ObjectiveTo investigate the differences in middle ear function between adenoid hypertrophy (AH) children with type A tympanogram and normal children, and to evaluate the value of wideband acoustic immittance (WAI) in diagnosing middle ear dysfunction in AH children with type A tympanogram. MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included 96 children (192 ears) with AH and 40 healthy children (80 ears) as the control group. All children underwent pure tone audiometry, 226 Hz tympanometry, WAI, otoscopy, and electronic nasopharyngoscopy. Type A AH children were selected as the study group (AH group) to compare the 226 Hz tympanometry index and WAI between the two groups. A binary logistic regression model was constructed after dimensionality reduction by principal component analysis of the frequencies with statistical significance, and the diagnostic value of the model was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. ResultsThere was no significant difference in 226 Hz tympanometry between the two groups (P>0.05). This study found that there were significant differences in WAI between children with AH and healthy children. Under tympanic peak pressure, the wideband absorbance (WBA) of the AH group was significantly higher than that of the control group at 226～630 Hz and 3 150～6 000 Hz; Under ambient pressure, the WBA of the AH group was significantly lower than that of the control group at 1 250～1 600 Hz and significantly higher than that of the control group at 4 000～6 000 Hz. The dimensionality of 15 statistically significant frequencies was reduced to 3 principal components (89.79% of the original information) by principal component analysis. The binary logistic regression model constructed after dimensionality reduction by principal component analysis had a high diagnostic value, with an AUC of 0.813, a sensitivity of 62.18%, and a specificity of 87.50%. ConclusionWAI can be used as an effective method for evaluating the middle ear function of AH children with type A tympanogram.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the diagnostic criteria and therapeutic method of the Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome. METHODS: Among 5 cases, there were 2 males and 3 females aged from 11 days to 73 years. Vasography was carried out in all five patients and MRA was performed in one patients. RESULTS: After operation, the symptoms improved in 4 cases: the portine-like erythemas on their limbs got unclear; the focuses diminished obviously; the circumferences of the suffered limbs shrank and the ulcer healed. For following-up period was not long enough, the long term therapeatic result was still uncertain. CONCLUSION: Once the diagnosis of the Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome was made, operation should be performed as early as possible. If the surgical time is selected in prepuberty, optimal result can be expected.
Objective To investigate the relationship between the expression of mast cell expressed membrane protein 1 (MCEMP1) in gastric cancer and its relationship with prognosis and tumor immune infiltration. Methods Transcriptome expression profile data and clinical data information of gastric cancer and normal samples were downloaded from TCGA database, and differentially expressed genes in gastric cancer tumor microenvironment were extracted using R 4.0.5 software. Protein-protein interaction network of differentially expressed genes was constructed by using STRING online website, protein-protein interaction network and univariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis were used for cross-tabulation analysis to obtain key genes. Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test was used to investigate the correlation between key genes and clinicopathological features. The possible signaling pathways involved in key genes were predicted by gene set enrichment analysis. We further analyzed the relationship between expression of key gene and the level of immune infiltration and immune molecules in gastric cancer by TISIDB online database and CIBERSORT algorithm. Results A total of 760 differentially expressed genes in gastric cancer were found and a key gene of MCEMP1 was derived from cross-tabulation analysis based on the results of protein-protein interaction network and univariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Expression of MCEMP1 was significantly upregulated in gastric cancer tissues (P<0.001), and survival analysis showed that the overall survival rate of the group with high expression level of MCEMP1 was lower than that of low expression [HR=1.176, 95%CI (1.066, 1.297）, P=0.046]. Expression of MCEMP1 also correlated with age, T-stage, and clinical stage of gastric cancer (P<0.05) , and expression of MCEMP1 was significantly associated with a variety kinds of immune cells and expression of immune molecules (P<0.05). Conclusion MCEMP1 is a potential prognostic marker for gastric cancer and is associated with immune infiltration in gastric cancer.
The aim of the current study is to investigate the effect of visfatin on cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Cultured H9c2 cardiomyocytes were exposed to visfatin at different concentrations for different periods of time, and the markers of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy were detected. Moreover, pravastatin, the inhibitor of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) or thapsigargin, an ERS agonist was used respectively to pre-treat the cells before visfatin stimulation. F-actin staining was performed to measure the cell surface change. The mRNA expressions of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)and ERS markers including glucose-regulated protein 78(GRP78), C/EPB homologous protein (CHOP) and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) were assessed by real time RT-PCR. The change of protein level of GRP78 and CHOP was detected by Western blot. The experimental data demonstrated that exposure to 100 or 150 ng/mL concentrations of visfatin for 24 h, or 100 ng/mL of visfatin for 24 or 48 h, significantly increased the expression of markers for cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Visfatin stimulation provoked ERS in H9c2 cells. Furthermore, pre-treatment with pravastatin partially inhibited the visfatin-induced mRNA expression of ANP and BNP in H9c2 cells, whereas thapsigargin promoted the visfatin-induced expression of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy markers. The results suggest that visfatin might induce cardiomyocyte hypertrophy via ERS -dependent pathways.
ObjectiveTo explore the effectiveness of liposuction technique assisted superomedial pedicle with a vertical incision in reduction mammaplasty.MethodsBetween March 2014 and March 2019, 65 patients (127 sides) with breast hypertrophy had undergone breast reduction by using liposuction technique assisted superomedial pedicle with a vertical incision. The patients were 21 to 58 years old, with an average of 42.2 years. Body mass index ranged from 18.8 to 26.5 kg/m2, with an average of 21.3 kg/m2. Among them, 62 cases were bilateral operations and 3 cases were unilateral operation. The degree of mastoptosis was rated as degreeⅡ in 73 sides and degree Ⅲ in 54 sides according to the Regnault criteria.ResultsThe unilateral breast removed 432 g on average (range, 228-932 g); the distance of nipple upward was 4.5-9.5 cm (mean, 6.5 cm); the volume of unilateral liposuction was 50-380 mL (mean, 148 mL). There were 2 sides (1.58%) of unilateral intramammary hematomas after operation, 4 sides (3.15%) of bilateral breast vertical incisions slightly split, and 1 side (0.79%) of the nipple-areola epidermis necrosis. All patients were followed up 6 months to 5 years, with an average of 18 months. During the follow-up, there was no evident re-dropping of the breast and no enlargement of the areola. No patient underwent scar excision. At last follow-up, the effectiveness was evaluated by the surgeons. There were 52 cases with very satisfactory, 10 cases with satisfactory, and 3 cases with unsatisfactory for the breast shape and symmetry. There were 51 cases with very satisfactory, 11 cases with satisfactory, and 3 cases with unsatisfactory for the nipple position and areola diameter. The incision scar was obvious in 25 cases and was not obvious in 40 cases. The results of self-assessment showed very satisfactory for the breast shape in 48 cases, satisfactory in 12 cases, and unsatisfactory in 5 cases; very satisfactory for the incision scar in 40 cases, satisfactory in 17 cases, and unsatisfactory in 8 cases. Overall evaluation of the patient was very satisfactory in 52 cases, satisfactory in 7 cases, and unsatisfactory in 6 cases.ConclusionThe liposuction technique assisted superomedial pedicle with a vertical incision in reduction mammaplasty is a safe and reliable surgical method with a satisfactory result.
Objective To investigate the effect of myoblast transplantation on duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and to explore the method and feasibil ity of applying gene therapy to DMD. Methods Myoblast of C57/BL10 mice were cultured using multiple-step enzyme digestion method and differential velocity adherent technique. The morphology of the cells was observed with inverted phase contrast microscope. The cells at passage 4 were labeled with 5-BrdU. Twenty-four DMDmodel mice (mdx mice: aged 4-6 weeks, male, 13.8-24.6 g) were randomly divided into two groups (n=12 per group): group A, 1 × 106/mL labeled myoblast were injected via ven caudal is twice at an interval of 2 weeks; group B: 1 mL DMEM/F12 was injected in the same manner serving as a control group. The mice were killed 4 weeks after operation and the motor abil ity of the mice was detected by one-time exhaustive swimming before their death. HE staining and immunohistochemistry staining observation for 5-BrdU, desmin, and dystrophin (Dys) were preformed, and the imaging analysis was conducted. Results The primary myoblast could be sub-cultured 5-7 days after culture, providing stable passage and sufficient cells. The time of onetime exhaustive swimming was (60.72 ± 5.76) minutes in group A and (47.77 ± 5.40) minutes in group B, there was significant significance between two groups (P lt; 0.01). At 4 weeks after injection, HE staining showed that in group A, there were round and transparent-stained myocytes and the percentage of centrally nucleated fibers (CNF) was 67%; while in group B, there were uneven muscle fiber with such pathological changes as hypertrophia, atrophia, degeneration, and necrosis, and the percentage of CNF was above 80%. Immunohistochemistry staining revealed that the expression of 5-BrdU, desmin, and Dys was positive in group A; while in group B, those expressions were l ittle or negative. Image analysis result displayed that integral absorbency (IA) value of desmin was 489.70 ± 451.83 in group A and 71.15 ± 61.14 in group B (P lt; 0.05) and the ratio of positive area to thetotal vision area was 0.314 3 ± 0.197 3 in group A and 0.102 8 ± 0.062 8 in group B (P lt; 0.05); the Dys IA value was 5 424.64 ± 2 658.01 in group A and 902.12 ± 593.51 in group B (P gt; 0.05) and the ratio of positive area to the total vision area was 0.323 7 ± 0.117 7 in group A and 0.035 2 ± 0.032 9 in group B (P lt; 0.05). Conclusion Myoblast transplantation has certain therapeutic effect on DMD of mice.
Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA) is an important assistant technique for complex cardiac surgery, which creates convenient operating conditions for surgery, and is also one of the measures to protect the brain during operation. However, the complications caused by this technique cannot be ignored, and it should be noticed that the occurrence of intestinal injury is relatively insidious, but brings great pain to patients and significantly reduces the quality of life after operation. Studies have shown that intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury is induced by DHCA. It causes mast cells to activate and release many inflammatory mediators that destroy the intestinal mucosal epithelium barrier, and eventually lead to intestinal injury. This article reviewed the research progress of mast cells in the mechanism of DHCA-induced intestinal injury.
【摘要】 目的 研究肥大细胞膜稳定剂色甘酸二钠（disordium cromoglycate，DC）对葡聚糖硫酸钠（dextran sulfate sodium，DSS）诱导的大鼠急性结肠炎的影响。 方法 出生80~100 d的雄性SD清洁级大鼠30只，体重180~250 g。30只大鼠随机分为3组:正常对照组（A组）、溃疡性结肠炎组（B组）和DC组（C组），每组各10只。B组和C组自由饮用40 g/L DSS溶液（4%） 7 d诱发急性结肠炎，同时C组每天按100 mg/kg腹腔注射DC 1次，A组和B组每天腹腔注射等量的生理盐水。7 d后，处死各组大鼠。对各组大鼠行疾病活动指数评分，结肠组织行大体评分、组织学评分，检测门静脉血一氧化氮浓度，结肠组织髓过氧化物酶活性。 结果 疾病活动指数评分、大体评分、组织学评分、一氧化氮浓度及髓过氧化物酶活性均表现为B组gt;C组gt;A组（Plt;0.05）。 结论 肥大细胞膜稳定剂DC对DSS诱导的大鼠急性结肠炎有一定的保护作用。【Abstract】 Objective To observe the influence of the mast cell memebrane stabilizer, disordium cromoglycate (DC), on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in rats. Methods Thirty male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats aged 80 to 100 days with their weight ranged from 180 to 250 g were randomly divided into 3 groups: normal control group (group A), dextran sulfate sodium group (group B) and disordium cromoglycate group (group C), with 10 rats in each. Rats in group B and C drank 40 g/L DSS solution (4%) for 7 days to induce acute colitis. At the same time, intraperitoneal administration of DC (100 mg/kg) to rats in group C was carried out once a day, while the other two groups of rats were given the same amount of normal saline solution. Disease activity index (DAI), gross and histological evaluation were analyzed. NO concentration of blood from portal vein was measured. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity of colonic tissue was detected. Results The experimental data of group C, including DAI, gross evaluation, histological assessment, NO concentration and MPO activity, were all significantly higher than those of group A (Plt;0.05), but lower than those of group B (Plt;0.05). Conclusion Disordium cromoglycate can protect the colon of rats with DSS-induced acute colitis.