ObjectivesTo compare different formula calculated dosages with the actual doses of warfarin from patients in Beijing Hospital so as to investigate suitable warfarin dosing models for Chinese patients.MethodsOne hundred and three Chinese patients with long-term prescription of warfarin were randomly selected from Beijing Hospital from July 2012 to May 2013. The CYP2C9 and VKROC1 genotypes and basic statistical information were collected. SPSS 18.0 software was used to compare the differences between different formula calculated dosages and the actual dosages of warfarin.ResultsFive genotypes were found in 103 patients, including: CYP2C9 AA genotype + VKORC1 AA genotype (n=72, 69.9%), CYP2C9 AA genotype + VKORC1 AG genotype (n=17, 16.5%), CYP2C9 AC genotype + VKORC1 AA genotype (n=10, 9.7%), CYP2C9 AC genotype + VKORC1 AG genotype (n=3, 2.9%) and CYP2C9 AA genotype + VKORC1 GG genotype (n=1, 1%). Compared with the actual dosages of warfarin, the degree of coincidence was highest for dosages calculated by Jeffrey’s formula.Conclusions Using Jeffrey’s formula to calculate warfarin dosages may be more suitable for Chinese patients with using long-term warfarin. Due to limited sample size, prospective and large sample size studies are required to verify the above conclusion.
Objective To summarize results of the correlation of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) promoter –308A/G polymorphism with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) susceptibility in Chinese populations. Methods We collected all the publications about the correlation between TNF-α promoter –308A/G polymorphism and SLE in Chinese populations by searching PubMed, EBSCO, CBM, CNKI and Wanfang Data before the date of March 20, 2010. Meta-analysis was performed for checking the difference between two groups about genotypes such as AA versus GG, GA versus GG, AA versus GG+GA, GA+AA versus GG, and A allele versus G allele. Results A total of 8 studies involving 731 SLE patients and 901 healthy people were included. The meta-analysis of total populations showed that, there was no significant correlation between A allele and increased SLE risk (OR=1.42, 95%CI 0.97 to 2.09, P=0.07); the meta-analyses of populations in different regions showed there was no significant correlation of A allele and increased SLE risk in Chinese Taiwan populations (OR=1.04, 95%CI 0.77 to 1.40, P=0.82). Moreover, there was no significant difference between SLE group and control group in the genotypes of AA versus GG, GA versus GG, AA versus GG+GA, and GA+AA versus GG.Conclusion This meta-analysis dosen’t demonstrate the correlation between TNF-α promoter–308A/G polymorphism and SLE in Chinese populations.
ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the correlation between type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and T/C polymorphism in 190 locus ofβ3-adrenergic receptor (β3-AR) gene in Chinese population. MethodsThe following databases such as CNKI, VIP, CBM, PubMed, EMbase, the Cochrane Library (Issue 8, 2012) and WanFang Data were searched to collect case-control studies on the correlation between T2DM and T/C polymorphism in 190 locus of β3-AR gene. The retrieval time was from October 1980 to October 2013. Two reviewers independently screened the literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted the data and assessed the quality. Then the meta-analysis was conducted by using RevMan 5.0 and Stata 12.0 software, and the publication bias was analyzed by means of Egger's linear regression. ResultsA total of 11 studies involving 1 602 T2DM patients and 1 773 healthy volunteers were included. The results of meta-analyses showed that, for Chinese population, TC genotype in case group was more than that in control group[OR=1.19, 95%CI (1.01, 1.40), P=0.04]. CC+TC genotype in case group was more than that in control group[OR=1.23, 95%CI (1.05, 1.45), P=0.01]. Allele C in case group was more than that in control group[OR=1.24, 95%CI (1.08, 1.43), P=0.003]. ConclusionsThe allele C in 190 locus of β3-AR gene in Chinese population is significantly associated with T2DM. For the quantity and quality limitation of the included studies, this conclusion has to be further proved by more studies.
Objective To clarify the correlation of p53 codon 72 polymorphism in peripheral blood with keloid susceptibility in Chinese population. Methods All the literatures of case-control research on the correlation between p53 codon 72 polymorphism in peripheral blood and keloid in Chinese population were searched in PubMed, EBSCO, CNKI, CBM, and WanFang Data from their establishment to August 2010. Meta-analyses were performed to detect whether there were differences between the keloid group and the control group about the distribution of genotypes of p53 codon 72 in peripheral blood, such as, Pro/Pro vs. Arg/Arg, Pro/Pro vs. Pro/Arg, and alleles Pro vs. Arg. Results Five studies involving 328 keloid patients and 420 patients in the control group were included. The results of meta-analyses showed that the population having the genotype Pro/Pro presented no increased keloid risk compared to that with the genotypes Arg/Arg (OR=2.17, 95%CI 0.86 to 5.47) or Pro/Arg (OR=1.90, 95%CI 0.92 to 3.93), while the allele Pro showed significant association with increased keloid risk compared to the allele Arg (OR=1.86, 95%CI 1.03 to 3.35). Conclusion The allele Pro of p53 codon 72 in peripheral blood of Chinese population is significantly associated with increased keloid risk.
Objective To systematically evaluate correlation between exon-1 (locus 49, A/G) and promoter (locus -318, C/T) polymorphisms of Chinese population cytotoxic T lymphocytes associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) gene and Graves’ Disease (GD). Methods Relevant studies were electronically searched in CNKI, VIP, CBM, PubMed, EMbase and The Cochrane Library from 1980.1 to 2011.12. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, we selected and screened all case-control studies on the correlation between CTLA-4 exon -1 (locus 49, A/G) and promoter (locus -318, C/T) polymorphisms of Chinese population and GD. Then we extracted the data and assessed the methodological quality of the included studies. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.0 and STATA 12.0 software. Results (1) Ten studies on exon-1 were included. Results of meta-analyses showed that Chinese population with genotype G/G had a higher GD risk than those with genotype A/A (OR=3.38, 95%CI 2.07 to 5.51) and A/G (OR=1.72, 95%CI 1.31 to 2.25). Also, the allele G showed significant association with increased GD risk compared to the allele A (OR=1.87, 95%CI 1.44 to 2.41). (2) Five studies on promoter-318 were included. Results of meta-analyses showed that Chinese population with genotype T/T presented no increased relative risk compared to those with genotype C/C (OR=0.75, 95%CI 0.26 to 2.12) or C/T (OR=0.92, 95%CI 0.31 to 2.73). Meanwhile, the allele T showed no increased relative risk compared to the allele C (OR=0.83, 95%CI 0.61 to 1.12). Conclusion The allele G at the locus 49 of exon -1 of Chinese population is significantly associated with increased GD risks, yet the correlation between promoter –318 C/T polymorphism and GD hasn’t been demonstrated. Due to the limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high-quality studies are needed to test the above conclusion.
Objective To evaluate the relationship between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the adiponectin gene +45 in exon 2 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Chinese population via meta-analysis. Methods Databases including PubMed, Ovid, CBM, VIP, CNKI, and WanFang Data were searched from inception to June 2012, and the references of articles were also retrieved to collect case-control studies about the correlation of SNPs of the adiponectin gene +45 in exon 2 and T2DM in Chinese population. According to the self-designed inclusion and exclusion criteria, two reviewers screened articles, extracted data, and assessed the quality of the included studies independently. Then meta-analysis was performed STATA 11.0, with stability evaluated by both stratified analysis and sensitivity analysis. Moreover, Begg’s funnel plot and Egger’s method were used to assess the published bias of articles. Results 21 articles involving 22 studies were included (3272 T2DM cases and 2597 controls). There were significant differences between the two groups in dominant, recessive and addictive genetic models, and the pooled ORs (95% CI) were 1.36 (1.04, 1.78), 2.07 (1.55, 2.75), and 2.44 (1.59, 3.75), respectively. Conclusion The genetic single nucleotide polymorphisms of the adiponectin +45 in exon 2 is associated with type 2 diabetes in Chinese population. G allele of APM1 is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes, no matter in dominant, recessive or addictive genetic models.
Objective To evaluate diagnostic accuracy of several relevant cut-off points of Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in Chinese middle-aged adults. Methods Databases including PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library (Issue 5, 2016), OVID, CBM, CNKI, VIP, WanFang Data were searched for diagnostic tests about MoCA for MCI from April 9th 2005 to December 31st 2015. Two reviewers independently screened literatures according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted data and assessed the methodological quality by QUADAS-2 tool. Then, meta-analysis was performed by Stata 14.0 software. Results A total of 27 studies involving 5 755 participants were included with mean ages from 60 to 80 years old. Among them, 1 997 were diagnosed as MCI patients by Petersen criteria. Based on maximal area under the ROC curve as well as optimal pooled sensitivity and specificity, the optimal cutoff value of MoCA was 25/26, the pooled sensitivity was 0.96 with 95%CI 0.93 to 0.97, specificity was 0.83 with 95%CI 0.75 to 0.89, and DOR was 107 with 95%CI 61 to 188. The subgroup analysis with different research designs, different sources of study participants and different MoCA versions all indicated 25/26 as an optimal cut-off value. Conclusion The optimal cutoff value of MoCA in Chinese middle-aged adults for screening MCI by Petersen criteria was 25/26.
Objective To systematically evaluate the effectiveness and safety of calcium channel blockers (CCBs) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) used alone v.s. used in combination on the reversion of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in Chinese essential hypertension (EH) patients. Methods The following databases were searched, including, Cochrane Library (Issue 7, 2011), PubMed (1980 to 2011), EMbase (1990 to 2011), CBM (1978 to 2011), CNKI (1994 to 2011), VIP (1989 to 2011), and WanFang Data (1998 to 2011). The studies were screened, and the quality was evaluated according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, and then Meta-analysis was conducted by using RevMan 5.1 software. Results A total of 10 studies involving 859 patients were included. The results of Meta-analysis showed that the CCBs plus ACEIs group (the combination group) was superior to the CCBs group in improving EH patients’ systolic pressure (SBP) (MD= –6.49, 95%CI –10.55 to –2.43), diastolic pressure (DBP) (MD= –4.48, 95%CI –6.76 to –2.21), left ventricular mass index (LVMI) (MD= –5.31, 95%CI –8.43 to –2.19), interventricular septal thickness (IVST) (MD= –1.33, 95%CI –2.00 to –0.66) and left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWT) (MD= –0.87, 95%CI –1.41 to –0.33). In addition, compared with the ACEIs group, the combination group was greatly superior in decreasing LVMI (MD= –11.54, 95%CI –15.06 to –8.01), IVST (MD= –0.76, 95%CI –1.25 to –0.27) and LVPWT (MD= –0.80, 95%CI –1.01 to –0.59). But clinical effectiveness was similar between the combination group and the CCBs group or the ACEIs group in aspects of the left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD), fraction shortening (FS) and ejection fractions (EF) (Pgt;0.05). Conclusion The combination therapy of CCBs with ACEIs is superior to either the CCBs or the ACEIsmonothrepy in regression of left ventricular hypertrophy. Because of the low methodological quality and small sample, this conclusion needs to be proved by more high-quality, large-scale and multicenter randomized controlled trials in the future.
ObjectiveTo evaluate the relationship between tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) gene promoter-308 G/A polymorphism and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) in Chinese population by meta-analysis. MethodsThe casecontrol studies about the correlation between TNF-α gene polymorphism and AS in Chinese population were retrieved from PubMed, EMbase, CNKI, CBM, WanFang Data and VIP database by two researchers. The retrieval time was from their establishment to December, 2015. After the paper screening, data extraction, and assessment of bias risk, the metaanalysis was conducted by Stata 12.0 software. ResultsA total of 11 case-control studies involving 1 154 AS patients and 1 458 controls were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that, for Chinese population, there was no significant association between TNF-α-308 G/A polymorphism and AS susceptibility (A vs. G: OR=0.96, 95% CI 0.63 to 1.47, P=0.86; AA vs. AG: OR=0.97, 95% CI 0.51 to 1.84, P=0.93; AA vs. GG: OR=0.92, 95% CI 0.32 to 2.61, P=0.87; AA+AG vs. GG; OR=1.04, 95% CI 0.60 to 1.80, P=0.89; AA vs. AG+GG: OR=1.03, 95% CI 0.58 to 1.82, P=0.92). ConclusionTo date, it has not found the relationship between TNF-α gene promoter-308 G/A polymorphism and AS in Chinese population. For the quantity and quality limitation of the included studies, the conclusion has to be verified by more large-scale highquality studies.
Objective To evaluate the association between the Thr241Met polymorphism in the XRCC3 gene and the risk of lung cancer in Chinese population by meta-analysis. Methods Databases including PubMed, EMbase, CNKI, VIP and WanFang Data were searched to identify domestic and foreign case-control studies concerning the association between Thr241Met polymorphism in XRCC3 gene and the risk of lung cancer in Chinese population from the inception to August 20th, 2013. Two reviewers independently screened the literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted data and assessed quality. Then meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.0 software and Stata 10.0 software. Results A total of 5 case-control studies involved 2 999 lung cancer cases and 2 994 controls were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that, Chinese population who carry the variant genotype or allele had no increased risk of lung cancer: Met/Met vs. Thr/Thr: OR=1.00, 95%CI (0.38, 2.59), P=0.99; Met/Met vs. Thr/Met: OR=1.06, 95%CI (0.83, 1.36), P=0.63; Met/Met vs. Thr/Met+Thr/Thr: OR=0.99, 95%CI (0.38, 2.57), P=0.98; Thr/Met+Met/Met vs. Thr/Thr: OR=1.06, 95%CI (0.82, 1.37), P=0.65; Met vs. Thr: OR=1.05, 95%CI (0.82, 1.35), P=0.68. Conclusion Currently, Thr241Met polymorphism in the XRCC3 gene is not found to be associated with the risk of lung cancer in Chinese population. Considering the limited quality of the included case-control studies, more high quality studies with large sample size are needed to verify the above conclusion.