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find Keyword "肺疾病" 522 results
  • Changes of Pulmonary Surfactant Protein D in Serum and Lung Tissue of Rats with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

    Objective To investigate the relationship of pulmonary surfactant protein D( SP-D) with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD) by measuring SP-D level in serum and lung tissue of rats with COPD.Methods The rat COPD model was established by passive smoking as well as intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide ( LPS) . Thirty male SD rats were randomly divided into a control group, a LPS group, and a COPD group( n =10 in each group) . The pathologic changes of lung tissue and airway were observed under light microscope by HE staining. Emphysema changes were evaluated by mean linear intercept ( MLI) of lung and mean alveolar number ( MAN) . The level of SP-D in serum was measured by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA) . The expression of SP-D in lung tissue was detected by Western-blot and immunohistochemistry.Results The MLI obviously increased, and MAN obviously decreased in the COPD group compared with the control group ( Plt;0.05) . There was no significant difference in the MLI and MAN between the LPS group and the control group ( Pgt;0.05) . The serum SP-D level was ( 49.59 ±2.81) ng/mL and ( 53.21±4.17) ng/mL in the LPS group and the COPD group, which was significantly higher than that in the control group [ ( 42.14±2.52) ng/mL] ( Plt;0.05) . The expression of SP-D in lung tissue was 0.56±0.01 and 0.63±0.01 in the LPS group and the COPD group, which was also obviously ber than that in the control group ( 0.39 ±0.01) ( Plt;0.05) .Meanwhile the SP-D levels in serumand lung tissue were higher in the COPD group than those in the LPS group ( Plt;0.05) . The levels of SP-D between serum and lung tissue were positively correlated in all three groups ( r=0.93, 0.94 and 0.93, respectively, Plt;0.01) .Conclusion Both the SP-D level in serum and in lung tissue increase significantly in COPD rats and correlate well each other, which suggests that SP-D may serve as a biomarker of COPD.

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  • Effects of Thyroid Hormone Replacement Therapy on Critically Ill COPD Patients with Decreased Serum Thyroid Hormone

    Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects of thyroid hormone replacement on critically ill COPD patients with low serum thyroid hormone. Methods Sixty-seven critically ill patients with acute exacerbation of COPD ( AECOPD) , and complicated with respiratory and/ or heart failure and low serum thyroid hormone, admitted from July 2008 to June 2011, were recruited for the study. They were randomly divided into an intervention group ( n = 34) and a control group ( n = 33) . The control group received conventional treatment and the intervention group received conventional treatment plus additional thyroid hormone replacement therapy. Results Compared with the control group, the overall efficacy of the intervention group was not significantly different ( 88. 2% vs. 81. 8% , P gt; 0. 05) , while average effective time was significantly shorter [ ( 9. 6 ±2. 5) d vs. ( 12. 3 ±2. 8) d, P lt; 0. 05] . The post-treatment serum FT3 , FT4 , TT4 , and h-TSH levels were significantly higher in the intervention group than those in the control group, and significantly higher than baseline ( P lt;0. 05) . Conclusions For AECOPD patients complicated with respiratory and/or heart failure and low serum thyroid hormone, thyroid hormone supplement at low dosage will help to improve serumthyroid hormone level, and promote early recovery.

    Release date:2016-09-13 04:00 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并肺结核51 例临床分析

    目的 探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病( COPD) 合并肺结核的临床特点, 避免临床误诊、漏诊。方法 对岐山县医院呼吸内科从2010 年6 月至2012 年3 月收治的51 例COPD 合并肺结核患者进行回顾性分析。结果 COPD 合并肺结核占同期住院COPD 患者的28%。该病多见于老年人( 80. 4% ) 。结核中毒症状出现率低( 23. 5% ) , 临床症状及影像学表现无特异性。易合并支气管结核( 49% ) , PPD阳性率低( 31. 4% ) 。30 例( 58. 8% ) 曾被误诊为其他疾病。结论 随着COPD 患者的逐年增多, COPD合并肺结核的患者也在逐渐增多, 应引起重视。对COPD 急性加重( AECOPD) 、出现原因不明发热及AECOPD 治疗效果不佳患者应加强COPD 患者的结核病筛查, 及时诊断并注意个体化治疗。绝大部分患者预后良好。

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  • Challenges in China :Prevention and Treatment of COPD

    随着近年来对慢性阻塞性肺疾病( COPD) 的深入研究,人们逐渐揭示了其发病机制中的众多关键环节,据此开发了新型的药物和治疗手段。大量国际多中心临床研究已证明COPD 是一个可防可治的疾病,正确的治疗能够改善患者的症状,提高生活质量,乃至延缓疾病的进程。为更好地防治COPD,全球学者共同推出了《慢性阻塞性肺疾病全球倡议 ( GOLD) 》以指导广大医师规范、合理地诊断、治疗和预防COPD。然而, 在我国由于多方面的原因,COPD 的防治工作面临如下的难题。

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  • Research progress of pulmonary rehabilitation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

    The pulmonary rehabilitation treatment of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has become a current research hotspot. Pulmonary rehabilitation can effectively improve the lung function, quality of life, and physical and mental health, reduce the risk of death, but there are still certain limitations in the implementation of pulmonary rehabilitation for COPD. Based on existing research, this article introduces the benefits of pulmonary rehabilitation for COPD, and elaborates on the timing, location selection, and course of pulmonary rehabilitation, aiming to provide a basis for developing personalized pulmonary rehabilitation plans for COPD.

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  • The Role of Macrophage-Stimulating Protein and Receptor Tyrosine Kinase RON in Airway Inflammation of COPD

    Objective To explore the role of macrophage-stimulating protein ( MSP) and receptor tyrosine kinase RON in the airway inflammation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease( COPD) , and investigate its possible mechanism. Methods The rat COPDmodel was established by exposing the rats to cigarette smoke daily for three months. Rat alveolar macrophages ( AMs) were isolated in vivo and cultured,and then challenged with different concentrations of MSP for 24 hours. The concentrations of MSP in broncho-alveolar lavage fluid ( BALF) and serum, and the levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-8, and IL-10 in the supernatants were measured by ELISA. The expression of RONmRNA in lung tissue was assessed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The levels of RON protein in the lung tissue and AMs cultured in vitro were observed by immunohistochemistry. The activity of superoxide dismutase ( SOD) and malondialdehyde ( MDA) content in the culture solution were measured with chromatometry method. Results Compared with the control group, the concentrations of MSP in serum and BALF of the COPD rats were significantly higher ( P lt;0. 01) . The levels of RONmRNA and RON protein in the COPD rats were also upregulated significantly ( P lt; 0. 01) . MSP evoked the AMs isolated from the normal and COPD rats to generate more content of MDA and caused a reduction in activity of SOD. In addition, MSP stimulated TNF-α, IL-8, IL-1βand IL-10 release fromAMs of the normal and COPD rats dose-dependently. The levels of TNF-α, IL-8, and IL-1βwere higher, while the level of IL-10 and the SOD activity were lower in AMs of the COPD group than those of the control group in the same dose of MSP ( P lt;0. 01) . The more significant increase in the levels of TNF-α, IL-8, IL-1β, and the more notable decrease in the activity of SOD was found in the COPD group compared with the control group. But the degree of increasing MDA and IL-10 in the AMs of the COPD group was lower than that in the control group. Linear correlation analysis showed that the MSP concentration and the RON protein level in the COPD rats were positively associated with the total cellcounts and AM counts in BALF, and were related to the indexes for pulmonary emphysema. Conclusions There is a close correlation between the MSP and receptor tyrosine kinase RON with the airway inflammation of COPD. The mechanism might be that MSP promote the macrophages release inflammatory factors and increase the production of oxygen free radicals.

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  • Effects of Supervised Periodical Exercise Programs on Maintaining Functional Exercise Capacity and Quality of Life after Pulmonary Rehabilitation in COPD

    Objective To determine if supervised hospital-based exercise can maintain the benefits of functional exercise ability and quality of life gained from a pulmonary rehabilitation program in COPD.Methods A prospective and randomized study was carried out. Following completion of an eight-week pulmonary rehabilitation program in hospital, 43 COPD patients were recruited and randomized into either a supervised group ( supervised, every 10 days, hospital-based exercise, 22 cases ) or a control group ( unsupervised home exercise,21 cases) and followed for 12 months. Measurements were taken at baseline and 12 months later. Exercise measurements include six-minute walk test( 6MWT) and pulmonary function test. Quality of life was measured using the Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire ( CRQ) . Results After 12 months of different exercise program,6MWT in the supervised group was significantly longer than that in the unsupervised group[ ( 532. 0 ±168. 4) m vs ( 485. 0 ±151. 6) m, P lt; 0. 05] . There was no significant difference in pulmonary function between the two groups. The quality of life of the supervised group was higher than that of the unsupervised group( 114. 6 ±20. 8 vs 105. 6 ±21. 7, P lt;0. 05) . Conclusions After the completion of pulmonary rehabilitation program, a supervised, every 10 days, hospital-based following exercise program can maintain better functional exercise capacity and quality of life compared to home exercise in COPD patients.

    Release date:2016-08-30 11:53 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者并发自发性气胸的护理

    摘要:目的:探讨老年人慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)并发自发性气胸的临床特点和护理方法。方法:回顾性分析我院2005年8月至2009年1月47例老年COPD患者并发自发性气胸的临床资料。结果:采用以肋间闭式引流的内科治疗为主。其中35例肺完全复张,6例肺复张80%~90%,2次或2次以上复发5例,除1例死于呼吸衰竭外,其余患者经过一般护理和专科护理都得到康复。结论:老年COPD并发自发性气胸临床表现多不典型,易误诊,正确诊断和全面护理是治疗的关键。

    Release date:2016-08-26 03:57 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Suggestions for Using FEV1/FVC Ratio below 70% after Inhaling Bronchodilator as Diagnostic Criteria of COPD

    Release date:2016-09-13 03:46 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • The Application Value of Multi-window Settings and Thrombin Solutions Injection in CT-guided Percutaneous Needle Lung Biopsy

    目的 讨论多窗技术+凝血酶封闭在CT导向下经皮肺穿刺活检中的应用价值。 方法 2009年6月-2010年3月收集分析由同一工作组连续完成的CT导向下肺穿刺活检患者共128例,其中A组58例,采用双窗技术+注射生理盐水;B组70例,采用多窗技术+注射凝血酶)。比较两组患者的诊断阳性率、气胸及肺出血发生率的差异。 结果 128例均穿刺成功,A组的穿刺诊断阳性率、气胸发生率及肺出血发生率分别为87.9%、13.8%、17.5%。B组的穿刺诊断阳性率为92.9%,气胸发生率为8.6%,肺出血发生率为5.7%。两组穿刺诊断阳性率和气胸发生率的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);B组肺出血的发生率均明显低于A组,两组间肺内出血的发生率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论 多窗技术+凝血酶针道封闭技术能有助于减少气胸、肺出血等肺穿刺活术的并发症,具有重要的临床应用价值。

    Release date:2016-09-08 09:13 Export PDF Favorites Scan
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