ObjectiveTo review and evaluate the research progress of traumatic heterotopic ossification (HO). Methods The domestic and foreign related research literature on traumatic HO was widely consulted, and its etiology, pathogenesis, pathological progress, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment were summarized. Results Traumatic HO is often caused by severe trauma such as joint operation, explosion injury, nerve injury, and burn. At present, it is widely believed that the occurrence of traumatic HO is closely related to inflammation and hypoxia. Oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and surgery are the main methods to prevent and treat traumatic HO. Conclusion Nowadays, the pathogenesis of traumatic HO is still unclear, the efficiency of relevant prevention and treatment measures is low, and there is a lack of specific treatment method. In the future, it is necessary to further study the pathogenesis of traumatic HO and find specific prevention and treatment targets.
The injuries of the femoral arteries were mistreated in 5 cases. The causes of the mistakes were resulted from: the initial cause of the injury was not carefully analyzed; the arterial injury was overlooked by the concomitant injuries, and the improper method of management was selected, as a result, 2 patients died from acute renal failure and the other 3 patients developed the complications of secondary thrombosis of the artery or rupture of the artery at the anastomotic site following repair. Of the 3 patients, 2 patients had recovered following reoperation and the other 1 patient had lost his limb from amputation. It should be emphasized that all of the following key points might avoid the mistakes occurred in the management of the injury of the femoral artery: (1) early diagnosis; (2) debredment of arteral end; (3) in infections wounds, insted of vein transplantation bypass technique should be done.
ObjectiveTo explore the possible active mechanism of the basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) long circulation l iposome (LCL) (bFGF+LCL) on spinal cord traction injury in rats at the level of proteomics. MethodsTwenty Sprague Dawly rats were randomly divided into groups A and B, 10 rats in each group. The models of spinal cord traction injury was established at T12-L3 spines. The rats were not treated in group A, and the rats were treated with bFGF+LCL (20μg/ kg) in group B. At 3 weeks after operation, the rats were sacrificed for harvesting T13-L2 spinal tissue specimens. The protein was extracted and quantified in the spinal tissue firstly. The proteins from spinal tissue were separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and identified by mass spectrometry. The different expression profiling was established in each group, and the differentially expressed protein was determined by comparing the level of each spot with gel imaging software and manually. The proteins were identified by nano ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (NanoUPLC-ESI-MS/MS), and the proteins were classified. ResultsThe differentially expressed protein spots were found in 2 groups. Compared with group A, 4 spots were up-regulated and 6 were down-regulated in group B. NanoUPLC-ESI-MS/MS results showed that 18 significant proteins were identified in 26 differentially expressed proteins, including 4 apoptosis-related proteins, 3 nerve signal transduction related proteins, 7 proteins involved in metabolism, 1 unknown function protein, and 3 unnamed proteins. ConclusionThe differentially expressed proteins are found in spinal cord traction injury of rats treated with bFGF+LCL. bFGF+LCL can affect the proteins expression in rats with spinal cord traction injury. The possible active mechanism is that it has protective and repair effects on injured spinal cord by nerve signal transduction, and regulation of nerve cells apoptosis and metabolism.
目的:总结髋臼骨折的手术入路和复位固定经验。方法:2006年1月至2008年2月经Kocher Langenbeck、髂腹股沟、前后联合入路手术治疗髋臼骨折52例。结果:随访6～36个月,优良率90.4％。术后发生创伤性关节炎10例,股骨头坏死2例,异位骨化10例,所有患者均骨愈合。结论:手术治疗髋臼骨折能较好地恢复骨盆形态及下肢活动功能,防止骨折畸形愈合。正确的选择手术入路和术中良好的复位固定是提高髋臼骨折疗效的基础。
OBJECTIVE: To study the expression of interleukin-1 receptor in normal mice sciatic nerves and in transected sciatic nerves treated with or without extrinsic interleukin-1 locally at different periods. METHODS: Seventy-two KM mice were equally divided into two groups. All the left sciatic nerves were transected. The stumps in experimental group were soaked in liquid with interleukin-1, whereas those in control group without interleukin-1. Then all the stumps were repaired end to end. At the 3rd hour, 1st day, 3rd day, 7th day, 14th day, and 28th day after operation respectively, every proximal stump was dissected and the expression of interleukin-1 receptor was carried out by immunohistochemistry method (LSAB method). The expression level of interleukin-1 of ten normal sciatic nerves of mice was studied, too. RESULTS: Normal nerves showed interleukin-1 receptor expression on the membrane of Schwann cells. After nerve injury, the interleukin-1 receptor expression increased biphasically in both groups, but the intensity of increase was lower in the experimental group than in the control group. CONCLUSION: Schwann cell is the target cell of interleukin-1.
Flexion tendons in fibrous sheath of 36 New Zealand white rabbits was repaired, after excision of fibrous sheath and vinculum, with microsurgical technique. Histological examination was made. The results showed that as the prolongation of the postoperative time, the adhesion around the tendon became more and more dense. 7 days after operation, tendon was connected by hemocyte and fibroid materials. Following 7 days after operation, fibroblaste origined from extrinsic memberance of tendon obviously produced,and strentched to tendon stump. The synthesis of collage fibers began at 21 days after operation .28 days,connective tissure between tendon stumps was tendency of reconstruction. The experiment demonstrated that pattern of tendon healing belinged to extrinsic repair . That was related to destroy of tendon nutrition systems in fibrous sheath.
ObjectiveTo summarize the research progress on the application of tranexamic acid (TXA) in traumatic orthopedic surgery in recent years.MethodsThe domestic and foreign literature in recent years was reviewed, and the efficacy and safety of TXA in traumatic orthopedic surgeries with different regimen, dose and route of administration were comprehensively summarized and compared.ResultsThe application of TXA in traumatic orthopedic surgeries increased gradually in recent years. Intravenous or topical administration of TXA efficaciously reduced blood loss and transfusion requirements during hip fracture surgery without significantly increasing the risk of thromboembolic events. However, the efficacy was not clear in other traumatic orthopedic surgeries such as pelvic and acetabular fractures.ConclusionMore studies are needed to confirm the efficacy and safety of TXA in traumatic orthopedic surgeries.
wenty-one cases with injurys of upper trunk of brachial plexus in 18 and poliomyelitis in 3were treated by transfer of flexor carpi ulnaris muscle to restore flexion of elbow from may, 1981through November, 1992. There were 16 males and 5 females with an average age of 28 years old(ranged 17-60 years). All of the patients was combined with incompetence of abduction function ofshoulder, 6 cases with incompotence of extenxor function of elbow and 11 cases with incompotence ofsupifiation fu...
ObjectiveTo review and summarize the role and progress of innate immunity in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA).MethodsThe domestic and foreign literature in recent years was reviewed. The role of innate immune-mediated inflammation, macrophages, T cells, and complement systems in the pathogenesis of OA, potential therapeutic targets, and the latest research progress were summarized.ResultsWith the deepening of research, OA is gradually considered as a low-grade inflammation, in which innate immunity plays an important role. The polarization of synovial macrophage subpopulation in OA has been studied extensively. Current data shows that the failure of transformation from M1 subtype to M2 subtype is a key link in the progression of OA. T cells and complement system are also involved in the pathological process of OA.ConclusionAt present, the role of innate immunity in the progress of OA has been played in the spotlight, whereas the specific mechanism has not been clear. The macrophage subtype polarization is a potential therapeutic target for early prevention and treatment of OA.