ObjectiveTo summarize the applied research status on the evaluation tools of patient-reported outcome at home and abroad in patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE). MethodBy searching and analyzing the literatures, this paper summarized the concept, evaluation tools and application status of patient-reported outcome in the field of VTE. ResultsThe patient-reported outcomes can more comprehensively and accurately evaluate the disease burden and treatment effect of patients with venous thromboembolism, and can help doctors better understand patients' needs and guide individualized treatment and rehabilitation plans. ConclusionsPatient-reported outcome has a broad application prospect in the field of venous thromboembolism. Further promotion and application of patient-reported outcome can promote the development of medical research and provide reference guidelines for improving the management of patients with venous thromboembolism.
ObjectiveTo summarize the research status and biological characteristics of stromal fibroblast in breast cancer. MethodsRelevant literatures about the breast cancer stromal fibroblasts published recently were collected and reviewed. ResultsIn addition to cancer cells, breast cancer included stromal cells. The fibroblasts were the major components of breast cancer stromal, which had significantly different biological characteristics from normal fibroblasts. The fibroblasts were characterized by α-SMA positive, p53 gene mutation, secretion of various cytokines or chemokines in addition to the production of collagen substances, involving in breast cancer growth, migration, invasion and metastasis through a variety of signaling pathways. ConclusionThe biological characteristics of stromal fibroblasts in breast cancer may reflect lesion properties, be of great importance to diagnosis and differential diagnosis and prognosis prediction of breast cancer. More attentions will be paid to the target therapy for stromal fibroblasts in breast cancer.
Objectives To analyze the status quo of projects on pension services funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), with the aim of enlarging the perspective and horizon of related studies, and improving both the quantity and quality of such projects in NSFC. Methods NSFC website was systematically searched to collect information of pension service projects funded by NSFC from 2008 to 2017. SPSS 19.0 software was subsequently applied to analyze the characteristics of the projects in terms of study type, regional distribution, profession and institution, and fund scale, etc. Results A total of 39 projects on pension service were included, among which 12 were focused on related strategies (30.8%), 11 on related models (28.2%), and 6 on the effects of different interventions (15.4%). The 39 projects were unbalanced in terms of geographical distribution, institutions and research types. Conclusions NSFC should facilitate the research of pension service by expanding the related fund scale, increasing the fund support, strengthening the exchange of domestically different regions, and enhancing international cooperation.
Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) have become one of the cutting-edge technologies in the world, and have been mainly applicated in medicine. In this article, we sorted out the development history and important scenarios of BCIs in medical application, analyzed the research progress, technology development, clinical transformation and product market through qualitative and quantitative analysis, and looked forward to the future trends. The results showed that the research hotspots included the processing and interpretation of electroencephalogram (EEG) signals, the development and application of machine learning algorithms, and the detection and treatment of neurological diseases. The technological key points included hardware development such as new electrodes, software development such as algorithms for EEG signal processing, and various medical applications such as rehabilitation and training in stroke patients. Currently, several invasive and non-invasive BCIs are in research. The R&D level of BCIs in China and the United State is leading the world, and have approved a number of non-invasive BCIs. In the future, BCIs will be applied to a wider range of medical fields. Related products will develop shift from a single mode to a combined mode. EEG signal acquisition devices will be miniaturized and wireless. The information flow and interaction between brain and machine will give birth to brain-machine fusion intelligence. Last but not least, the safety and ethical issues of BCIs will be taken seriously, and the relevant regulations and standards will be further improved.
Objective To analyze the current research status, hotspots and development trends in the field of evidence-based health policy briefs at home and abroad. Methods Computer searches of Web of Science Core Collection and CNKI databases for studies related to evidence-based health policy briefs were conducted, and the timeframe of the searches was from the establishment of the databases to August 6, 2024. Charticular, VOSviewer and CiteSpace software were used to visualize and analyze the countries, institutions, journals, authors and keywords of the included literature. Results A total of 145 relevant studies were included, of which 141 were in English and 4 were in Chinese. The number of articles in English showed an overall increasing trend; the country with the largest number of articles was the United States; the organization with the largest number of articles was the World Health Organization; the journal with the largest number of articles was Frontiers in Public Health; and the hot keywords in recent years focused on the food and nutritional safety system, cardiovascular disease, obesity, impact, and public health policy. The research related to "healthcare" and "knowledge translation" is expected to become a frontier hotspot. The number of Chinese studies was relatively small, and the research content involved policy briefs and policy brief methodology in the field of public health. Conclusion Future research may focus on policy briefs on health care, food and nutrition, cardiovascular disease, obesity and other health issues, their impact and the use of policy briefs in the formulation of public health policies. Currently, there is a significant difference between domestic and foreign research in the field of evidence-based health policy briefs, foreign research has tended to mature, while the domestic is still in the embryonic stage, there is an urgent need to enrich the methodological system, enrich the content of the study, and in the future, we can learn from the advanced experience of foreign countries and integrate multidisciplinary research methods, in order to promote the improvement and sustainable development of the field of evidence-based health policy briefs in China.
ObjectiveTo summarize the clinical application and research status of bioactive glass (BAG) in bone repair.MethodsThe recently published literature concerning BAG in bone repair at home and abroad was reviewed and summarized.ResultsBAG has been widely used in clinical bone repair with a favorable effectiveness. In the experimental aspect, to meet different clinical application needs, BAG has been prepared in different forms, such as particles, prosthetic coating, drug and biological factor delivery system, bone cement, and scaffold. And the significant progress has been made.ConclusionBAG has been well studied in the field of bone repair due to its excellent bone repair performance, and it is expected to become a new generation of bone repair material.
Esophageal carcinoma is a malignant tumor with high morbidity and mortality worldwide, and surgery is the main treatment currently. With the development of patient-centered care, the effect of surgery should not be limited to the improvement of the incidence of postoperative complications, mortality and other indicators. It is also important to provide experience related to disease and surgery from the perspective of patients. Therefore, more and more attention is paid to patient-reported outcomes by scholars. This paper will provide an overview of the international widely used, reliable and effective scales and researches about patient-reported outcomes in esophageal carcinoma.
Thoracic duct is the largest lymphatic vessel in the body. It originates from the chyle pool in the abdominal cavity, upward across aortic hiatus of the diaphragm into the right thoracic cavity, and finally importing into the left jugular vein angle. Thoracic duct plays a very important role in the transporting process of the body's lymph and chylous fluid. More than 70% of the lymph and chylous fluid transport through it into the blood. If the thoracic duct was damaged, it would lead to fluid and electrolyte imbalance, immune dysfunction, malnutrition and the patient's life would be endangered when it was serious. Therefore, the clinical significance of the thoracic duct is always a hot research issue. Through unremitting exploration in recent years, we have a further understanding about structure and function of the thoracic duct. And we used this to remould and ligate it to cure some intractable disease. Now we summarize the research progress as follows.
In recent years, transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has developed rapidly in China, and the number and quality of operations have increased significantly. TAVR has become an important treatment strategy for patients with severe aortic stenosis and regurgitation following surgical aortic valve replacement. Prosthesis-patient mismatch (PPM) is one of the main complications after TAVR, but the incidence of TAVR-related PPM is significantly lower than surgical aortic valve replacement. Most studies believe that PPM has no significant effect on the clinical prognosis of most patients after TAVR, and only increases postoperative mortality in a specific population. This article will review the incidence, influencing factors, impact on clinical prognosis and related coping strategies of PPM after TAVR.