 探讨心瓣膜置换术的危险因素，以提高手术治愈率。 方法 回顾性分析2005年1月至2007年12月我院施行507例心瓣膜置换术患者的临床资料，其中男236例，女271例；病种为风湿性心脏病394例，先天性心脏病87例，退行性病变19例，细菌性心内膜炎6例，梅毒1例。对心瓣膜置换术的潜在危险因素进行单因素分析，采用logistic回归进行多因素分析。 结果 术后顺利恢复482例（95.0%）；术后发生并发症25例，其中治愈16例，死亡9例，病死率1.77%；治愈498例（98.22%）。随访480例，随访率96.38%（480/498），其中心功能Ⅰ级182例，Ⅱ级298例。经对列表进行单因素分析及多因素logistic回归分析结果，心功能Ⅳ级，年龄≥70岁，合并慢性阻塞性肺病，合并肾功能不全，左心室舒张期末内径(LVEDD)≥70 mm,心瓣膜置换术＋冠状动脉旁路移植术（CABG）,二次手术，主动脉阻断时间＞2 h,体外循环时间＞3 h是影响心瓣膜置换术的独立危险因素。 结论 临床工作中重视影响心瓣膜置术的独立危险因素的处理，对提高其疗效有重要意义。

Application Value of Intraoperative Epicardial Echocardiography in Cardiac Surgery

Objective To investigate the effect of applying intraoperative epicardial echocardiography (IEE) on preoperative monitoring and evaluating the clinical result of cardiac surgery. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 248 patients treated in the Affiliated 105 Hospital of People’s Liberation Army and the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from June 2008 to May 2015. There were 108 males and 140 females. The age ranged from 7 months to 71 years. There were 113 patients diagnosed with the congenital heart disease (CHD) at the mean age of 11.89±14.74 years. There were 135 patients diagnosed with valvular heart disease at the mean age of 47.20±14.57 years. All patients underwent IEE during operation. Results In 113 patients with CHD, we found new deformities and corrected preoperative diagnosis before cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and we identified surgical complications after CPB by IEE. Other deformities and left atrial thrombus were found in 135 patients with valvular heart disease by IEE before CPB. After CPB, paravalvular leak and mitral regurgitation were found, therefore we took action immediately. Conclusions IEE can improve the preoperative diagnosis and reduce perioperative complications, which has value of application during cardiac surgery.

Research progress on the treatment for aging lung transplantation recipients with cardiovascular disease

As the aging proceeds worldwide, aging lung transplantation recipients have been increased dramatically. Aging population with end-stage lung diseases also have comorbidities, such as cardiovascular disease, which may impact the prognosis of lung transplantation. Recent researches on lung transplantation have explored the characteristics of aging recipients, strategy selection on transplantation and cardiovascular disease management, as well as risk factors for post-transplantation complications and death. However, researches on lung transplantation recipients with cardiac valve disease are just in the initial stage. With the advancement of transcatheter technique, more patients will be benefited. We summarized the advancement in this field and took an outlook for future clinical researches.

60岁以上心瓣膜病患者的外科治疗与随访

目的 总结≥60岁心瓣膜病患者的外科治疗经验及随访结果，以提高手术疗效。 方法 2000年7月至2008年12月, 86例≥60岁的心瓣膜病患者接受了心瓣膜置换术治疗，其中男43例，女43例；年龄60~74岁，平均年龄63.8岁。二尖瓣病变55例，主动脉瓣病变9例，二尖瓣及主动脉瓣双瓣膜病变21例，三尖瓣病变1例；风湿性心瓣膜病65例，退行性心瓣膜病21例。心房颤动59例，窦性心律27例。心功能分级(NYHA)Ⅲ级79例，Ⅳ级7例。行二尖瓣置换术55例，双瓣膜置换术21例，主动脉瓣置换术9例，二尖瓣置换术后三尖瓣置换术1例；同期行三尖瓣成形术16例，改良射频迷宫术8例，左心房血栓清除术7例。 结果 围术期因心律失常死亡1例。术后有3例患者因胸骨哆开而再次行胸骨固定术，１例患者因瓣周漏而再次行心瓣膜置换术，3例患者因呼吸功能不全行气管切开术。85例患者均治愈出院。术后左心房内径（51.1±13.8 mm vs.56.2±17.2 mm,P=0.001）和右心房内径(48.8±9.6 mm vs. 52.1±13.9 mm,P=0.012)较术前明显缩小，左心室、右心室内径、射血分数和缩短分数与术前比较差异均无统计学意义（Pgt;0.05）。随访84例，随访时间2~96个月(24±22个月)，失访1例。随访期间有1例患者于术后5个月因抗凝强度不足发生左心房血栓，经治疗后血栓消失；另1例术后6年因抗凝强度不足发生脑梗死，经住院治疗肢体偏瘫未能恢复。 结论 只要适当把握手术指征和手术时机，注重术前准备及围术期处理，对≥60岁患者行心瓣膜置换术效果良好。术后与抗凝有关的主要问题为抗凝不足。对这些患者术后应加强国际标准化比率(INR)监测及持续的心功能调整。