We reviewed the clinical studies on drug therapy for gallbladder cancer and expounded on the current situation of conversion therapy for gallbladder cancer. Gallbladder cancer was usually diagnosed late, with high malignancy, low surgical resection rate, and poor prognosis. With the development of conversion therapy, systemic therapy combined with radical resection had effectively improved the surgical resection rate and prognosis of gallbladder cancer patients. At present, most of the published conversion therapies for gallbladder cancer were mainly retrospective researches, lacking large multicenter prospective research, and the treatment plan was still based on chemotherapy, lacking the research of targeted therapy in combination with immunotherapy. It is expected that more high-quality clinical trials can be made first-line recommendations for the conversion therapy of gallbladder cancer.
Objective To investigate the role of KiSS-1 gene in the metastatic process of carcinoma of gallbladder and the clinicopathologic significance of KiSS-1 gene expression in carcinoma of gallbladder. Methods Pathological specimens from 59 gallbladder carcinoma tissues (13 hepatic invasion and 13 lymphatic invasion tissues were included), matched with 7 para-tumor and 6 normal gallbladder tissues, were examined for the expression of KiSS-1 gene by tissue microarray technique and immunohistochemistry (EnVision). Results The positive rate of KiSS-1 expression was down-regulated (P＜0.05) in tumor tissues, as compared with normal and para-tumor tissues. In carcinoma of gallbladder, the expression of KiSS-1 had no relationship with the gender, age, tumor size, histological grade or differentiation, and metastasis of lymph node, while was associated with the depth of infiltration, invasion of liver and the clinical stages (Nevin). In Ⅰ+Ⅱ, Ⅲ+Ⅳ and Ⅴ stage, the positive rates of KiSS-1 were 92.3%, 57.1% and 27.8% respectively, with an undeniably clear lowering tendency (P=0.002). Conclusion Down-regulating expression of KiSS-1 is closely associated with the processes of genesis, invasion and metastasis in carcinoma of gallbladder, and may participate in regulating these processes.
目的 探讨瓷样胆囊腹腔镜手术治疗的技术和适应证。方法 对1995年1月至2009年1月期间我院收治的10例接受腹腔镜手术治疗的瓷样胆囊患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 10例瓷样胆囊均接受腹腔镜手术治疗，其中胆囊逆行切除6例, 胆囊大部切除2例，中转开腹2例（术中发生胆管损伤和发现胆囊癌各1例）。有1例术中冰冻检查证实为胆囊癌的患者经腹腔镜完整地切除胆囊。腹腔引流10例，仅1例发生漏胆，二次开腹手术探查见右肝管电灼伤，经放置T管引流，2周后痊愈。所有患者均痊愈出院, 无死亡病例。随访1.5~14年（平均11年），除1例胆囊癌患者于术后1.5年死亡，其余患者均恢复良好。结论 严格的适应证加上个体化的操作方法可以安全地完成腹腔镜瓷样胆囊切除术。
Objective To study the feasibility of radical resection of gallbladder cancer with extensive invasion. Methods A patient of the gallbladder cancer with invasion of liver, gastric antrum, duodenum, caput pancreatis and colon transversum, was received radical resection (including pancreatoduodenectomy, hepatectomy and colectomy). Results Seven months later, the value of CEA and Hb were normal and cancer recurrence was not observed. Conclusion The radical resection of gallbladder cancer with extensive invasion, can improve survival quality and extent survival time.
Objective To study the association and the effect of the expression of p16 and p53 protein on the occurence and development of gallbladder carcinoma. Methods The expression of p16 and p53 protein were detected in 40 cases of gallbladder carcinoma with immunohistochemical method. Results The expressions of p16 and p53 protein were closely correlated to the tumor pathological grade, lymph mode metastasis and prognosis. p16 protein was correlated to the Nevin classifications. Conclusion The results indicate that the low expression rate of p16 protein occurred in the advanced stage of gallbladder carcinoma. The expression of p16 and p53 protein are helpful in judging the malignant degree and prognosis of primary gallbladder cancer.
【Abstract】ObjectiveTo study the spiral CT features of gastrointestinal invasion by carcinoma of gallbladder. MethodsEight patients with surgical-pathologically documented gastrointestinal invasion by carcinoma of gallbladder were analyzed retrospectively. All patients underwent plain and contrast-enhanced dual-phase scanning of the abdomen. Oral contrast medium (1.2% Angiografin) was used to fill the gastrointestinal tract before CT scanning. ResultsThere were 2 cases of gastric antrum invasion, 6 duodenal invasion and 3 colonic invasion according to the surgical and pathological findings. Spiral CT correctly diagnosed 2 gastric invasion and 4 duodenal invasion based on several imaging features, like blurring of fat plane, focal wall thickening and luminal narrowing of involved gastrointestinal segments, and mass formation. However CT was unable to diagnose the 3 cases of hepatic flexure of colon invasion. ConclusionCT is valuable for diagnosing upper gastrointestinal tract invasion by carcinoma of gallbladder, yet the diagnosis of hepatic flexure of colon invasion is still difficult.
目的 评价CT及MRI在中晚期胆囊癌周围脏器侵袭和转移中的诊断价值。方法 回顾性分析我院2003年3月至2010年6月期间收治的经手术病理证实的中晚期胆囊癌患者45例，所有患者术前均同时行CT和MRI检查。结果 ①在诊断胆囊癌方面，CT诊断符合率为93.33% （42/45），MRI诊断符合率为88.89% （40/45），二者比较差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.287 2，P＞0.05）。②在诊断胆囊癌转移的敏感度方面，肝脏直接浸润和转移诊断方面CT为72.00% （18/25），MRI为92.00% （23/25）；胆管受侵诊断方面CT为83.33% （5/6），MRI为100% （6/6）；胰腺转移诊断方面CT为100% （3/3），MRI为100% （3/3）；淋巴结转移诊断方面CT为70.00% （7/10），MRI为90.00% （9/10）；腹膜、网膜转移诊断方面CT为33.33% （1/3），MRI为33.33% （1/3）。诊断胆囊癌转移的总诊断符合率CT为72.34%（34/47），MRI为89.36% （42/47），MRI明显高于CT （χ2=4.083 3，P＜0.05）。结论 MRI在诊断胆囊癌方面与CT相当，但在诊断肿瘤侵犯邻近器官及转移方面MRI略优于CT。