目的 探讨重组人p53腺病毒(recombinant human p53 adenovirus, rAd-p53)在脊柱转移瘤的治疗中的近期疗效。 方法 2006年6月-2009年8月，以经皮注射rAd-p53联合放疗及单独放疗方法治疗肺鳞状细胞癌来源脊柱转移瘤患者各18例，通过比较两组治疗前后的肿瘤体积变化评价疗效，观察两组治疗后肿瘤细胞坏死率情况，检测P53蛋白在癌组织中的表达以及血清中抗特异p53基因腺病毒抗体水平。 结果 联合治疗组疗效评定有效率为66.7%，高于单独放疗组的27.8%，差异有统计学意义(Plt;0.05)。联合治疗组可见明显肿瘤细胞坏死、P53蛋白表达阳性及血清中抗特异p53基因腺病毒抗体水平强阳性。 结论 rAd-p53基因治疗能抑制肿瘤生长，联合放疗可弥补单一放疗的不足，提高放疗的敏感性，有效治疗脊柱转移瘤。
ObjectiveTo explore the percutaneous hollow screw internal fixation combined with cementoplasty in the treatment of periacetabular metastasis. Methods A retrospective study was performed on 16 patients with periacetabular metastasis who were treated with percutaneous hollow screw internal fixation combined with cementoplasty between May 2020 and May 2021. There were 9 males and 7 females. The age ranged from 40 to 73 years, with an average of 53.6 years. The tumor involved around the acetabulum, and 6 cases were located on the left and 10 cases on the right. Operation time, frequency of fluoroscopy, bed rest time, and complications were recorded. Before operation, and at 1 weeks, 3 months after operation, the visual analogue scale (VAS) score was used to evaluate the pain degree, the short-form 36 health survey scale (SF-36) score was used to evaluate the quality of life. At 3 months after operation, the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) scoring system was used to evaluate the functional recovery of patients. During follow-up, the loosening of internal fixator and bone cement leakage were observed by X-ray film. Results All patients were performed operation successfully. The operation time ranged from 57 to 82 minutes, with an average of 70.4 minutes. The frequency of intraoperative fluoroscopy was 16-34 times, with an average of 23.1 times. After operation, 1 case of incision hematoma and 1 case of scrotal edema occurred. All patients felt the pain relieved after operation. The patients started walking at 1-3 days after operation, with an average of 1.4 days. All patients were followed up 6-12 months (mean 9.7 months). The VAS and SF-36 scores significantly improved after operation when compared with the preoperative scores, and the scores at 3 months after operation were significant better than those at 1 week after operation (P<0.05). At 3 months after operation, the MSTS score ranged from 9 to 27, with an average of 19.8. Among them, 3 cases were excellent (18.75%), 8 cases were good (50%), 3 cases were fair (18.75%), and 2 cases were poor (12.5%). The excellent and good rate was 68.75%. And 11 patients returned to normal walking, 3 had mild claudication, and 2 had obvious claudication. Radiological examination showed that there were 2 cases of bone cement leakage after operation, and there was no internal fixator loosening or displacement. Conclusion Percutaneous hollow screw internal fixation combined with cementoplasty can effectively relieve pain and improve the quality of life of patients with periacetabular metastasis.
目的 探讨CT引导下髂骨成形术在治疗恶性肿瘤晚期髂骨转移中的价值。 方法 对2009年3月－2011年8月收治的12例经病理活检证实为恶性肿瘤髂骨转移患者共，分别行CT引导下骨水泥注入髂骨成形术并观察该组患者治疗后的疼痛缓解、生活质量改善及生存期等。 结果 该组患者手术后24 h内，疼痛与术前相比差异无统计学意义（t=2.433，P＞0.05），手术后3 d和7 d进行再次评估，与治疗前相比差异有统计学意义（t=3.123，3.124；P＜0.05）；术后该组患者在躯体功能、心理功能、社会功能、物质生活状态方面的生活质量评分显著高于手术前（t=2.341，2.354，3.567，3.124；P＜0.05）。该组总有效率为82.5%。且治疗后癌胚抗原（CEA）含量为（2.9 ± 0.9）μg/L，显著低于治疗前的（15.5 ± 3.2）μg/L（P＜0.01）。所有患者随访1年，其6、10、12个月的总生存率分别为15.2%、32.8%、52.0%，平均生存时间10.4个月。该组患者治疗后并发症情况发生率58.3%，均为出现了无症状的骨水泥渗漏现象，注射治疗后持续时间为0.5～3 h，平均1.87 h。 结论 髂骨成形术短期内可明显减轻恶性肿瘤髂骨转移所致的疼痛症状。CT引导下髂骨成形术安全、可靠、近期疗效确切，是姑息性治疗恶性肿瘤髂骨转移的有效方法之一。
We reported a 32 years female patient in whom lung metastasis from breast cancer was presented as solitary pulmonary pure ground-glass opacity (GGO) lesion. The patient received rational preoperative examinations and surgery though the preoperative diagnosis was not accurate. Because of different therapy strategies and purposes, it is crucial to make distinction of atypical metastases from primary cancers. Thus, for patients with a history of malignancy, possible metastasis should be taken into consideration if new GGO was found on the CT. Besides this, the follow-up interval of CT should be shortened appropriately, preoperative examinations and surgical procedures should be made according to the suggestions of multidisciplinary team.
Spine is a common site of metastasis in patients with malignant tumors, and tumor metastasis to the spine can lead to pain, pathological fractures, and nerve compression. In order to optimize the diagnosis and management of patients with spinal metastases and metastatic spinal cord compression (MSCC), the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) in the UK proposed the first diagnostic and treatment guidelines for patients with MSCC (or at risk of MSCC) in 2008. In recent years, with the rapid advancement of spinal surgery and radiotherapy technology, the standardized process of MSCC diagnosis and treatment urgently needs to be updated. In 2023, NICE launched new guidelines for spinal metastases and MSCC. Based on a thorough study of the guidelines, this article discusses and interprets pain management, corticosteroid treatment, application of bisphosphonates and denosumab, tools for assessing spinal stability and prognosis, radiation therapy, surgical timing and approach, etc., providing reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment in China.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the diagnostic value of gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA) for liver metastases. MethodsWe searched databases including CNKI, CBM, VIP, WanFang Data, PubMed, EMbase and The Cochrane Library from January 2011 to December 2014 to collect diagnostic tests about Gd-EOB-DTPA for liver metastases. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of included studies by using the QUADAS-2 (Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2) tool. Then, meta-analysis was performed by using Stata 12.0 software. ResultsA total of 15 studies from seven countries were included, involving 2 040 nodules from 701 patients. The results of meta-analysis showed that, the pooled sensitivity (Sen), specificity (Spe), positive likelihood ratio (+LR), negative likelihood ratio (-LR) and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of Gd-EOB-DTPA for liver metastases were 0.92 (95%CI 0.89 to 0.95), 0.94 (95%CI 0.89 to 0.97), 14.51 (95%CI 8.01 to 26.28), 0.08 (95%CI 0.06 to 0.12), and 177.98 (95%CI 89.50 to 353.94), respectively. The area under curve (AUC) of SROC was 0.97 (95%CI 0.95 to 0.98). The results of subgroup analysis showed that Gd-EOB-DTPA had better Sen in nodules >10 mm than the nodules ≤10 mm in diameter (>10 mm: pooled Sen=0.97, 95%CI 0.94 to 0.99; ≤10 mm: pooled Sen=0.75, 95%CI 0.65 to 0.85; P<0.001); The 3.0T MR had better Sen in diagnosing liver metastases compared with 1.5T MR (3.0T: pooled Sen=0.95, 95%CI 0.92 to 0.97; 1.5T: pooled Sen=0.90, 95%CI 0.87 to 0.94; P<0.001). ConclusionGdEOB-DTPA is of value for the detection of liver metastases. In particular, it is of high sensitivity for the detection of nodules larger than 10 mm, and for the cases using 3.0T high-field MR system. Due to limited quantity and quality of the included studies, more high-quality studies are required to verify the above conclusion.
Lung is one of the most common metastatic organs of carcinomas. Pulmonary metastasectomy has become a common procedure in thoracic surgery and its effectiveness has been demonstrated by many researches. Once the malignant tumor is combined with lung metastasis, which belongs to the category of advanced tumor, surgical resection is only a palliative treatment to reduce the tumor load. However, there are still some controversies among the surgical indications, preoperative examinations, surgical methods and resection ranges, lymph node management, recurrence and re-resection of metastatic tumor and prognostic factors. This article reviews pulmonary metastasectomy from the above aspects.
Abstract： Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of total thoracoscopic anatomic pulmonary segmentectomy for the treatment of early-stage peripheral lung carcinoma, pulmonary metastases and benign pulmonary diseases. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 20 patients who received total thoracoscopic anatomic pulmonary segmentectomy in Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University from March 2008 to November 2011. There were ten male and ten female patients with a mean age of 58.0（14-86）years. Three ports were used. The pulmonary artery and vein of the segment were dealt with Hem-o-lok or stapler. The bronchi of the segment were dealt with staplers. Staplers were used in peripheral lung of intersegmental plane. Results All the twenty patients underwent total thoracoscopic anatomic segmentectomy successfully without any conversion to thoracoctomy or lobectomy. No perioperative morbidity or mortality occurred. Postoperative pathological examinations showed lung cancer in 10 patients, pulmonary metastases in 3 patients and benign pulmonary diseases in 7 patients. The mean operative time was 133.0（90-240）min. The mean blood loss was 85.0（50-200）ml. The chest tubes were maintained in position for 3.2 （2-7） d. The mean postoperative hospitalization time was 6.7 （4-11）d. Conclusion Total thoracoscopic anatomic pulmonary segmentectomy is a feasible and safe technique to be used selectively for Ⅰa stage lung cancer, pulmonary metastases and benign pulmonary diseases that are not appropriate for wedge resection.