Objective To systematically review injury, death, and their causes in elderly people in China from 2000 to 2020 and to prevent and reduce the occurrence of injuries and death. Methods The CNKI, VIP, WanFang Data, PubMed, SinoMed, and Web of Science databases were searched to collect studies on injury and death among elderly people over 60 years of age who resided in China from January 2000 to December 2020. Two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of the included studies. A meta-analysis was then performed using R 4.1.2 software. Results A total of 41 studies with 187 488 subjects were included, including 125 million elderly individuals. The pooled injury mortality rate was 135.58/105 (95%CI 113.36/105 to 162.14/105, P<0.001). Subgroup analysis showed that male injury death (146.00/105, 95%CI 116.00 to 183.74, P=0.001) was significantly higher than that of females (127.90/105, 95%CI 102.31 to 159.88, P=0.001) and that overall injury mortality increased exponentially with age (R2=0.957), especially in those over 80 years old. The spatial distribution showed that the injury death rate in the central region was higher than that in the east and west and higher in the countryside than in the city. The time of death distribution showed that after China became an aging society (2000-2020), the time of death was significantly later than before (1990-2000). There were more than 12 types of injuries that caused death, the top three of which were falling, traffic accidents, and suicide. Conclusion From 2000 to 2020, the injury mortality rate of the elderly people in China initially increase and then slightly decrease. The phenomenon affects more men than women, especially those beyond the age of 80. Regional differences are identified, and the types of injuries that cause death are mainly falls, traffic accidents, and suicide. Due to the limited quantity and quality of the included studies, more high-quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusion.
【摘要】 目的 了解在校大学生的自杀倾向及其危险因素，为自杀行为的早期干预提供依据。 方法 2010年10—11月，采用贝克绝望量表以及自编的一般资料问卷对在校大学生进行现场调查，对自杀倾向的影响因素进行单因素与多因素分析。 结果 自杀倾向总检出率为14.9%，单因素分析显示女性、低年级、成绩差、来自县城、独生子女、非班干部、父母职业为知识分子、父母文化程度为大学及以上的大学生自杀倾向发生率明显高于其他；通过Logistic多元回归分析筛选出来与自杀倾向相关的危险因素有一年级、来自城市及县城、家庭收入低。 结论 在校大学生自杀问题应引起足够重视，关注特殊群体，有效预防自杀行为发生。【Abstract】 Objective To explore the prevalence of suicidal tendency and its related risk factors in undergraduates and provide the basis for early intervention to prevent suicide. Methods The undergraduates were investigated by Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) and self-made questionnaire in this study. Results The generalized prevalence of suicidal tendency was 14.9%. Female, freshman, bad grades, coming from county or one-child family, non class leader, parents’ occupations as intellectuals and parents having a cultural degree of university and above were high risk factors for suicidal tendency. Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that risk factors for suicidal tendency were freshman, coming from city, county or poor family. Conclusion The suicide problem in special population like undergraduates in the university needs more attention, and measures have to be taken to effectively prevent suicidal behaviors.
Objective To study the effects of pcDNA3/AFP/TK/Angio fusion gene targeting therapy for human primary liver cancer in nude mice implanted with SMMC-7721. Methods Human liver cancer cell line SMMC-7721 was implanted subcutaneously in nude mice to establish experiment model. Animals bearing liver cancer were randomly divided into five groups: control group， vector group， GCV (ganciclovir) group， pcDNA3/TK/Angio group; pcDNA3/AFP/TK/Angio group. Different plasmids were directly injected into tumors and GCV was intraperitoneally administrated simultaneously according to different groups. The growth of tumors was observed and the pathology was examined as well. Serum AFP level was measured by radioimmunology, the ultrastructural change of tumor cells was studied by using electron microscopy, the expressions of MVD and VEGF were respectively detected with immunohistochemistry and the cell apoptosis in situ was detected by TUNEL. Results The success rate to establish subcutaneous implanted liver cancer model in nude mice was 100%. The tumor volume, serum AFP level, VEGF and MVD expressions of pcDNA3/TK/Angio group and pcDNA3/AFP/TK/Angio group were lower than those in control group, vector group and GCV group (P＜0.05) and more apoptosis cells could be observed. While the tumor volume, serum AFP level, VEGF and MVD expressions of pcDNA3/AFP/TK/Angio group was lower than those in pcDNA3/TK/Angio group (P＜0.05); and apoptosis index was higher than that of the latter (P＜0.05).Conclusion pcDNA3/AFP/TK/Angio fusion gene inhibits the growth of tumor remarkably and becomes a promising new biological agent to treat human primary liver cancer.
Objective To observe the influence of connexin 43 (Cx43) on bystander effects induced by cytosine deaminase (CD) and herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) coexpression suicide genes system in human cholangiocarcinoma QBC939 cells and transplantation tumors in nude mice. Methods In vitro, the CD+tk+ and CD+tk+Cx+ cells were respectively treated with 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) and ganciclovir (GCV). The cytotoxic efficacy was evaluated by microculture tetrajolium test (MTT) method. In order to investigate the influence of Cx43 on bystander effects, the volumes of transplantation tumors of the CD+tk+ and CD+tk+Cx+ cells were measured before and after application of 5-FC and GCV. Results CD and tk gene were stably expressed in transfected QBC939 cells. Increasing expression of Cx43 was determined by testing for the presence of Cx43 mRNA by RT-PCR and the presence of Cx43 protein by Western blot in CD+tk+Cx+ cells. The killing effect of 5-FC and GCV on CD+tk+Cx+ cells was more effective than that on CD+tk+ cells both in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion Double suicide genes system CD/5-FC+tk/GCV could induce remarkable killing effect on cholangiocarcinoma cells in vitro and transplantation tumors in vivo. The cotransfection of Cx43 gene is able to enhance the bystander effects and the inhibition of carcinoma cells.
Objective To construct replication-defective adenovirus containing tk gene (ADV-tk). Methods Recombinant adenovirus of ADV-tk was constructed using homologous recombination in cells. After the interested tk gene fragment in the recombinant plasmid obtained was confirmed by PCR, the titre of purified recombinant adenovirus was detected. In vitro study, tk gene in SMMC7721 cells transfected by ADV-tk was investigated by RT-PCR. In vivo study, ADV-tk was injected intraperitoneally into BALB/c nude mice with liver cancer and apoptosis cells in tumor were observed. Results Recombinant adenovirus containing ADV-tk was proved successfully. The titre of purified recombinant adenovirus was 1.4×1010 pfu/ml. In vitro study, tk was integrated and expressed by SMMC-7721 cells. In vivo study, with the injection of ADV-tk, apoptosis cells in tumor increased. Conclusion A replication-defective adenovirus containing tk gene is successfully constructed, which may useful for further research on tumor suicide gene therapy with ADV-tk.
ObjectiveTo explore the correlation of serum levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and 5-HT2A receptor gene T102C polymorphism with suicidal behavior by poison in non-depressive patients, in order to diagnose and intervene the suicidal behavior of patients as early as possible. MethodsSixty-two non-depressive patients with the behavior of suicide by poison treated between January 2013 and June 2014 were selected as patient group, and other 66 healthy persons were selected as control group. Peripheral blood in the two groups of patients were collected to test the serum levels of 5-HT with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, and the 5-HT2A receptor gene T102C polymorphism was detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. The data were analyzed by SPSS 19.0 statistically. ResultsThe serum level of 5-HT in the patient group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.001), and the frequency of T102C genotype in the patient group was higher than the control group (χ2=5.533, P=0.013). The distribution of genotype was different, and homozygous mutations of CC in the patient group were higher than the control group (χ2=5.648, P=0.017). ConclusionThe serum levels of 5-HT and 5-HT2A receptor gene T102C polymorphism, and the frequency of T102C genotype may be related to suicidal behavior by poison in non-depressive patients.
ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the correlation between interpersonal stress and suicidal ideation. MethodsThe PubMed, EMbase, Cochrane Library, CBM, WanFang Data and CNKI databases were searched to collect studies on the correlation between interpersonal pressure and suicidal ideation from database inception to April 27, 2022. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of the included studies. Meta-analysis was then performed using Stata 14.0 software. ResultsA total of 42 studies including 3 cohort studies, and 39 cross-sectional studies, with a total sample size of 193 810 participants were included. Meta-analysis showed that the risk of suicidal ideation was higher in people who had experienced interpersonal pressure than in people who had not (OR=2.11, 95%CI 1.99 to 2.23, P<0.01). Subgroup analysis showed that people in the Americas who had experienced interpersonal pressure were more strongly associated with suicidal ideation than people in other regions of the studied area. Young adults in the study who had experienced interpersonal pressure were more strongly associated with suicidal ideation than other studied age groups; People who had experienced partner pressure were more strongly associated with suicidal ideation than those who had experienced other types of interpersonal pressure. ConclusionThis study shows that people who have experienced interpersonal pressure are at greater risk of suicidal ideation, and there are certain differences among study areas, subjects and types of interpersonal pressure. Due to the limited quantity and quality of the included studies, more high-quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusion.