Objective To select relatively specific biomarkers in serum from lung adenocarcinoma patients using surface-enhanced laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry （SELDI-TOF-MS） Protein Chip technology, and study the follow-up results of postoperative serum proteomic patterns. Methods Serum samples from 71 lung adenocarcinoma patients. 71 healthy volunteers with matched gender, age and history of smoking were analyzed by using weak cation exchange 2（WCX2） Protein Chip to select potentially biomarkers. Seventy-one patients were followed-up till 9 months after surgery. Compare the serum proteomic patterns 3,6 and 9 months after surgery. Results Five highly expressed potential biomarkers were identified with the relative molecular weights of 4 047.79, 4 203. 99, 4 959. 81, 5 329. 30 and 7 760. 12 Da. The postoperative serum proteomic patterns changed among individuals, and correlated with patients＇ clinical stage. Conclusions SELDI-TOF-MS Protein Chip technology is a quick, easy, convenient, and high-throughout analyzing method capable of selecting relatively specific, potential biomarkers from the serum of lung adenocarcinoma patients and may have attractive clinical value.
ObjectiveEarly diagnosis of biliary atresia (BA) is crucial for improving patient prognosis. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of serum matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) in diagnosing BA. MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive search of English-language databases (PubMed, Elsevier, Web of Science) and Chinese-language databases (CNKI, WanFang Data, VIP) for studies published from the inception of these databases up to December 30, 2024. Eligible studies included diagnostic data based on serum MMP-7 and GGT levels from children with BA and non-BA cholestasis. Results Through a systematic review and meta-analysis, a total of 24 publications encompassing 33 studies were included, covering a combined cohort of 6 879 children with cholestasis. The results of the binary diagnostic model analysis revealed that the pooled sensitivity and specificity of serum matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) were 93% (95%CI 92 to 94) and 87% (95%CI 85 to 88), respectively. The positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) for MMP-7 were 8.63 (95%CI 5.88 to 12.66), 0.09 (95%CI 0.06 to 0.13), and 115.31 (95%CI 69.08 to 192.48), respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for MMP-7 was 0.9659, indicating excellent diagnostic performance. In comparison, gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) demonstrated a pooled sensitivity of 76% (95%CI 73 to 78) and specificity of 80% (95%CI 78 to 82). The corresponding PLR, NLR, and DOR for GGT were 3.50 (95%CI 2.77 to 4.43), 0.30 (95%CI 0.25 to 0.36), and 12.69 (95%CI 9.18 to 17.55), respectively. The AUC for GGT was calculated to be 0.849 4, reflecting moderate diagnostic accuracy. ConclusionSerum MMP-7 demonstrates higher diagnostic accuracy compared to GGT, which may significantly enhance the diagnostic efficiency for biliary atresia. However, due to its heterogeneity, further multicenter, large-sample, prospective studies that adhere strictly to experimental protocols are necessary to validate its diagnostic accuracy.
Lung cancer is a malignant tumor with the highest incidence and mortality in China. Early diagnosis and early treatment is the key to improve the survival and prognosis of patients with lung cancer. In recent years, many studies have focused on biomarkers of lung cancer. Emerging biomarkers tests have shown some potential in lung cancer screening. Combining biomarkers, imaging omics and artificial intelligence to establish a comprehensive model for lung cancer screening and prediction may be the development direction for improving lung cancer screening in the future. This paper summarizes the application of biomarkers in lung cancer screening, introduces the emerging biomarkers and new technologies, and discusses the application prospects of biomarkers in lung cancer screening, in order to providea theoretical basis for improving screening, early diagnosis and early treatment of lung cancer.
ObjectiveTo explore the clinical significance of plasma biomarkers of prethrombotic state in lung cancer patients. Methods90 patients with lung cancer (lung cancer group) and 90 normal controls (control group) of Han population in Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital from June 2010 to June 2012 were recruited in the study. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the plasma levels of von willebrand factor(vWF),P-selectin,and thrombin-antithrombine complex (TAT). Coagulation indicators were detected by ACLTOP full automatic coagulation analyzer. Solidification method was used to detect the plasma levels of prothrombin time (PT),activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and fibrinogen (FIB). Turbidimetric immunoassay was used to detect D-dimer concentration,and chemiluminescence substrate was used to assay antithrombin Ⅲ (AT-Ⅲ). ResultsIn the lung cancer group,the plasma levels of vWF,P-selectin,TAT,D-dimer and FIB were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05),and the plasma levels of APTT and AT-Ⅲ were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05),while there was no significant difference in plasma PT level(P>0.05). In stage Ⅳ lung cancer subgroup,the plasma levels of vWF,P-selectin,TAT,D-dimer and FIB were significantly higher than those in the stage Ⅲ subgroup or the stage Ⅰ+Ⅱ subgroup (P<0.05). And the plasma levels of PT and APTT were significantly lower than those in the stage Ⅲ subgroup or the stage Ⅰ+Ⅱ subgroup (P<0.05). ConclusionThe patients with lung cancer exist obvious prethrombotic state. AT-Ⅲ,vWF, D-dimer, FIB,TAT,P-selectin and APTT can be used as reliable hematol markers in early diagnosis of prethrombotic state. vWF,P-selectin,TAT and D-dimer have higher sensitivity and specificity.
Pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis (PLAM) is a rare chronic multi-system neoplastic disease that occurs in women of childbearing age. It lacks specific clinical manifestations and requires reliable biomarkers to achieve precise management. In recent years, with the emergence of emerging biomarkers, the detection rate of PLAM has been significantly improved, which can better monitor disease progression and provide timely feedback on the efficacy. These emerging biomarkers mainly include vascular endothelial growth factor-D, vitamin D-binding protein, CT score and prostaglandins. This article will focus on the current research results, and summarize the research progress of emerging biomarkers in PLAM diagnosis, prognosis evaluation, and disease monitoring, aiming to provide new ideas for the research and treatment of PLAM.
Insomnia is a major challenge to human health at present. A clear diagnosis of insomnia is very important for health assessment. The World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry Working Group on Sleep Disorders has reached consensus on the value of physiological measurement tools and biomarkers in the diagnosis of insomnia. Based on this consensus, this paper interprets it in order to provide relevant help for clinical practice and scientific research.
The infection of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) can result in severe consequences, including chronic hepatitis, liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and even liver cancer. Effective antiviral treatment has the potential to slow down the progression of the disease. HBV serum biomarkers play a crucial role in the dynamic management of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. However, the conventional hepatitis B virus markers, such as hepatitis B serologic testing and HBV DNA, are insufficient to meet the clinical requirements. This review provided a comprehensive overview of the current research on the quantification of HBsAg and anti-HBc, HBV RNA and HBV core-associated antigen, which summarized the crucial role these markers play in the administration of antiviral medications, predicting the efficacy of treatment and anticipating the likelihood of virologic rebound following drug cessation, as well as assessing disease progression in CHB patients.
Telomeres play an important role in maintaining genomic stability and cell life. Accumulating studies show that telomeres are closely related to human aging, cardiovascular diseases and cerebrovascular diseases. There are a series of researches about telomeres and atherosclerosis across the world, including studies on the relationship between atherosclerosis, cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular diseases and telomere length, and on telomere-targeted treatments for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Telomeres may be a risk predictor or a new therapeutic target for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. This article reviews the relationship between telomeres and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, introduces the research progress of telomere length and cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, and the possible mechanisms of their association, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for exploring new therapeutic targets for atherosclerosis.
Objective To review the research progress of C terminal propeptide of collagen type II (CTX-II), a osteoarthritis (OA) biomarker. Methods Domestic and international l iterature about CTX-II was reviewed extensively and summarized. Results CTX-II is investigated broadly and has the best performance of all currently available biomarkers. CTX-II is a truly useful biomarker for early diagnosis, prognosis, and measurement of treatment response in OA. Conclusion Single CTX-II may be not sufficient for early diagnosis and prognosis of OA, so a combination of CTX-II and other biomarkers or diagnosis methods is needed.
ObjectiveTo summarize the relationship between microRNAs (miRNAs) and the digestive tract cancer, and to investigate the applicative value of miRNAs in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis evaluation of the digestive tract cancer. MethodsDomestic and international papers focusing on the relationship between miRNAs and the digestive tract cancer were retrieved and reviewed. ResultsmiRNAs participated in cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis through gene regulation. The patients with digestive tract cancer were often accompanied with some abnormal expression of miRNAs in circulation, that was closely related to the occurrence and development of tumor. These miRNAs in blood contributed to not only the diagnosis of tumor, but also identification of the primary tumor site, even the clinical and pathological staging. Thus, we could predict the progress, recurrence, and the metastasis of tumor, or perform the evaluation of therapeutic effects. ConclusionCirculating miRNAs can be used as molecular microsensors for the noninvasive early diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of the digestive tract cancer.