【摘要】 目的 探讨B型超声检查对联体双胎的诊断价值。 方法 回顾性分析2008年—2010年产前诊断为联体双胎的8例孕妇B型超声声像图资料，总结其声像表现。 结果 对称性联体双胎8例， 其中胸腹部联体6例， 头部联体2例。 结论 产前B型超声检查能为联体双胎的诊断提供重要临床信息，并可做出不同类型的诊断。【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the value of B-scan ultrasound in diagnosing conjoined twins. Methods Prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of eight cases of conjoined twins from 2008 to 2010 in West China Second University Hospital was retrospectively analyzed, and their ultrasonograhical performances were summarized. Results Eight cases of conjoined twins with symmetry were diagnosed by B-scan ultrasound, including six with thoraco-omphalodidymus, and two with cephalodymus. Conclusion Prenatal ultrasound can provide important information for diagnosis of conjoined twins, and perform differential diagnosis for different types.
Objective To determine the affected factors of intraorbital hemodynamic results in diabetic retinopathy (DR) and the risk factors related to the occurrence of DR. Methods Posterior ciliary artery (PCA), central retinal artery (CRA), central retinal vein (CRV), and vortex vein (VV) of 68 patients with DR were measured by color Doppler flow image (CDFI). Thirty-one hemodynamic parameters, including systolic velocity, diastolic velocity, mean velocity, resistive index, pulsatility index and accelerative velocity of ophthalmic artery (OA), and other variates (blood pressure, blood sugar, gender, age, duration of the disease, and so on) were collected and clustered in a principal components analys is following a forward, stepwise logistic regression on these components. Results Nine principal components were extracted from 37 original variates, reflecting the velocity of OA, velocity of PCA, resistance of OA, velocity of CRA,resistance of CRA, resistance of PCA, time-related factor, venous drainage factor and gender factor, respectively. In the result of logistic regression, resistance of OA, velocity of CRA, resistance of PCA, time-related factor, and venous drainage factor were the risk factors related to DR. Conclusion The first risk factor affecting DR is time, and intraorbital hemodynamic abnormity influencing the development of diabetic retinopathy may be the increase of resistance of OA, decrease of velocity of CRA, decrease of resistance of PCA, and increase of venous drainage. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis，2004，20：98-100)
The present artificial anal sphincter fails to distinguish the different states of intestinal contents. In this study, we tried to distinguish the intestinal content by using a reflection type ultrasonic system, so as to lay the foundation for the development of artificial anal sphincter with sensing function. We measured the numbers of reflected waves when there were solid, liquid, gaseous or no contents in the recta of 30 Bama Miniature pigs. The results showed significant difference among the numbers of reflected waves of the 4 conditions (F = 1 088, P < 0.05). Our research suggested the reflection-type ultrasonic system could be utilized to distinguish various contents inside the intestinal lumen, thus it might offer a new effective method for the development of artificial anal sphincter with sensing function.
目的:探讨颈动脉(CA)、股动脉(FA)的内—中膜厚度(IMT)及其血流参数对高血压病的诊断价值。方法:对52例原发性高血压病患者利用高频超声进行CA、FA的IMT检查,并与45例正常对照组结果进行对比研究。结果:高血压组的受检者CA、FA的内中膜厚度较正常对照组的明显增厚,差异有统计学意义(Plt;0.01)。高血压组的受检者CA、FA内径较正常对照组增宽,有显著性差异(Plt;0.01)。高血压组与正常对照组的血流速度测量:高血压组CA、FA平均流速(MV)、加速度时间(AT)明显低于正常对照组,差异有统计学意义(Plt;0.01)。高血压组的CA收缩/舒张期血流速度比值(S/D),搏动指数(PI)、阻力指数(RI),均高于正常对照组,差异有统计学意义(Plt;0.01〉。高血压组的FA收缩/舒张期血流速度比值(S/D)、搏动指数(PI)、阻力指数(RI)与正常对照组比较差异无统计学意义。高血压组与正常对照组钙斑形成比较差异有统计学意义(Plt;0.01)。结论:高血压病的CA、FA内—中膜及血流参数均有不同程度改变,超声检查对临床预警和防治具有重要意义。
Objective To investigate the effect and surgical skill of ultracision harmonic scalpel in curative gastrectomy for patients with gastric carcinoma. Methods From January 2007 to May 2008, the data of 152 patients who were treated by curative gastrectomy with ultracision harmonic scalpel were analyzed retrospectively. Results The mean operative time was (189.5±24.2) min. Compared with the conventional operation, the number of harvested lymph nodes (mean: 30.4±11.6) in patients treated with ultracision harmonic scalpel was increased. The application of ultracision harmonic scalpel could shorten the operation time, decrease the intraoperative blood loss and make the operation field clear. There were no postoperative complications, such as anastomotic leakage, lymphatic leakage and massive hemorrhage. And there was no death in this series. Conclusion The usage of ultracision harmonic scalpel which could improve the curative degree of lymphadenectomy is safe in curative gastrectomy for patients with gastric carcinoma.
【Abstract】 Objective To review the study of noninvasive imaging methods for evaluating liver fibrosis. Methods The current literatures on the use of the ultrasonography， CT and MRI for the evaluation of liver fibrosis were reviewed. The principles, applications and advancement of each imaging methods were described and summarized respectively. The features of the newly developed imaging techniques were also discussed. Results In addition to the morphologic information， the imaging examinations can also provide functional information about the circulation status， diffusion and metabolism features of liver. The potential diagnostic value of MR elastography for liver fibrosis has been addressed. Conclusion The imaging examinations, especially the functional MRI techniques, are reliable noninvasive alternatives for the evaluation of hepatic fibrosis, with bright potentiality for clinical application.
ObjectiveTo observe the morphologic characteristics of color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) and blood stream in patients with retinopathy of prematurity, and provide the new clinical diagnostic gist.MethodsCDFI was performed on 78 patients (156 eyes) with ROP at Ⅳ and Ⅴ stage, who had the diseases history such as prematurity and low birthweight which had been diagnosed by indirect ophthalmoscope, underwent the examination of CDFI. Morphologic characteristics of the results of CDFI and features of blood flow of the pathological changes were observed. ResultsIn the patients with ROP at the Ⅳ stage, a weak zonal echo originated from one side of peripheral wall of eye ball in the vitreous body, and extended to the echo of post pole and wall of eye ball and joined the echo of optic disc. In the patients with ROP at the V stage, lumplike echo connected closely with echo of lens and the circumambience was surrounded; the focus looked like lotus when combined with retinal detachment: the swelled “corona” wrapped and tightly connected with the lens, and the thin “caulis” showed weak zonal echo which attached to the optic disc. The features of blood flow showed the signal of blood stream connected with central retinal artery at the “caulis”, which was analyzed by Doppler spectrum as the bloodflow spectrum of artery and vein in the same direction which was the same as the central retinal artery and vein.ConclusionsIn patients with ROP at the IV and V stage, the results of CDFI mainly shows zonal or lumplike echo, in which the bloodflow signal extended with central retinal artery could be seen. The morphological changes of CDFI and the features of blood flow are useful in diagnosis of ROP. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2005,21:282-284)