ObjectiveTo observe the effectiveness of digital customized plate in the treatment of complex limb fracture. MethodsBetween January 2012 and May 2013, CT raw data of complex limb fracture were used to establish the fracture three-dimensional simulation model after reduction, and a customized personalized anatomic plate was designed and used for internal fixation after open reduction in 42 cases. There were 22 males and 20 females, aged 16-53 years (average, 37.4 years). The causes of injury were traffic accident in 21 cases, falling from height in 18 cases, crush by heavy objects in 3 cases, including 26 cases of fresh closed fracture and 16 cases of open fracture (9 cases of type Ⅰ and 7 cases of type Ⅱ according to Gustilo classification). According to AO classification, there were 15 cases of humerus comminuted fracture, 4 cases of radial comminuted fracture, 8 cases of femoral comminuted fracture, and 15 cases of tibia comminuted fracture. The interval of injury and operation was 6-28 days (mean, 10 days). ResultsReduction and internal fixation of fracture were successfully performed on 42 patients. The length and position of digital customized plate, direction and length of screw implant, number of screw were basically identical with preoperative design. The operation time was 35-120 minutes (mean, 70 minutes); the blood loss volume was 30-500 mL (mean, 180 mL); and X ray fluoroscopy frequency was 2-6 times (mean, 3 times). Superficial infection occurred in 2 cases, and was cured after dressing change; primary healing of incision was obtained in the other patients. Forty-two cases were followed up 6-24 months with an average of 11.5 months. The fracture healing time was 8-19 weeks (mean, 14 weeks) in 41 cases; delayed union occurred in 1 case at 44 weeks after operation. The fracture anatomical reduction was achieved in 19 cases, malunion in 3 cases, and functional reduction in the other patients. At last follow-up, no plate and screw loosening and breakage was observed. ConclusionDigital customized plate in treatment of complex fractures of limbs, especially for the multiple comminuted fracture of long bones of the limbs has the advantages of convenient operation, less trauma, fewer complications, and good effectiveness.
ObjectiveTo summarize the effectiveness of anatomical plate combined with cortical bone plate allografts in the treatment of comminuted fractures of the femoral condyles. MethodsBetween January 2008 and December 2012, 18 patients with comminuted fractures of the femoral condyles were treated, including 13 males and 5 females with an average age of 45 years (range, 23-65 years). Fractures were caused by traffic accident in 11 cases, by falling from height in 4 cases, and by the other in 3 cases. The locations were the left side in 7 cases and the right side in 11 cases. Of 18 fractures, 12 were open fractures and 6 were closed fractures. The mean time from injury to operation was 6 days (range, 4-15 days). The fixation was performed by anatomical plate combined with cortical bone plate allografts, and autograft bone or allogeneic bone grafting were used. ResultsSuperficial local skin necrosis occurred in 1 case, and was cured after skin graft, and other incisions achieved primary healing. All patients were followed up 12-36 months (mean, 23 months). X-ray films showed that bone union was achieved within 3-12 months (5.6 months on average). No related complication occurred, such as fixation loosening, refracture, infection, or immunological rejection. According to Merchan et al. criteria for knee joint function evaluation, the results were excellent in 7 cases, good in 9 cases, fair in 1 case, and poor in 1 case at last follow-up; the excellent and good rate was 88.9%. ConclusionAnatomical plate combined with cortical bone plate allograft fixation is a good method to treat comminuted fractures of the femoral condyles. This method can effectively achieve complete cortical bone on the inside of the femur as well as provide rigid fixation.
Objective To compare the effect of two different operations on treating severely comminuted intercondylar fracture. Methods From December 2001 to October 2003, 20 cases of severely comminuted intercondylar fracture were operated. Of the 20 cases, 7(group 1) were treated with closed reduction and retrograde intramedullary nailing through arthroscope, 13(group2) were treated with open reduction and retrograde intramedullary nailing without arthroscope. Follow-ups were conducted after operation. Results All cases of fracture were recovered. Swelling in group 1 was alleviated more obviously than that in group 2. In group 1, all knees could flex to 120° during 6th to 9th weeks after the operation. In group 2, only 4 could flex 110°.Conclusion Retrograde intramedullary nailing through arthroscope proves to be less invasive and more effective in treating heavily comminuted intercondylar fracture.
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of sodium hyaluronate in supplementary treatment of comminuted fracture of ankle. METHODS Thirty-seven patients suffered from comminuted fracture of ankle were operated for restoration by routing methods, and received 2 ml of sodium hyaluronate injection intra-articularly before the closure of incision. The ankle was fixed and given the second intra-articular injection on the 3rd day after operation. Then, the patients were given sodium hyaluronate injection intra-articularly at a week intervals till the paste was removed after 4 weeks. All patients were followed up. The clinical results were evaluated by measuring the symptoms of pain, and the function of walking and other daily living activities. RESULTS All the patients were followed up for 6 to 27 months, among them, 30 patients were cured completely without any symptoms, the ankle function for walking and daily living activities was normal, 6 patients felt pain with violent activity or walking exceeding 1 km, one patient suffered from comminuted fracture with compressed depression was not improved due to his ankle being not restored properly. CONCLUSION Intra-articular injection of sodium hyaluronate is an effective supplementary treatment for comminuted fracture of ankle.
Objective To study the clinical outcome of comminuted factures at distal femur and proximal tibia treated with AO less invasive stabilization systems (LISS). Methods The clinical data of 14 cases of distal femoral fracture and proximal tibial fracture from September 2003 to May 2005 were analyzed retrospectively. The injury was caused by traffic accident in 9 cases, by fall in 3 cases and by slipping in 2 cases. Of 14 cases, there were 5 open fractures and 9 close fractures, including 5 cases of distal femoral comminuted fracture and 9 cases of proximal shaft comminuted fractures. According to AO/OTA classification, the fractures were classified as 33C2 in 3 cases，33C3 in 2 cases,41A2 in 2 cases，41A3 in 2 cases，41B2 in 3 cases and 41C2 in 2 cases. All patients were treated by the internal fixation with LISS-distal femur or with LISS-proximal tibia. Healing of wounds, the X-ray films before and after operations, and therecovery of joint function were observed. Results The patients were followed up from 1 month to 20 months (11 months on average). Twelve cases achieved solid osseous unions from 3 months to 5 months postoperativly; 2 cases had a good reduction and recovered smoothly 2-3 months postoperatively. The results were excellent in 10 cases, good in 3 cases and fair in 1 case according to Johner-Wruhs knee scoring. The range of knee flexion-extension was 110-130° in 11 cases, 100° in 2 cases and 80° in 1 case. Conclusion LISS is an effective method of internal fixation for treating comminntedfracture of distal femur or proximal tibia. It has the advantages of less injury, satisfied reduction and reliable fixation.
ObjectiveTo explore a new method of treating serious tibiofibula comminuted fracture by using three-dimensional (3-D) printing personalized external fixator. MethodsIn April 2015, a male patient (aged 18 years with a height of 171 cm and a weight of 67 kg) with left tibiofibula comminuted fracture was included in the study. Computer-assisted reduction technique combined with 3-D printing was used to develop a customised personalized external fixator for fracture reduction. The effectiveness was observed. ResultsThe operation time was about 10 minutes without fluoroscopy, and successful reduction was obtained. The patient had equal limb length after operation. X-ray films showed that the posterior angulation of distal fracture was corrected 37°, and the eversion angle was corrected 4°. The tibial fractures had good paraposition or alignment, and the lower limb force line was corrected completely. No new fracture displacement occurred. The clinical healing time of fracture was 3.5 months and the bone union was achieved after 8 months. The function of affected limb recovered well after operation. ConclusionA personalized external fixator for serious tibiofibula comminuted fracture reduction made by 3-D printing technique has the merits of easy manipulation, high individuation, accurate reduction, stable fixation, and no need of fluoroscopy.
Objective To analyse short-term cl inical effect of total elbow arthroplasty in treatment of distal comminuted humeral fracture with serious osteoporosis in geratic patients. Methods From April 2006 to October 2007, five cases of distal comminuted humeral fractures were treated by total elbow arthroplasty with bone cement. Of them, there were 2 males and 3 females, aging 50-76 years old (mean 67.6 years old), including 4 cases of closed fracture and 1 case of open fracture (II type Gustilo-Anderson). All fractures were caused by tumbl ing. According to classification of AO, there were 2 cases of type C1, 2 cases of type C2 and 1 case of type C3. The Barnett index of osteoporosis was 0.40-0.45. The time from injury to operation was 4 to 18 days (mean 7.2 days). The rehabil itation exercise of function was done after 2 days of operation. Results The operative time was from 120 to 180 minutes (mean 150 minutes), the bleeding amount was from 150 to 250 mL (mean 200 mL). All incision achieved primary heal ing. No compl ication occurred. Five cases were followed up for 19 to 36 months (mean 24.5 months). The mean motion range of elbow joint include 141.6° for flection, 6.5° for extention, 10.2° for the degree of ectropion, 81.7° for revolve forward, and 73.8° for revolve behind respectively after 4 months of operation. The length discrepancy of upper l imb was less than 1.5 cm, the muscle force for flexion and extention of finger and wrist was normal. The X-ray films showed that the position of artificial joint was satisfactory without prosthesis dislocation or loosening. According to Mayo elbow performance score, the excellent and good rate was 80% (excellent in 1 case, good in 3 cases, and fair in 1 case). Conclusion Total elbow arthroplasty with bone cement is an effective method in treatment of distal comminuted humeral fracture with serious osteoporosis obviously in the geratic patients, but indication and technique of operation should be mastered strictly.