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视网膜动静脉交叉征患者左心室肥厚发生率

麻醉苏醒期高血压患者的临床观察及护理

目的　分析麻醉苏醒期患者出现高血压的原因，并采取相应的观察护理措施。 方法　回顾性分析2012 年4 月－7月进入麻醉苏醒室的5 005例患者，记录出现高血压患者的临床资料。 结果　麻醉苏醒期发生高血压患者184例（3.7%），其中既往有高血压病史的患者105例（56.8%），无高血压病史的患者79例（43.2%）；使用镇痛药者42例（23.2%），未使用镇痛药者142例（76.8%）；使用降压药者93例（51.7%），未使用降压药者91例（49.3%）；发生高血压给予处理后观察20 min，其收缩压和舒张压与未处理前比较有统计学差异（P＜0.05）。 结论　及时有效的分析麻醉复苏期间患者发生高血压的原因，给予及时的镇痛和降压处理，能有效改善患者的血压，保证患者麻醉复苏期间的安全。

青少年高血压发病因素分析

【摘要】 目的 了解青少年高血压的发病因素。 方法 收集2008年1月-2009年12月共98例青少年高血压患者的临床资料，统计分析其体重指数、家族史、个人史及心理压力。 结果 98例中，肥胖症58例，占59.2%；心理压力大20例，占20.4%；家族性高血压18例，占18.4%；不良饮食习惯51例，占52.0%；不良生活嗜好43例，占43.9%。 结论 青少年高血压的发病因素主要有肥胖症、不良的个人习惯、心理压力大、家族遗传性等。

糖尿病合并高血压对视网膜病变的影响

慢性间歇缺氧引起高血压的发病机制

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征( OSAHS)是临床常见疾病。高血压、肺动脉高压、冠心病、心力衰竭、心律失常、猝死及脑血管疾病等都与OSAHS 存在密切相关性, 但对于OSAHS 所致全身性疾病的发病机制尚未完全阐明。已知慢性间歇低氧( chronic intermittent hypoxia, CIH) 和睡眠结构紊乱是OSAHS 的主要病理生理特征, 因而通常将啮齿类动物反复暴露于短暂间歇低氧环境中来模拟阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停( obstructive sleep apnea, OSA) 的低氧血症, 并借此探讨OSAHS 所致疾病的机制[ 1 ] ,尤其是与高血压的相关性。近年来, 对于间歇低氧( intermittent hypoxia, IH) 导致这些疾病发生的分子机制取得诸多进展, 包括神经系统、循环系统、炎症介质和转录因子等方面。

麻醉苏醒期血流动力学并发症的观察

目的观察麻醉苏醒室（PACU）患者血流动力学并发症的发生率，及时纠正患者的高血压、低血压及心律失常等。 方法2012年7月－11月对全身麻醉手术后入PACU的8 440例患者资料进行回顾性统计，分析血流动力学并发症的发生率。 结果术后麻醉苏醒期高血压的发生率为4.6%（388/8 440），低血压的发生率为0.3%（22/8 440），心律失常的发生率为1.1%（89/8 440）。 结论对入PACU的患者应进行全面评估并在PACU期间严密观察患者的病情变化，以减少PACU并发症的发生，保证患者在PACU期间的安全复苏。

Combination Medication with Antihypertensive Drugs and Venlafaxine for the Treatment of Patients with Senile Primary Hypertension and AnxietyDepression Disorder

【摘要】 目的 探讨降高血压药物联合抗焦虑抑郁药物万拉法新治疗老年性原发高血压伴焦虑抑郁障碍的疗效及安全性。 方法 纳入2006年10月-2008年10月我院门诊和住院诊治的老年性原发高血压伴焦虑抑郁障碍患者100例,随机分为干预组和对照组。所有患者给予常规降压药物治疗,干预组另外给予万拉法新治疗,治疗12周后评价临床疗效。结果 干预组临床降压疗效总有效率940%,显著高于对照组总有效率800%(Plt;005)。两组患者的收缩压、舒张压与治疗前比较均显著改善(Plt;005),干预组患者与对照组比较血压明显改善(Plt;005)。干预组临床抗焦虑抑郁疗效总有效率960%,显著高于对照组总有效率580%(Plt;005)。两组均无明显的不良反应。结论 降高血压药物联合抗焦虑抑郁药物万拉法新治疗老年性原发高血压伴焦虑抑郁障碍疗效肯定,且安全可靠,值得临床推广应用。【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of antihypertensive drugs combined with antianxiety depression drug venlafaxine for treatment of patients with senile primary hypertension (SPH) and anxietydepression disorder (AD). Methods One hundred SPH patients with AD with were randomly divided into an intervention group and a control group. All cases were given antihypertensive drugs medication,while the intervention group was given venlafaxine. After 12 weeks of treatment,the clinical efficacy was evaluated. Results The antihypertensive efficacy rate in the intervention group was 940%,significantly higher than that of the control group 800% (Plt;005). The systolic blood pressure(SBP)and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of the two groups significantly improved compared with those before treatment (Plt;005), and the intervention group’ SBP and DBP improved significantly than those of the control group (Plt;005). The total effective rate of antianxiety depression efficacy of the intervention group was 960%, significantly higher than that of the control group 580% (Plt;005). The two groups had no significant adverse reactions. Conclusion For patients with senile primary hypertension and anxietydepression disorder,the combination medication with antihypertensive drugs and venlafaxine was safe,reliable and worthy of clinical application.

Internal relationship between Hippo pathway and pulmonary hypertension

Pulmonary hypertension is a kind of progressive pulmonary vascular diseases in which there is excessive vasoconstriction and abnormal pulmonary vascular remodeling, and then a gradual increase in pulmonary arterial pressure, and it eventually leads to right ventricular failure and even death. The pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension is still uncertain, but some studies suggest that Hippo pathway or some components of the Hippo pathway may be involved in the progress of pulmonary hypertension. In this review, we describe the mechanism of the Hippo pathway or some components of the Hippo pathway in the progress of pulmonary hypertension.

Clinical Analysis with Microsurgical Treatment in Patients with Hypertensive Basal Ganglia Hemorrhage

【摘要】 目的 探讨高血压基底节出血的显微外科治疗技巧、效果和预后。 方法 回顾分析2007年3月-2009年10月52例高血压所致基底节出血患者的临床表现、影像学资料、手术方式、治疗效果及随访资料。 结果 52例患者均于显微镜下清除血肿，无手术死亡。39例患者术后神经功能障碍得到改善，8例症状加重持续昏迷，5例术后1周死亡。术后随访6~18个月，35例生活基本能够自理[日常生活能力量表（ADL）Ⅰ~Ⅲ级]，12例长期卧床（ADL Ⅳ级）。 结论 采用显微外科技术治疗高血压基底节出血效果良好。【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the technique, effectiveness, and prognosis of microsurgical treatment of hypertensive basal ganglia hemorrhage. Methods A retrospective study was carried out on 52 patients with hypertensive basal ganglia hemorrhage from March 2007 to October 2009. The clinical presentation, neuroradiological data, surgical approach, therapeutic efficacy and follow-up data were reviewed. Results All of the hematoma were removed under microscope without surgery-related death. After operation, the functional disorders of nervous system were improved in 39 patients. Eight patients deteriorated with persistent coma after operation, five patients died. The survivors were followed-up for six to 18 months. Thirty-five patients were able to self-care with some efforts (ADL Ⅰ-Ⅲ), and 12 patients had hemiparalysis or coma (ADL Ⅳ). Conclusion Microsurgery is an effective treatment for hypertensive basal ganglia hemorrhage with microsurgical technique.

Emergency Treatment and Analysis of 160 Emergency Patients With Hypertensive Crises

【摘要】 目的 探讨高血压危象评估和处理原则及对高血压危象急诊处理的指导意义。 方法 依据高血压危象评估和处理原则对2008年1月-2009年12月期间收治的160例高血压危象患者进行诊断和治疗。结果 160例高血压危象患者中,高血压急症134例,高血压亚急症26例。高血压急症中,以心脑血管病变为主,包括脑卒中、急性冠脉综合征和急性左侧心力衰竭。依据高血压危象评估和处理原则进行急诊处理,能够对高血压危象进行准确评估和有效处理,减少诊治失误,降低死亡率并改善预后。结论 有关高血压危象的评估和处理原则能够指导高血压危象的急诊处理,取得良好的预后。【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the principles of evaluation and management of hypertensive crises in order to guide emergency clinical practice for better managements and prognosis. Methods One hundred and sixty patients with hypertensive crises admitted to our department from January 2008 to December 2009 had been diagnosed and treated. Results There were 134 patients with hypertensive emergencies (HE) and 26 patients with hypertensive urgencies(HU)in accordance with those principle. Cardiocerebralvascular diseases were the main symptom of HE including stroke, acute coronary syndrome and acute left ventricular failure. According to those principles,the emergency management was carried out, accuracy evaluation and effective management of hypertensive crises could reduce wrong diagnosis and treatment,decrease mortality and improve prognosis. Conclusion The principle of evaluation and management of hypertensive crises could guide the emergency management of hypertensive crises and obtain better prognosis．