目的：建立规范化的大便隐血(OB)检测试纸条比对评估程序，确保检测质量。方法：①血红蛋白(HB)稀释液验证试验方案：分别用消康保试纸条和艾康试纸条对19种采用纯水和艾康缓冲液对倍稀释的人HB悬液进行平行OB试验；②临床标本验证试验：随机选择93例临床大便标本，用传统方法采用纯水稀释标本，分别用消康保试纸条和艾康试纸条进行平行OB试验。结果：①HB稀释液验证试验：采用纯水稀释的人HB系列液进行的消康保试纸条和艾康试纸条OB试验，两者的符合率为84.21%（χ2＝0，Ｐ＞0.05)，采用艾康缓冲液稀释的人ＨＢ系列液进行的消康保试纸条和艾康试纸条OB试验，两者的符合率为94.74%（χ2＝0，Ｐ＞0.5)；②临床标本验证试验：采用纯水稀释的人ＨＢ系列液进行的消康保试纸条和艾康试纸条OB试验，两者的符合率为89.５%（χ2＝25，Ｐ＞0.5)。结论：本室建立了对新进大便OB检测试纸条评估程序，方法简单易行、成本低、可操作性强，能够通过对大便OB检测试纸条的全面评估，保证临床检测结果的一致和准确，提高检测质量。
目的 探讨围手术期患者静脉血栓预防的分级护理方法，为静脉血栓的预防提供实证依据。 方法 2009年5月－2012年1月，以某市级乙等综合性医院各科室手术患者为对象，引入量化工具评估患者围手术期静脉血栓发生的危险，并根据评估结果采取分级护理方法进行防治，并在患者出院时用彩色多普勒超声判断是否存在静脉血栓，以验证分级护理防治效果。 结果 纳入的318患者经评估均存在发生静脉血栓的风险，其中低度危险患者65例，中度182例，高度危险71例。经分级护理治疗，出院时均未发生静脉血栓症状、肺栓塞。 结论 分级护理方法安全、简便，可操作性强，便于围手术期患者静脉血栓的早期、普遍预防，值得推广。
目的 探讨功能性排便障碍人群心理评估中心理和情绪的变化。方法 采用SCL-90、SAS和SDS量表对72例功能性排便障碍患者进行心理评估并分析结果。结果 便秘组SCL-90测试的总分以及躯体化、抑郁、焦虑及精神病性这4项因子的评分结果均高于对照组（P＜0.001），2组其余各因子的评分结果差异没有统计学意义（P＞0.05）。便秘组SAS和SDS测试的评分结果均高于对照组，表明便秘组焦虑和抑郁的评分均较对照组高（P＜0.001）。结论 功能性便秘患者不同程度伴随有情绪和情感的异常，因此对该部分患者进行药物干预的同时给予其心理辅导是非常有必要的。
Health Technology Assessment International (HTAi), in conjunction with the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR), initiated a joint Task Force and published guideline and a checklist for deliberative processes for health technology assessment (HTA). Currently, there is a lack of guidance for designing and implementing deliberative processes of HTA in China, so this paper performs a detailed interpretation of the guideline and checklist, with a view to providing a reference for China's HTA and deliberative process, in order to promote the dissemination and application of the HTA methodology, and advance the construction of domestic HTA deliberative processes capacity and institutional mechanism.
Objective To investigate the correlation between nutrition related blood biochemical indexes levels and Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) in preoperative nutritional assessment of patients with gastric cancer. Methods One hundred and seventeen gastric cancer patients who underwent surgery were enrolled in this study by the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery of West China Hospital. Nutritional status of each patient was evaluated by PG-SGA, in the meantime, nutrition related blood biochemical indexes levels such as transferrin (TRF), prealbumin (PA), albumin (Alb), and hemoglobin (HGB) were measured by analysis of fasting venous blood, then take correlation analysis on the result. Results Eighty cases (68.4%) were in malnutrition (PG-SGA score≥4). The TRF, PA, Alb, and HGB in malnutrition patients were lower than those in non-malnutrition patients (PG-SGA score<4, n=37, P<0.05). The TRF, PA, Alb, and HGB levels of gastric cancer patients had significant negtive correlation with PG-SGA score, the correlation coefficients was –0.629, –0.545, –0.418, and –0.235, respectively (P<0.05). When the PG-SGA score was greater than or equal to 4 points, the optimum cutoff value for TRF, PA, Alb, and HGB was 2.31 g/L, 190.50 mg/L, 38.65 g/L, and 100.50 g/L, respectively (P<0.05). Conclusions The incidence of malnutrition is high in gastric cancer patients preoperatively. The TRF, PA, Alb, and HGB are significantly decreased in the patients with malnutrition, and these indicators has significant negtive correlation with PG-SGA score. The current study indicated that a gastric cancer patient might be in malnutrition when the biochemical levels are less than or equal to TRF 2.31 g/L, PA 190.50 mg/L, Alb 38.65 g/L, HGB 100.50 g/L, and sufficient attention should be paid when any of these occasions appear clinically. The combination of PG-SGA score and nutrition related blood biochemical indexes levels could provide a more accurate assessment of preoperative nutritional status, and the evidence of nutritional intervention for patients with gastric cancer.
目的 评估儿科补充与替代医学(Complementary and alternative medicine,CAM)随机对照试验报告的质量,检验报告质量是否随时间而变化.方法 以包含251篇CAM干预的RCT报告作为系统样本,对每一篇报告质量用CONSORT清单的部分项目,如分配隐藏不清楚的比例和5级质量评价来进行评估.结果 有近一半(40%)的CONSORT清单项目在所有RCT报告中列出,且有增多趋势.大多数RCT(81 3%)未清楚报告分配隐藏方案,且多年无改进.报告质量评分约为Jadad评估最高总评分的40%,且多年无改进.仅有约1/4(22%)的RCT报道了不良反应,而关于医疗成本的报道仅占很小比例(4%).结论 RCT是循证卫生保健决策的重要工具.如果这些研究要作为对CAM评估的一部分,那么高质量地实施和报告这些试验就显得十分重要.应加倍努力以确保儿童及其家庭进入实施和报告偏倚最小的RCT.这样的研究可以让利益共享者的范围更宽广,更具使用价值.
As the aging of the population intensifies, the incidence of dementia continues to increase year by year. However, the general public's lack of awareness about dementia, combined with the complexity of the cognitive assessment process, often results in many dementia patients being diagnosed in the moderate to late stages of the disease, missing the crucial window for therapeutic intervention. This significantly affects the mental and physical health and quality of life of the elderly. With the continuous advancements in medical and information technology, the application of electronic tools in cognitive assessment is gradually increasing. This study summarizes the current application of electronic cognitive assessment tools to provide references for the development of electronic cognitive assessment tools suitable for the elderly in China.