Objective To investigate levels of 8-isoprostane in serum of patients with bronchial asthma. Methods Eighteen patients diagnosed with acute exacerbation of asthma were enrolled as the experimental group from Department of Respiratory Medicine from February 2009 to August 2009. After treatment all the patients reached remission. Twenty healthy workers from Department of Respiratory Medicine were enrolled as the control group in August 2009. The levels of 8-isoprostane in serum of all subjects were measured, and their FEV1% pred was also evaluated. Results The levels of 8-isoprostane in serum were significantly higher in patients with acute exacerbation of asthma compared with those in remission stage and the healthy control group [ ( 157. 46 ±46. 99) pg/mL vs. ( 43. 52 ±13. 62) pg/mL and( 15. 23 ±1. 96) pg/mL, P lt;0. 01] . Meanwhile the levels of 8-isoprostane in serum of patients with asthma in remission stage were significantly higher compared with the healthy control group ( P lt;0. 05) . The levels of 8-isoprostane in serum were negatively correlated with FEV1% pred in the asthma group( r = - 0. 533,P lt;0. 05) . Conclusions 8-isoprostane as amarker of oxidative stress response involves in the pathogenesis of asthma. Monitoring 8-isoprostane levels in serum may reflect the state of oxidative stress, and may be useful for severity judgment and follow-up of treatment effectiveness in patients with asthma.
Patients with atrial fibrillation complicated with kidney disease have a high risk of stroke and bleeding, and have some limitations or contraindications to oral anticoagulants. Left atrial appendage closure has been used as an alternative to oral anticoagulation in patients with atrial fibrillation, but its efficacy and safety in patients with atrial fibrillation and chronic kidney disease need to be further confirmed. This paper intends to review the research progress of left atrial appendage occlusion in patients with atrial fibrillation complicated with chronic renal insufficiency.
ObjectiveTo learn the development and implementation of orphan drug policies, in order to provide decision-making references for the establishment of orphan drug policy according with China's national conditions. MethodsWe electronically searched databases including CBM, CNKI, VIP, EMbase, PubMed, Web of Knowledge, National Library of Medicine, CRD database, The Campbell Library, The Cochrane Library and the drug administration websites of USA, Canada, UK, Ireland, the Netherlands, Germany, Spain, France, Australia, New Zealand, China, India, South Korea, Japan, and South Africa to collect studies about orphan drug policy. The search date was up to February 2014. Two reviewers independently screened literature, and extracted data. Then, all included orphan drug policies were summarized and a comparative analysis was performed. ResultsA total of 110 studies were included. USA, Singapore, Japan, Australia, European Union, Chinese Taiwan and South Korea had introduced orphan drugs incentive policies. South Africa, India, Canada, New Zealand and Chinese Hongkong were producing orphan drugs policy frameworks. The main items of orphan drug policy included marketing exclusivity, tax incentives, technical assistance, grant funding, expedite approval process and prolong re-evaluated time. ConclusionIn mainland China, there is no orphan disease management policy. China should establish specific organization and working procedures, promote orphan drug policy related legislative work, clarify the definition and prevalence of orphan diseases, provide incentive mechanism to promote the research and development of orphan drugs, provide enterprises to develop compensation mechanism to safeguard the rights and interests of patients, as well as establish patients register network platform to track the processes of the diseases.
Objective To systematically review the association between -589C/T polymorphism in IL-4 gene and the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Method PubMed, EMbase, CNKI and WanFang Data databases were electronically searched to identify case-control studies which investigated the association between IL-4 -589C/T polymorphism and the risk of COPD. The search date was up to February 23th, 2016. Two reviewers independently screened the studies, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies, and then meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.3 software. Results A total of 8 case-control studies involving 1 400 COPD cases and 1 073 controls were included in meta-analysis. The results showed that: the -589C/T polymorphism in IL-4 gene was not associated with the risk of COPD (TT+TC vs. CC: OR=0.84, 95%CI 0.61 to 1.15, P=0.27; TT vs. CC+TC: OR=0.95, 95%CI 0.72 to 1.25, P=0.69; TT vs. CC: OR=1.14, 95%CI 0.74 to 1.76, P=0.55; TC vs. CC: OR=0.83, 95%CI 0.66 to 1.05, P=0.12; T vs. C: OR=0.91, 95%CI 0.72 to 1.14, P=0.40). Conclusion The IL-4 -589C/T polymorphism is not associated with the risk of COPD.
Objective To study the predictive value of inspiratory capacity (IC) and total lung capacity (TLC) on acute exacerbation of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods The in-patients due to acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD) from February 2017 to March 2019 were recruited in the study. Research data were collected during the recovery period and one year follow-up , and the patients were divided into two groups according to whether there was another acute exacerbation. Results A total of 372 patients were included in the study. In the patients with acute exacerbation, the age and TLC as a percentage of the expected value (TLC%pred) were higher, while IC as a percentage of the expected value (IC%pred) and the ratio of IC and TLC (IC/TLC) were lower. Univariate analysis revealed that IC/TLC≤25% was a significant predictor of acute exacerbation (P<0.001) after the AECOPD patients were discharged. Multivariable analysis revealed age (OR=1.25, 95%CI 1.17 to 1.44, P<0.001) and IC/TLC≤25% (OR=1.68, 95%CI 1.36 to 2.07, P<0.001) were independent risk factors of AECOPD.Conclusions Decreased IC/TLC significantly correlates with poor prognosis of COPD. IC/TLC≤25% is an independent risk factor for acute exacerbation.
Objective To explore association of apolipoprotein B (ApoB) gene rs676210 and rs2854725polymorphisms with gallstone disease and differences of polymorphisms between Uygur population and Han population. Methods A case control study was used. One hundred and eighty-nine patients with gallstone disease from 2010 to 2014 in our hospital were collected, of which 99 cases of Uygur population and 90 cases of Han population. One hundred and ninety age- and sex-matched healthy volunteer accepted physical examination in our hospital over the same period were collected as control, of which 93 Uygur population and 97 Han population. The ApoB genotyping of DNA samples were amplified by using SNaPshot single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). The differences of polymorphisms between Uygur population and Han population and between patients with gallstone disease and healthy volunteer were analyzed. Results ① The differences of ApoB gene rs676210 and rs2854725 allele frequencies were not found between the patients with gallstone disease and healthy volunteer whether Uygur population or Han population (Uygur population: rs676210:χ2=0.229,P=0.633; rs2854725:χ2=0.028,P=0.866. Han population: rs676210:χ2=0.608,P=0.435; rs2854725:χ2=2.673,P=0.102). ② The differences of ApoB gene rs676210 and rs2854725 allele frequencies were not found between Uygur population and Han population whether the patients with gallstone disease or healthy volunteer (Patients with gallstone disease: rs676210:χ2=0.103,P=0.748; rs2854725:χ2=3.139,P=0.076. Healthy volunteer: rs676210:χ2=0.000,P=0.990; rs2854725:χ2=2.673,P=0.102). ③ The differences of ApoB gene rs676210 and rs2854725 genotype frequencies were not found between the patients with gallstone disease and healthy volunteer whether Uygur population or Han population (Uygur population: rs676210:χ2=2.301,P=0.317; rs2854725:χ2=3.040,P=0.219. Han population: rs676210:χ2=4.909,P=0.086; rs2854725:χ2=0.107,P=0.744). ④ The differences of ApoB gene rs676210 and rs2854725 genotype frequencies were not found between Uygur population and Han population patients with gallstone disease (rs676210:χ2=0.235,P=0.899; rs2854725:χ2=3.630,P=0.057). The difference of ApoB gene rs676210 genotype frequency was not found between Uygur population and Han population with healthy volunteer (χ2=1.026,P=0.599). While the difference of ApoB gene rs2854725 genotype frequency was found between Han population and Uygur population with healthy volunteer (χ2=9.153,P=0.010). When it was compared in pairs,α=0.05/3=0.016, the difference of G/T and T/T frequencies was found between Uygur population and Han population (χ2=6.128,P=0.013), G/T of Han population (27.8%) was higher than that of Uygur population (12.9%). Conclusions ApoB gene rs676210 and rs2854725 polymorphisms are not associated with gallstone disease. For healthy volunteer, ApoB gene rs676210 polymorphism shows no ethnics-specific difference between Uygur population and Han population, but ApoB gene rs2854725 polymorphism mightbe show a difference between Uygur population and Han population. Larger sample sizes and multicenter study are needed to confirm it.
ObjectiveTo compare the disinfection effect of peracetic acid versus glutaraldehyde in disinfection of flexible endoscope, and provide suggestions for choosing endoscopic disinfectant.MethodsWe searched literatures in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang database and VIP database, with the retrieval time from the establishment of each database to July 2017, screening and comparing the disinfection qualification rate of peroxyacetic acid versus glutaraldehyde in immersion disinfection of flexible endoscope. The number of flexible endoscopies after disinfection was the main effect index, and a fixed effect model analysis was performed.ResultsSix comparative studies were enrolled in this Meta-analysis, with a total of 786 flexible endoscopes. The result of Meta-analysis showed that the qualification rate of disinfection of peracetic acid was higher than that of glutaraldehyde with the same disinfection time [relative risk=1.09, 95% confidence interval (1.06, 1.13), P<0.000 01].ConclusionThe disinfection effect of peroxyacetic acid immersion method is better than that of glutaraldehyde.