Objective To investigate the effects of recombinant adenovirus-mediated co-transfection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) gene and erythropoietin (EPO) gene on promoting hematopoietic stem cells directly producing erythrocyte vaccine against colon cancer. Methods The expression adenovirus vectors carrying CEA and EPO or green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene were constructed respectively, and recombinant adenovirus carrying CEA, EPO or GFP were packaged and produced respectively. The bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) of mice were isolated and cultured in vitro by anti-CD117 magnetic bead separation, and were transfected with CEA (CEA group), EPO (EPO group) or GFP (blank vector group), co-transfected with CEA and EPO (CEA-EPO group). The expressionsof CEA and EPO gene and its protein after transfection in supernatant fluid of culture were detected by realtime-PCR and Western blot method in each group. We had checked and obtained the vaccine with co-transfection of CEA gene and EPO gene by cell red line marker antibody CD71 and GPA, then we carried on experiments with the vaccine in vitro and in vivo. There were 4 groups in our trail: blank vector group, CEA group, EPO group, and CEA-EPO group. Results We had successfully gathered the hematopoietic stem cells, flow cytometry analysis result showed that there were significant differences before and after purification for positive selected samples (P<0.05). The expressions of double genes (CEA-EPO gene) and protein showed CEA-EPO gene were successfully transfected into the hematopoietic stem cells. We had confirmed erythrocyte vaccine with co-transfection of CEA and EPO gene by antibody CD71 and GPA with flow cytometry. The monocytes cytotoxicity on colon cancer cell line CT26 showed that lysis of target cells of CEA-EPO group were higher than those of other 3 groups when in proportion of 40∶1 (P<0.05). In the experimentation of neoplasma format, the volume of tumor and mortality were smaller or lower, but survival time was longer of CEA-EPO group in2 weeks after treatment (P<0.05). Conclusions The erythrocyte vaccine with co-transfection of CEA gene and EPO gene has efficient anti-tumor effects on colon cancer. Not only can promote hematopoietic stem cell directly producing erythrocyte vaccine, but also can produce tumor antigen vaccine against colon cancer.
The results of 2389 patients exmained by colonofiverscope in past nine years are reported. Polyps were found in 561 cases, including 1256 polyps in the large intestine and 82 polyps in the terminal ileum. All 1299 polyps were removed with biopsy forceps. Pathology demonstrated that there were 406 adenomas, including 89 atypical hyperplasia and 23 cases with malignant change and 932 non-canerous polyps with 102 atypical hyperplasia. Since adenoma is seen to be a precancerous change, the polypectomy by colonofiberscope , ecpecially atypical hyperplastic polyps may decrease morbidity of large intestinal cancer. Cancer associated with adenoma may be as high as 51.28%, so the recrudescence of polyps may possibly be found even afer the cancer removal. These data showed that an early discovery of small malignant adenoma is key to improve efficiency.
ObjectiveTo investigate the influence of surgical treatment on early postoperative anal function in left colon cancer patients with acute complete obstruction. MethodsThe clinical data of left colon cancer patients with acute complete obstruction were retrospectively chosen from January 2017 to June 2020 in Yibin Second People’s Hospital. The patients were grouped according to the treatment plan including emergency operation group (54 cases), stent+operation group (46 cases) and stent+neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC)+operation group (44 cases). The anal function was evaluated at 4 weeks, 1 month and 6 months after operation, and quality of life was evaluated at 12 months after operation. Unconditional logistic regression model was used to explore the factors influencing early postoperative anal function injury. Results The proportion of open surgery in the emergency operation group was statistically higher than the stent+operation group and stent+NAC+operation group (P<0.05). The low anterior rectum resection syndrome (LARS) score at 4 weeks after operation of the emergency operation group was statistically higher than those of the stent+operation group and stent+NAC+operation group (P<0.05). However there was no statistical difference in LARS score at 1 month and 6 months after operation among the three groups (P>0.05). The score of social function in the emergency operation group at 12 months after operation was statistically lower than those of the stent+operation group and stent+NAC+operation group (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that body mass index (BMI) ≥24 kg/m2, emergency operation, and Eastern Collaborative Oncology Group (ECOG) score were the risk factors for early postoperative anal dysfunction in the left colon cancer patients with acute complete obstruction (P<0.05). ConclusionsLeft colon cancer patients complicated with acute complete obstruction who only received emergency surgery, BMI≥24 kg/m2, or one score of ECOG are more likely to have functional impairment, and the quality of life of those patients underwent emergency surgery alone is decreased. In addition, the stent placement at the obstruction site should be helpful to avoid the above problems.
ObjectiveTo summarize the recent progress in studies of intestinal immunity in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). MethodsThe literatures on studying the intestinal immunity in IBD, including ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease were reviewed and analyzed. ResultsIBD comprised two main diseases that cause inflammation of the intestines: ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease. Although the diseases had some features in common, there were some important differences in clinical symptoms and pathological features. Accumulating evidence suggested that IBD results from an inappropriate inflammatory response to intestinal microbes in a genetically susceptible host. Immunity studies highlighted the importance of host-microbe interactions in the pathogenesis of these diseases. Prominent among these findings were genomic regions containing nucleotide oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2), autophagy genes, miRNAs, and components of the interleukin-23/type 17 helper T-cell (Th17) pathway. The disfunction of the intestinal microbiome, intestinal epithelium, intestinal immune cells, and the intestinal vasculature played a key role in the process of IBD. The treatment with monoclonal antibody had been introduced to treat IBD and had been certificated effective. ConclusionThe study of basic intestinal immunity and regulation network of molecules in pathogenic process of IBD provides theory basis on prevention of IBD, while related genes of IBD can offer more gene therapy targets.
ObjectiveTo investigate effect of Notch pathway regulating by inhibiting expression of forkhead box protein A1 (FOXA1) on proliferation and invasion of colon cancer SW480 cells. MethodsThe colon cancer tissues and their corresponding paracancerous tissues of 45 patients with colon cancer admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology from June 2019 to February 2021 were selected. The immunohistochemistry and real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) methods were used to detect the expressions of FOXA1 protein and mRNA in the tissues, respectively. In addition, SW480 cells were divided into control group (untreated), shRNA-NC group (transfected with shRNA-NC), sh-FOXA1 group (transfected with sh-FOXA1), sh-FOXA1+sodium valproate group (Add 8 mmol/L Notch pathway activator sodium valproate after transfection with sh-FOXA1). Then the qRT-PCR, MTT, clone formation test, and Transwell methods were used to detect the expressions of FOXA1 mRNA, proliferation, clonogenic ability, invasion and migration of cells in each group. Western blot method was used to detect the proliferation (c-Myc, cyclinD1), invasion and migration [matrix metalloproteinase (MMP）9, MMP2], epithelial-mesenchymal transition (Vimentin, N-cadherin, E-cadherin) and Notch pathway (Notch-1, Hes-1) related protein expressions of cells in each group. Results① In the clinical cases, the expression levels of FOXA1 protein and mRNA in the colon cancer tissues were higher than those in the corresponding paracancerous tissues (protein: 0.085±0.028 vs. 0.034±0.010, t=11.036, P<0.001; mRNA: 1.62±0.34 vs. 1.00±0.09, t=11.671, P<0.001). ② In the cell experiment, compared with the control group and shRNA-NC group, the cell survival rate, and numbers of cloned cells, invasion and migrating cells were significantly reduced (P<0.05), correspondingly, the related proteins expression levels of c-Myc, cyclinD1, MMP9, MMP2, Vimentin, N-cadherin, Notch-1, Hes-1 were significantly reduced (P<0.05) and the protein expression level of E-cadherin was significantly increased (P<0.05) in the sh-FOXA1 group, which were reversed after adding the Notch pathway activator sodium valproate (P<0.05). ConclusionFOXA1 highly expresses in colon cancer tissues and colon cancer cells and it might promote the proliferation, invasion and migration of SW480 cells by activating the Notch pathway.
Objective To explore the early effect following resection of ilealcecum and right hemicolon. MethodsTwenty piglets were randomly divided into 2 groups, 10 in control group and experimental group respectively. The ilealcecum and right hemicolon for 50 cm each were resected in the experimental group. The two groups were fed the same food before and after the operation. Some indexes of two groups were monitored. Results①In the two groups, the body length change wasn’t significant (Pgt;0.05); but the body weight had descended markly in experimental group, compared with control group, since 3 weeks after operation (Plt;0.05). ②In experimental group, the ileal bacteria were increased from 104-107/ml before operation to 109-1011/ml at 6 weeks after operation (Plt;0.05). ③The enterohepatic circulation of biliac acid was affected during the early phase after resection. ④In experimental group, the stool became diluted within 6 weeks after operation. ⑤In the two groups, the Vitamin B12 was waved slightly within 6 weeks after operation (Pgt;0.05). The megaloblastic anemia was not appeared. ⑥The function of liver and the absorption of Na+, Cl-,K+ did not change significantly (Pgt;0.05). Conclusion The ileocecum and right hemicolon are very important for digestion and absorption, it should be retained or the ileocecal valve should be reconstructed if possible.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the effects of chewing gun on the promotion of intestinal function recovery after colorectal cancer surgery. MethodsWe searched PubMed, The Cochrane Library, CBM and CNKI databases from their inception to December 2014, to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing chewing gun in patients after colorectal cancer surgery. References of included studies were also retrieved. Two reviewers independently screened studies according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted data, and assessed the methodological quality of included studies. Then meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.2 software. ResultsNine RCTs involved 686 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis indicated that, compared with the control group, chewing gun could significantly reduce the time to first passage of flatus (MD=-17.33, 95%CI -23.96 to -10.70, P<0.000 01), the time to the first defecation (MD=-22.25, 95%CI -36.45 to -8.05, P=0.002) and postoperative hospital stay (MD=-1.37, 95%CI -2.25 to -0.49, P=0.002) after colorectal cancer surgery, and could also reduce the intestinal obstruction caused by intestinal paralysis (OR=0.33, 95%CI 0.14 to 0.77, P=0.01). However, no significant difference in the incidence of nausea and vomiting was found. ConclusionEarly chewing gum can promote the recovery of gastrointestinal function in patients after colorectal cancer operation.