目的探讨原发性肺软骨瘤（chondroma）的临床特点、诊断及其治疗方法，以提高临床医师对本病的认识和诊疗水平 方法回顾性分析我院4例（男2例、女2例，年龄50～63岁）肺软骨瘤的临床资料，并结合国内外1983年1月至2013年9月30年文献报道的51例患者的临床资料进行分析和总结。 结果55例患者中男30例，女25例，发病年龄10～84（42.47± 17.27）岁。主要临床表现有咳嗽、咳痰、痰中带血、胸闷、胸痛、呼吸困难、喉部不适等，也有无临床症状，于体检发现。临床诊断以肺癌、结核、错构瘤、炎性假瘤、肺畸胎瘤及肺部包块等。55例患者都行手术治疗，无手术死亡。 结论肺软骨瘤是临床上一种较为罕见的良性肿瘤，临床表现缺乏特异性，术前误诊率较高，影像资料有助于诊断和鉴别诊断，确诊依靠病理诊断以及肺软骨瘤与Carney’s综合征的关系，手术切除治疗疗效确切。
Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of bronchoscopy-guided radioactive 125I seeds implantation combination with chemotherapy for advanced central type lung cancer. Methods Sixty-six patients with central type lung cancer in stage Ⅲb or Ⅳ were enrolled in this study from May 2014 to July 2016. The patients were randomly divided into two groups, ie. bronchoscopy-guided seeds implantation combined with chemotherapy group (experimental group, n=30) and chemotherapy group (control group, n=36). All patients accepted GP regimen (gemcitabine plus cisplatin) chemotherapy and were followed up by CT and electric bronchoscopy (EB) examination 1, 3, 5 months later. According to WHO unified standard, the efficacy and adverse effects were evaluated . Results In the experimental group and the control group, the response rate (complete response plus partial response) was 80.00% and 50.00%, respectively. There was significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). The incidence rate of hemoptysis in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the two groups in the incidence rate of pneumothorax, fever or bone marrow suppression (allP>0.05). All adverse reactions were light and could be controlled. Conclusions The short-term clinical efficacy is better in the bronchoscopy-guided seeds implantation combined with chemotherapy group. The bronchoscopy-guided seeds implantation combined with chemotherapy is a safe and minimally invasive treatment for advanced central type lung cancer.
ObjectiveTo study the clinical and pathological characteristics and imaging manifestations of pulmonary mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma.MethodsThe clinical and multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) imaging data of 17 patients with pathological proven pulmonary MALT lymphoma were reviewed retrospectively.ResultsThe MDCT manifestations were divided into 4 types: ① pneumonia/consolidation, ② mass/nodule type, ③ bronchovascular lymphatic type, ④ mixed type. The imaging features included air bronchiectasis in 13 cases and bronchiectasis in 9 cases. Multiple small pulmonary nodules were found in 11 cases, ground glass opacity in 9 cases, 4 cases of pleural effusion, pulmonary hilar and mediastinal lymph node enlargement in 3 cases. Among these 17 cases, 4 had extra-pulmonary involvement and 2 without obvious symptoms. The main clinical symptoms including cough, expectoration, dyspnea, fever, chest pain, hemoptysis, night sweats. The pathological manifestation is the infiltration of a large number of B lymphocytes and nuclear heterocells.ConclusionsThe clinical manifestations of pulmonary MALT lymphoma are not specific, but the progress is slow, and may be associated with autoimmune diseases. The main MDCT findings of pulmonary MALT lymphoma include consolidation, nodules or masses with air bronchogram. Lymph node enlargement is rare. Clinical diagnosis should also be based on pathological results.
目的总结肺硬化性血管瘤临床特点、诊断及外科治疗的经验。 方法回顾性分析2008年5月至2010年3月南京医科大学第一附属医院胸心外科行手术治疗22例肺硬化性血管瘤患者的临床资料，其中男1例、女21例，发病年龄18～75（53.5±15.1）岁。22例均行手术治疗，包括开胸手术12例，胸腔镜或胸腔镜辅助小切口手术10例；肺叶切除术12例，限制性肺切除术10例。 结果肿瘤大小与症状无显著相关性（P=0.848），中央型与外周型症状发生率差异无统计学意义（P=0.35）。手术时间55～138（100.5±27.3）min，住院时间12～52（20.9±8.2）d，无手术并发症及手术死亡。随访6～42（26±16）个月，患者均生存，无肿瘤复发及转移。 结论肺硬化性血管瘤临床及影像学检查缺乏特征性，手术是治疗肺硬化性血管瘤的有效措施。
目的:探讨PET-CT模拟定位对非小细胞肺癌合并肺不张适形调强放疗靶区确定的临床价值。方法:对经影像学和病理证实伴有肺不张的非小细胞肺癌12例患者,进行PET-CT模拟定位。根据PET-CT扫描显像结果,分别以GTV CT和GTVPET-CT勾画原发病灶,对用治疗计划系统计算出的两组数值加以比较。结果:GTVCT平均为141 cm3(99～185 cm3),GTVPET-CT平均为113 cm3(60～165 cm3),两者差异有显著性(t=5.497,Plt;0.001)。12例患者原发病灶体积的GTVPET-CT均较GTV CT有不同程度的缩小,平均缩小体积28 cm3(19%)。结论:PET-CT模拟定位,对非小细胞肺癌合并肺不张患者放疗靶区的精确定位具有重要的临床意义。
目的：运用多层螺旋CT（MSCT）后处理技术显示周围性肺癌与支气管关系，分析其影像表现及诊断价值。方法：采用MSCT对77例周围性肺癌行层厚为0.5 mm的容积靶扫描，通过多平面或曲面重建（MPR或CMRP）以及表面遮盖（SSD）法显示支气管与周围肿块的关系,CT影像表现与手术、病理对照。结果：（1）全部3～7级支气管均全程、较完整显示。42例腺癌中与支气管有关系者为39例（92.9％），20例鳞癌中为15例（75.0％）。（2）肿瘤—支气管关系可分为4型：Ⅰ型，支气管被肿块截断；Ⅱ型，支气管进入肿块内后被截断；Ⅲ型，支气管在肿块内保持通畅；Ⅳ型，支气管紧贴肿块边缘走行，形态正常或受压移位。（3）发生率：Ⅰ型为48.1％（37/77），其中鳞癌略多于腺癌；Ⅱ型为13.0%（10/77），其中鳞癌略多于腺癌；Ⅲ型为16.9％（13/77），仅见腺癌；Ⅳ型为15.6％（12/77），腺癌略多于鳞癌。（4）与第四级支气管相关的肿块，鳞癌多于腺癌；与第六级支气管相关的肿块，腺癌多于鳞癌。结论：采用MSCT超薄层靶扫描后行MPR、CMPR和SSD重建，能准确显示肿块与支气管关系，并反映一定的病理改变关系，对良恶性鉴别或长期预后等相关性研究有着重要意义。
Abstract: Objective To investigate the feasibility of videoassisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) ronchial sleeve lobectomy for lung cancer, and to describe this treatment method. Methods Between December 2010 and April 2011, three patients in our hospital underwent VATS bronchial sleeve lobectomy as treatment for right upper lobe nonsmall cell lung cancer. The patients were one female and two males, aged 61, 65, and 62 years. Surgical incisions were the same as for singledirection VATS right upper lobectomy. The right superior pulmonary vein was firstly transected, followed by the first branch of the pulmonary artery. Then, the lung fissure was transected and the mediastinal lymph nodes, including the subcarinal nodes, were also dissected to achieve sufficient exposure of the right main bronchus. The bronchus was transected via the utility incision, and the anastomosis was accomplished by continuous suture with 30 Prolene stitches. Another 0.5 cm port in the 7th intercostal space at the posterior axillary line was added in the third operation for handling of a pair of forceps to help hold the needle during anastomosis. A sealing test was performed to confirm that there was no leakage after completion of the anastomosis, and the stoma was covered with biological material. Bronchoscopy was performed to clear airway secretions and to confirm that there was no stenosis on postoperative day (POD) 1. Results The lobectomy and lymph node dissection was finished in 5158 minutes (averaging 54.7), and the time needed foranastomosis was 4055 minutes (averaging 45.7). Total blood loss was 55230 ml (averaging 155.0 ml). Number of dissected lymph nodes was 1821 (averaging 19.3). One patient was diagnosed with adenocarcinoma of the right upper lobe with metastatic hilar lymph node invasive to the right upper lobar bronchus. The other two patients were both diagnosed with centrally located squamous cell carcinoma of the right upper lobe, and all the patients achieved microscopically negative margins. There was no stenosis of the anastomosis stoma, and the postoperative course was uneventful. These patients were discharged on POD 810 (averaging 8.7 days), and they recovered well during the followup period, which lasted 2 to 6 months. [WTHZ]Conclusion [WTBZ]For experienced skillful thoracoscopic surgeons, VATS bronchial sleeve lobectomy is safe and feasible. Making the incisions of a singledirection VATS lobectomy with an additional miniport may be an ideal approach for this procedure.
ObjectiveTo investigate the feasibility and safety of DynaCT microwave ablation (MWA) guided by 3D iGuide puncture technology for lung cancer.MethodsThe clinical data of 19 patients with primary or metastatic lung cancer who underwent DynaCT MWA from June 2019 to December 2020 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed, including 15 males and 4 females with an average age of 64.9±11.7 years. The technical success rates, adverse reactions and complications, postoperative hospital stay, and local therapeutic efficacy were recorded.ResultsTechnical success rate was 100.0%. The mean time required to target and place the needle was 15.7±3.7 min and the mean ablation time was 5.7±1.6 min. Thirteen patients underwent biopsy synchronously before the ablation, and 10 (76.9%) patients had positive pathological results. The main adverse reactions were pain (7/19, 36.8%), post-ablation syndrome (4/19, 21.1%) and cough (2/19, 10.5%). The minor complications were pneumothorax (6/19, 31.6%), hemorrhage (5/19, 26.3%), pleural effusion (2/19, 10.5%) and cavity (1/19, 5.3%). Three patients had moderate pneumothorax and received closed thoracic drainage. The median hospitalization time after ablation was 2.0 (2.0, 3.0) d, and no patient died during the perioperative period. The initial complete ablation rate was 89.5% (17 patients) and the incomplete ablation rate was 10.5% (2 patients) at 1-month follow-up, and no local progression was observed.ConclusionDynaCT MWA of lung cancer under the guidance of 3D iGuide system is safe and feasible with a high short-term local control rate, but the long-term efficacy remains to be further observed.