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Clinical efficacy of AngioJet mechanical thrombectomy for the treatment of acute lower extremity arterial embolism and thrombosis

ObjectiveThis study was aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of mechanical thrombectomy using the AngioJet System for the treatment of lower extremity acute arterial embolism and thrombosis.MethodsThe clinical data of 20 patients with acute lower extremity arterial embolism and thrombosis admitted to the Department of Vascular Surgery in the People’s Hospital in Gansu Province where the author worked from September 2016 to March 2017, were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were treated with the AngioJet mechanical thrombectomy system. Clinical data of the patients were retrospectively collected. The clinical efficacy of AngioJet mechanical thrombectomy wasanalyzed.ResultsEighteen (90.0%) of the 20 patients successfully completed the mechanical thrombectomy by using the AngioJet System. The mean time for hospital stay and operation was (4.2±1.4) d and (1.3±0.4) h, respectively. The average doses of urokinase and heparin during operation were (35.80±12.30) ×104 U and (45.10±8.30) mg, respectively. Two patients received a complementary treatment of incision for removing the thrombus. Two patients received catheter-directed thrombolysis after the mechanical thrombectomy, 5 patients received bare-metal stent implantation after balloon expansion. Clinical success was in 16 cases. According to the Cooley standard, 10 patients were in excellent condition,6 in good condition, 2 in fair condition, and 2 in poor condition. There were 2 cases of distal arterial embolization,2 cases of antecardial discomfort of bradycardia, and 4 cases of bleeding at the puncture point, but no serious bleeding complications such as gastrointestinal and intracranial hemorrhage occurred. A total of 16 patients presented myoglobinuria during and after operation. All patients were followed up for 6–12 months. The results of ultrasound examination showed that the artery was patency in 15 cases. One patient died of myocardial infarction in 9 months after surgery,2 patients developed lower extremity ischemia symptoms again after surgery, and 2 patients had lower extremity ulcer caused by lower extremity ischemia symptoms. During the follow-up period, no lower limb necrosis, amputation, and death occurred in the remaining patients.ConclusionsThe AngioJet mechanical thrombectomy system is safe and effective. Combined with the use of catheter-directed thrombolysis and stent implantation, the AngioJet mechanical thrombectomy could lead to quick recovery of the perfusion of the lower extremity and improve the limb salvage rates, exhibiting excellent clinical value.

Pancreatic Duct Stenting for Preventing Post-ERCP Pancreatitis: A Systematic Review

Objective　To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of pancreatic duct stenting in prevention of post-ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography) pancreatitis for patients at high risk. Methods　We searched the Controlled Trials Database of the Cochrane Upper Gastro-Intestinal and Pancreatic Disease Group (Issue 1, 2004), Cochrane Controlled Trials Register (Issue 1, 2004), MEDLINE (1966-2004, 4), EMBASE (1985-2004, 4), CBMdisk (1970-2004, 4), and the Chinese Cochrane Center Database of Clinical Trials; we handsearched 8 Chinese journals, and references of eligible studies were also screened for inclusion. Randomized controlled trials on pancreatic stent for preventing post-endoscopic restrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis (PEP) were identified.The systematic review was conducted using methods recommended by the Cochrane Collaboration. Results　Six trials involving 468 high-risk patients for post-ERCP pancreatitis were included. The incidence of post-ERCP pancreatitis was significantly reduced by pancreatic duct stenting (Peto RR 0.31, 95% CI 0.19 to 0.52; P＜0.000 01; NNT=6). The incidence of severe PEP was also significantly lower in pancreatic duct stenting group compared with the control group (Peto OR 0.13, 95% CI 0.04 to 0.47; P=0.002; NNT=24). The results were consistent with the sensitivity-analysis when abstracts were excluded. Conclusion　Pancreatic duct stenting appears to be an effective method to prevent PEP. Due to the limitation of the included trials and their methodology, the results should be considered with caution. High quality and large-scale trials are required.

特定电磁波照射对预防老年患者经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管后机械性静脉炎的效果

目的　观察使用特定电磁波（TDP）照射对预防老年患者经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管（PICC）后机械性静脉炎的效果。 方法　2010年1月－12月将120例行PICC的肿瘤科老年患者根据登记号分为观察组和对照组，每组60例。对照组进行PICC常规护理；观察组在PICC常规护理基础上于置管24 h后加用TDP治疗，2次/d，20～30 min/次，连续使用7 d。观察两组机械性静脉炎的发生情况。 结果　观察组机械性静脉炎发生率8.33%，对照组23.33%，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.001）。 结论　应用TDP能有效预防和减少PICC所致机械性静脉炎的发生。

Echo-guiding percutaneous aortic stent implantation for coarctation of the aortic: A case report

Currently, transcatheter intervention has emerged as a first-line treatment for coarctation of the aortic. Due to the radiation exposure associated with catheter interventional therapy, there are numerous restrictions, which harms both patients and medical personnel and is dependent on sizable radiation apparatus. Here, we report for the first time a case of echo-guiding percutaneous aortic stent implantation for a 27 years female patient of reproductive age. After discharge, the patient's aortic coarctation pressure decreased to 18 mm Hg, and the surgical results were satisfactory.

静脉窦支架置入手术治疗暴发性特发性颅内压增高症1例

超声技术联合经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管支撑导丝头端退出法在导管多次异位颈内静脉复位中的应用

目的探讨经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管（PICC）置管时导管头端多次异位到颈内静脉时的有效复位方法。 方法收集2014年3月－12月在血管超声引导下行PICC置管时，导管头端异位到颈内静脉3次以上的患者17例，对其首先按常规复位法复位3次，仍不能成功复位，则采用支撑导丝头端退出法，以利用血液流向和重力作用，将异位的导管调整至正常位置。 结果17例患者先采用常规复位法复位3次，均不成功。改用支撑导丝头端退出法进行复位，一次复位成功16例，成功率为94.11%；二次复位成功率达100%。 结论PICC置管联合血管超声，能及时发现导管是否异位颈内静脉，采用常规复位方法3次，均不能成功复位时，采用支撑导丝头端退出法，可有效纠正导管头端异位，提高置管成功率，减少反复送管所致静脉并发症。

Nursing Experiences for Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation

目的　分析总结经导管主动脉瓣置入的术中护理要点，以指导临床术中护理。 方法　回顾性分析2012年4月－5月新开展经股动脉逆行法经导管主动脉瓣置入术3例患者的临床资料。术前备齐手术用物及急救药品、术中协助患者正确体位，准确使用临时起搏器、除颤仪、认真做好病情及并发症观察和护理，总结术中临床护理方法。 结果　经导管主动脉瓣置入手术顺利成功，术中护理效果满意，无因物品或药品准备不齐及护理不当而影响手术进程、造成患者意外损伤及并发症发生。 结论　经导管主动脉瓣置入术，术前备齐相应的导管导丝，术中操作规范细致、及时、准确传递用物、认真进行临床观察和护理，手术顺利、成功无不良事件发生及并发症发生。

日间化学疗法留置经外围静脉置入中心静脉导管带管出院患者依从性调查分析

【摘要】　目的　了解化学疗法中不同居住地点留置经外围静脉置入中心静脉导管（peripherally inserted central catheter，PICC）且带管出院患者的依从性问题。　方法　2009年5月-2010年4月采用自行设计的调查问卷，对100例行日间化学疗法的留置PICC患者，就影响带管出院依从性的各因素进行调查分析。　结果　本地化疗患者对PICC导管带管出院的依从性明显优于外地患者（Plt;0.05）。就影响因素而言，本地、异地化疗患者所担忧的问题不尽相同，异地化疗患者对带管出院的担忧主要集中在导管维护困难（81.8%）、并发症发生（67.3%）、导管维护质量（60.0%）等与治疗密切相关的几个因素。　结论　大力开展上臂PICC置管术即超声引导下的PICC置管术，以解决影响患者日常生活、美观、活动自如等问题。加大对区、县级医院护理人员PICC导管维护技能及并发症处理的培训，以提高外地患者PICC导管带管出院依从性。

The Application of Health Education Pathway for Patients Treated with Placement of Inferior Vena Cava Filter

【摘要】　目的　探讨健康教育路径在下腔静脉滤器（inferior vena cava filter，VCF）置入术患者中的应用效果。　方法　2008年1月－2010年5月，将62例VCF置入术患者随机分为观察组（32例）和对照组（30例），观察组采用健康教育路径进行健康教育，对照组患者采用常规健康教育。　结果　观察组患者的健康教育达标率明显高于对照组（Plt;0.05），焦虑发生率明显低于对照组。　结论　应用健康教育路径对VCF置入术患者实施，能提高患者对健康知识的掌握程度和效果，促进患者早日康复；同时可强化护患沟通，和谐护患关系。【Abstract】　Objective　To investigate the effect of health education pathway in patients treated with placement of inferior vena cava filter (VCF).　Methods　Sixty-two patients treated with placement of inferior VCF from January 2008 to May 2010 were randomly divided into experimental group (n=32) and control group (n=30). Health education pathway and routine general way were adopted respectively to treat patients in the experimental group and the control group.　Results　Standard-achieving rate of the health education in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (Plt;0.05), and the incidence of anxiety was also lower in the experimental group.　Conclusion　Health education pathway for patients treated with placement of inferior VCF can increase the patients’ health care knowledge, lessen patients’ anxiety, and strengthen the nurse-patient communication and harmonious relations.

化学疗法经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管路径医护一体化管理模式探讨

【摘要】　目的　总结肿瘤患者化学疗法经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管（peripherally inserted central catheter， PICC）路径医护一体化管理模式的经验与效果，提高医护团队的工作效率。　方法　针对化学疗法PICC路径管理前医护合作存在的问题，通过优化配置医护团队，建立PICC临床路径管理制度，规范PICC技术操作、技术维护质量标准等措施，实现PICC医护一体化管理模式。　结果　医护一体化管理模式能有效地提高医护工作效率，降低PICC并发症，患者满意度提高。　结论　实施肿瘤患者化学疗法PICC路径医护一体化的管理模式，使护理工作流程更加合理化，PICC技术管理更加规范，可为患者节约住院费用，并加快病床周转。