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PRELIMINARY CLINICAL EFFECT OF PROXIMAL FEMORAL NAIL ANTI-ROTATION TO TREAT FEMORALINTERTROCHANTERIC FRACTURES

Objective To evaluate the primary cl inical effect of proximal femoral nail anti-rotation (PFNAR) in treating femoral intertrochanteric fractures, to summarize operation skills and to analyze correlated curative effective influentialfactors. Methods From July 2006 to May 2007, 19 cases of intertrochanteric fractures (including 8 males, 11 females, aged45-87 years old) were treated with closed reduction and PFNAR fixation. Fractures were caused by fall ing. The locations were left sides in 10 cases and right sides in 9 cases. According to AO classification, there were 14 cases of type A2 and 5 cases of type A3. Operative time, volume of blood loss and weight bear time were analyzed, the condition of fracture union was observed and the hip function was evaluated using Harris criterion after 9 months of follow-up. Results Operative time ranged 23-78 minutes with an average time of 47 minutes, the volume of blood loss ranged 50-120 mL with an average volume of 85 mL, getting-outof- bed time ranged 2-14 days with an average time of 7.4 days; the weight bearing time ranged 10-14 weeks with an average time of 12.4 weeks. No intra-operative femoral fractures and no regional or deep infection occurred during hospital ization period. Seventeen cases were followed up from 3 months to 12 months with an average time of 9.4 months, and achieved bone heal ing within 15-18 weeks with an average time of 16.5 weeks. No compl ications such as delay heal ing, coxa vara or coxa valga, cut-out and screw extraction occurred. Fifteen cases were followed up over 9 months; according to the Harris criterion for evaluation, the results were excellent in 13 cases, good in 1 case and fair in 1 case, the excellent and good rate was 93.3%. Conclusion PFNAR has the advantages of micro invasion, easy-to-perform, less blood loss, less bone loss and stable fixation in treatment of unstable comminuted intertrochanteric fracture, especially in old patients with osteoporosis.

EFFECTIVENESS OF OPEN REDUCTION AND INTERNAL FIXATION WITHOUT OPENING JOINT CAPSULE ON TIBIAL PLATEAU FRACTURE

ObjectiveTo introduce the surgery method to reset and fix tibial plateau fracture without opening joint capsule, and evaluate the safety and effectiveness of this method. MethodsBetween July 2011 and July 2013, 51 patients with tibial plateau fracture accorded with the inclusion criteria were included. All of 51 patients, 17 cases underwent open reduction and internal fixation without opening joint capsule in trial group, and 34 cases underwent traditional surgery method in control group. There was no significant difference in gender, age, cause of injury, time from injury to admission, side of injury, and types of fracture between 2 groups (P>0.05). The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, incision length, incision heal ing, and fracture healing were compared between 2 groups. The tibial-femoral angle and collapse of joint surface were measured on X-ray film. At last follow-up, joint function was evaluated with Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) knee function scale. ResultsThe intraoperative blood loss in trial group was significantly less than that in control group (P<0.05). The incision length in trial group was significantly shorter than that in control group (P<0.05). Difference was not significant in operation time and the rate of incision heal ing between 2 groups (P>0.05). The patients were followed up 12-30 months (mean, 20.4 months) in trial group and 12-31 months (mean, 18.2 months) in control group. X-ray films indicated that all cases in 2 groups obtained fracture heal ing; there was no significant difference in the fracture healing time between 2 groups (t=1.382, P=0.173). On X-ray films, difference was not significant in tibial-femoral angle and collapse of joint surface between 2 groups (P>0.05). HSS score of the knee in trial group was significantly higher than that of control group (t=3.161, P=0.003). ConclusionIt can reduce the intraoperative blood loss and shorten the incision length to use open reduction and internal fixation without opening joint capsule for tibial plateau fracture. Traction of joint capsule is helpful in the reduction and good recovery of joint surface collapse. In addition, the surgery without opening joint capsule can avoid joint stiffness and obtain better joint function.

Plating versus Intramedullary Nailing of Humeral Shaft Fractures in Adults: A Systematic Review

Objective　To compare the efficacy of plating versus intramedullary nailing in the treatment of adult humeral shaft fracture. Methods　We identified eligible studies in PubMed (1950 to September 2007), MEDLINE (1950 to September 2007), OVID CINAHL (1950 to September 2007), OVID EBM (3rd Quarter 2007), CBMdisk (1978 to June 2007) and CNKI (1981 to June 2007). We also handsearched several Chinese orthopedic journals. Data were extracted and evaluated by two reviewers independently. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing plating versus intramedullary nailing for humeral shaft fracture in adults were included and the quality of these trials was critically assessed. Data analyses were conducted with Stata 10.0. Results　Six RCTs involving 425 patients were included, among which the statistical heterogeneity was not significant (Pgt;0.1). Cumulative meta-analyses showed that intramedullary nailing might increase the re-operation rate in studies conducted before the year of 2000 (OR=0.39, 95%CI 0.17 to 0.90, P=0.03), but the difference was not significant in studies conducted after 2000 (OR=0.54, 95%CI 0.27 to 1.08, P=0.08). Intramedullary nailing might increase the incidence of shoulder impingement compared with plating (OR=0.13, 95%CI 0.03 to 0.65, P=0.01). The rates of non-union, deep infection, iatrogenic radial nerve injury and internal fixation failure were similar between plating and intramedullary nailing. Meta-analyses were not conducted for union time, operation time and bleeding (transfusion) volume, because the relevant data were not available from the included trials. Conclusion　Intramedullary nailing may increase the incidence of shoulder impingement. The rates of re-operation, non-union, deep infection, iatrogenic radial nerve injury and internal fixation failure are similar between plating and intramedullary nailing. Further well-designed and large-scale randomized controlled trials are required to determine the effects of plating and intramedullary nailing on these outcomes.

ONE-STAGE OPERATION FOR PELVIS AND ACETABULAR FRACTURES COMBINED WITH Morel-Lavallée INJURY BY INTERNAL FIXATION ASSOCIATED WITH VACUUM SEALING DRAINAGE

ObjectiveTo investigate the methods and effectiveness of one-stage operation for pelvis and acetabular fractures combined with Morel-Lavallée injury by internal fixation associated with vacuum sealing drainage (VSD). MethodsBetween June 2008 and October 2012, 15 cases of pelvis and acetabular fractures combined with Morel-Lavallée injury were treated. There were 5 males and 10 females, aged from 18 to 67 years (mean, 36.8 years). Fractures were caused by traffic accident in 11 cases and crashing injury of heavy object in 4 cases. The time from injury to hospitalization was 3 hours to 9 days (mean, 5.4 days). Morel-Lavallée injury located in the above posterior superior iliac spine in 4 cases, greater trochanter in 7 cases, and anterior proximal thigh in 4 cases. In 10 cases complicated by pelvic fracture, there were 1 case of anteroposterior compression type, 3 cases of lateral compression type, 5 cases of vertical shear type, and 1 case of compound injury type; in 5 cases complicated by acetabular fracture, there were 1 case of transverse fracture, 1 case of posterior wall and posterior column fracture, 1 case of transverse acetabulum plus posterior wall fracture, and 2 cases of both columns fracture. Open reduction and internal fixation were used to treat pelvic and acetabular fractures, and VSD to treat Morel-Lavallée injury. When the drainage volume was less than 20 mL/d, interrupted wound suture or free skin grafting was performed. ResultsThe hospitalization time was 16-31 days (mean, 20.8 days). Thirteen cases were followed up 4-16 months (mean, 7.8 months). The healing time of Morel-Lavallée injury was 16-36 days after operation (mean, 21.3 days). All the wounds had primary healing, and no infection occurred. The X-ray films showed that all fractures healed, with a mean healing time of 13.6 weeks (range, 11-18 weeks). At 6.5 months after operation, according to Majeed function scoring system in 8 cases of pelvic fracture, the results were excellent in 5 cases, good in 2 cases, and fair in 1 case; according to Harris hip scoring in 4 cases of acetabular fracture, the results were excellent in 2 cases, good in 1 case, and fair in 1 case. ConclusionTo pelvis-acetabular fractures combined with Morel-Lavallée injury, internal fixation treatment for fracture and VSD for Morel-Lavallée injury not only can cure merge Morel-Lavallée injury effectively, but also can guarantee the operation timing and incision safty of the pelvis-acetabular fractures.

围手术期顽固性低舒张压致高龄患者骨折内固定术后脑干梗死一例

微型网状钛板“捆扎式”固定治疗跟骨前结节骨折

目的总结采用微型网状钛板“捆扎式”固定治疗跟骨前结节骨折的疗效。 方法2010年8月－2013年8月，采用切开复位微型网状钛板“捆扎式”固定治疗跟骨前结节骨折13例（13足）。男8例，女5例；年龄20～53岁，平均37.5岁。致伤原因：扭伤9例，高处坠落伤4例。伤后至手术时间4～8 d，平均5.5 d。 结果患者切口均Ⅰ期愈合。13例患者均获随访，随访时间6～18个月，平均10.5个月。X线片复查示，骨折均愈合，愈合时间3～6个月，平均4.5个月；均未发生骨不连，随访期间无创伤性骨关节炎发生。1例患者行走时跟骰关节偶感疼痛。末次随访时，根据美国矫形足踝协会（AOFAS）足部评分标准，获优11例，良1例，可1例，优良率为92.3%。 结论采用微型网状钛板“捆扎式”固定跟骨前结节骨折，避免了跨跟骰关节固定，有利于关节功能的恢复。

股骨粗隆间骨折内固定术后并发股深动脉假性动脉瘤一例

目的总结1例股骨粗隆间骨折内固定术后并发股深动脉假性动脉瘤诊治体会。 方法2011年10月收治1例摔伤致右侧股骨粗隆间骨折的女性患者，年龄78岁。入院后采用股骨近端防旋髓内钉（proximal femoral nail antirotation，PFNA）行骨折复位内固定术。术后第9天出现患侧大腿疼痛并逐渐加重，血红蛋白降低。第13天B超检查示右大腿前侧包块。急诊行右下肢超选择性血管造影术，示股深动脉第2穿支远端假性动脉瘤形成。用弹簧圈行第2穿支动脉栓塞术。 结果栓塞术后患侧大腿疼痛明显减轻，肿胀逐渐消退，顺利出院。患者获随访2年，右股骨粗隆间骨折完全愈合，患侧髋关节功能Harris评分为优。 结论股骨粗隆间骨折内固定术后如出现不明原因患侧大腿疼痛、肿胀、血红蛋白进行性下降等，应警惕假性动脉瘤的发生，行选择性血管造影术明确并选择相应治疗方法。

Proximal Femoral Anatomic Plate in Intertrochanteric Fracture of Femur Reverse the Application of Sub

目的:探讨股骨近端解剖钢板在治疗股骨反转子间骨折的疗效和临床价值。方法:系统回顾2005年5月至2009年9月21例股骨反转子间骨折患者,其中男性18例,女性3例,年龄36～67岁,平均52岁,AO/OTA分型:A3.1型12例,A3.2型3例,A3.3型6例,应用股骨近端解剖钢板行内固定治疗。结果:21例患者全部随访,随访时间6～18个月,平均13个月,骨折全部愈合、髋关节功能按Zncherman提出的髋部骨折专用评分标准评估,优17例,良2例,差1例,优良率90.4%,术后无钢板、螺钉断裂。结论:股骨近端解剖钢板是治疗股骨反转子间骨折的有效方法。

Different Treatments for 29 Cases of Femoral Neck Fracture in Elder People

目的:总结空心螺钉、DHS或人工关节置换治疗股骨颈骨折的适应证及效果。方法:分别用空心螺钉、DHS固定和人工关节置换3种方法治疗获得随访的中老年股骨颈骨折29例。年龄51～85岁,平均68.3岁。空心螺钉组8例,DHS组15例,人工关节组6例。结果:随访29例,随访时间1～3年,平均2~3年。围手术期无1例死亡,无切口感染,无内固定断裂,无关节脱位。发生退钉2例,股骨头坏死1例。功能评定:优20例,良6例,差3例。结论:根据患者的年龄、经济状况、骨折部位、骨折分型合理地选择治疗方法,是减少并发症,提高治疗效果和老年人生活质量的关键。

一个切口两个入路治疗肘关节三联征疗效观察

目的总结采用一个切口两个入路的方法治疗肘关节三联征的临床效果。方法2011 年 1 月—2016 年 1 月，收治肘关节三联征患者 13 例。男 10 例，女 3 例；年龄 21～55 岁，平均 35 岁。致伤原因：摔伤 8 例，高处坠落伤 5 例；均为闭合性骨折。桡骨头骨折按 Mason 分型，Ⅱ型 7 例，Ⅲ型 6 例；尺骨冠状突骨折按 O’Driscoll 分型，均为尖部骨折，第一亚型 2 例，第二亚型 11 例。伤后至手术时间 7～21 d，平均 12 d。采用肘部前外侧切口，将皮瓣分别向前、后掀起，经前路和外侧入路分别修复冠状突、桡骨头和外侧副韧带。结果患者手术伤口均Ⅰ期愈合。13 例患者均获随访，随访时间 6～12 个月，平均 9 个月。无桡神经损伤、感染、迟发性尺神经炎、复发性不稳定、疼痛及内固定物松动等并发症发生，切口无瘢痕挛缩。X 线片示骨折均愈合，愈合时间 3～8 个月，平均 5.6 个月。肘关节稳定性良好，无复发性脱位；4 例患者 X 线片示有轻度异位骨化征象，但不影响肘关节功能。末次随访时根据 Mayo 肘关节功能评分标准进行评价，获优 8 例，良 2 例，可 3 例，优良率 76.9%。结论采用一个切口两个入路方法治疗肘关节三联征，骨折固定牢固可靠，患者早期即能进行功能锻炼，肘关节稳定性良好，是一种有效可行的治疗方式。