ObjectiveTo understand the role of metformin on reducing incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2MD) patients complicated with liver cancer. MethodThe related literatures of metformin treated patients with T2MD complicated with liver cancer at home and abroad in recent years were reviewed. ResultsA large number of epidemiological and clinical data showed that the metformin might prevent the occurrence of the T2MD patients complicated with liver cancer, its mechanism was mainly inhibited the proliferation of hepatoma cells through the ATM-LKB1-AMPK-mTOR pathway, PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, or miRNA. The current controversy was the authenticity of the data, the influencing factors included the aging problem and characteristics of metformin user. The prospective study design rigorous remained to be clarified. ConclusionMetformin could reduce the incidence of T2MD patients complicated with liver cancer, and could inhibit the growth of liver cancer cells, which provides a new way of thinking for the comprehensive treatment of liver cancer.
Objective To evaluate the suitability of the biodegradable microsphere encapsulation of adenovirus as a targeting vector for gene therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods Encapsulate the recombinant adenovirus in PLG 〔poly (lactic/glycolic)〕 copolymer by the solution evaporation method, the release test and the bioactivity of viruses incorporated in vitro were studied. Results More than 19.3% of adenovirus was encapsulated in PLG microspheres. The release test shows that the adenovirus was released for more than 200 h, 50% were shed within the first 100 h, and their activity was retained. Conclusion Recombinant adenovirus can be formulated in a polymer preparation of PLG with retention of bioactivity. It may be a valuable vector for the gene therapy of liver cancer.
Objective To Investigate the indications, surgical technique and perioperative management of orthotopic liver transplantation.Methods Orthotopic liver transplantation was successfully performed on a unresectable liver cancer on caudate lobe, 2 cases with Caroli’s disease and 7 cases with advanced liver cirrohosis. A 11 year’s old girl with Caroli’s disease was performed on one reduced size liver transplantation (RSLT). Results The recovery of liver graft function was good after the operation in those patients without perioperative death. The case of liver cancer died of recurrent cancer on the 139th postoperative day, 1 case died of severe fungus infection and one died of gastric stress ulcer perforation, other 7 cases recovered well without complications. Conclusion The results suggest that unresectable central liver cancer, terminal liver cirrohosis or benign liver diseases combined with severe liver disfunction are good indications for liver transplantation. Good surgical technique and perioperative management are key points to succucess of the liver transplantation.
Objective To probe into the significance of tuftsin in patients with liver cancer. MethodsThe serum tuftsin level of 12 patients with liver cancer before and after the resection，20 cirrhostic and 20 normal controls were measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA). ResultsTuftsin level in preoperative group （449±106） ng/ml was much lower than that in postoperative group (588±129) ng/ml，cirrhotics group (580±187) ng/ml and control group (703±128) ng/ml (P＜0.01). The tuftsin level in postoperative group was also quite lower than that in control group (P＜0.01). Conclusion We should try our best to excise the liver cancer so that a higher tuftsin level might be obtained which can activate NK cell and T cell.
ObjectiveTo study the feasibility of the establishment of transplantated hepatic cancer models in SD rats. MethodsThe male weaning SD rats were inoculated and transgenerated from the celiar transplantation tumor rats (W2562k) by intraperitoneal injection of abdominal fluid of tumor cells, another weaningSD rats were prepared for the models of solid tumor by subcutaneous inoculation of the abdominal fluid of tumor cells. The solid tumors were cut to pieces of 0.2 cm×0.2 cm×0.3 cm,which were implanted into the liver of the adult male SD rats, and the transplantation hepative tumor models were established. After 7 days, the volume and weight of tumor mass was measured. ResultsThe successful rate of model was 100% (82/82), the natural extinctive rate was 0 (0/82), the successful rate of inoculation was 100% (15/15). ConclusionSD rats are economical, the successful rate of model was high, the natural extinctive low, so the SD rats are ideal selection in establishing transplantation liver cancer model.
Objective To investigate the clinical outlook of hepatic stem cells and its relations with liver cancer. Methods The literatures of recent years on the studies of hepatic stem cells were reviewed. Results Liver cancer may consist of cells of various differentiation grades and it may result from the perodifferentiated hepatic stem cells or abnormal differentiated cells. Conclusion The hypothesis of hepatic stem cells has been identified extensively. Further study maybe helpful for revealing the origin, carcinogenesis of hepatic cancer, and may also be useful for the understanding of the mechanism of metastasis.
Objective To investigate the variety of telomerase activity in the course of liver cancer development, and the possibility of using telomerase as a marker of HCC. Methods Human liver specimens, comprising 22 HCC and adjacent peritumoral tissues, 12 liver cirrhosistissues, 6 nodulat regenerative hyperplasia (NRH) tissues and 10 normal liver tissues, were examined for telomerase activity by TRAP assay based on PCR. Results Twenty of 22 HCC and 14 of 22 adjacent tissue specimens were positive for telomerase activity with a positive rate of 90.9% and 63.6% respectively. Ten of 12 liver cirrhosis tissues were positive with a positive rate of 83.3%. 5 of 6 NRH were positive with a positive rate of 83.3%. Telomerase activity was negative in 10 normal liver tissues. Conclusion Telomerase may occur in the progress of hepatocarcinogenesis. Telomerase can be used as a tumor marker of HCC.
Objective To investigate the expression of ATP-binding cassette superfamily G member 2 （ABCG2） in liver cancer cell lines and the relationship between ABCG2 expression and liver cancer drug resistance，and observe the difference of function between the ABCG2 positive cells and negative cells．Methods The expressions of ABCG2 in four liver cancer cell lines （PLC/PRF/5，7402，7701，and 7721） were detected by flow cytometry．IC50 of 5-fluorouracil （5-FU） and adriamycin were calculated．The expression of the ABCG2 in the 7721 cell lines was observed by immunofluorescence staining．The ABCG2 positive and negative cells were selected by the axenic flow sorting method，the difference of function between the ABCG2 positive cells and negative cells was compared．Results The positive expression rate of ABCG2 in the cell line 7721 was highest among four liver cancer cell lines（P＜0.05），and the ABCG2 positive and negative cells had clear bimodal．IC50 of 5-FU and adriamycin to the cell line 7721 were higher than those of the other three cell lines （P＜0.05） except for 5-FU to the cell line 7701．There was no difference in cell proliferation between ABCG2 positive cells and negative cells．Cell cycle analysis showed that the ABCG2 positive cells had more quiescent cells as compared with the negative cells（P＜0.05）．Conclusions ABCG2 expresses in a variety human liver cancer cell lines，ABCG2 positive cells have some stem cell features like drug resistance and more quiescent cells comparing with the negative cells．
【Abstract】ObjectiveTo investigate the perioperative management in hepatectomy using hepatic energy metabolisom for enhancing safety of and improving the survival in patients with primary liver cancer (PLC).MethodsTwo thousands and one hundred fortythree patients with PLC were treated in this hospital from January 1990 to January 2004. The perioperative data, operative approach, postoperative treatment, postoperative clinical course and follow up data were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were divided into two groups: the early period group and the late period group(from January 1997 to January 2004) and comparison was taken between two groups. The preoperative redox tolerance index (RTI), intraoperative hepatopetal blood occlusion of half liver, and postoperative arterial ketone body ratio (AKBR) were investigated and evaluated.Results①The proportion of small PLC and resection rate increased, the morbidity of complications and mortality after hepatectomy decreased, also the survival rate prolonged in the late period group. ②When using RTI as an indicator for selection of hepatectomy, the morbidity of complications decreased from 21.1% to 11.0%, the mortality form 1.6% to 0.3%. ③Comparising hepatopetal blood occlusion of total liver (n=476) with half liver (n=523),the postoperative morbidity of complications and mortality were 25.8% to 11.9% and 2.3% to 0.6% respectively. ④Postoperative AKBR measurements was a reliable indicator to assess the energy status of the liver and liver failure.ConclusionRTI is of potential value in predicting preoperative hepatic functional reserve, hepatopetal blood occlusion of half liver could protect the residual liver function, and postoperative AKBR measuremeant is a simple and accurate means of determining the immediate state of metabolic dysfunctioning in liver resection. The authors propose that perioperative treatment is an important factor in decreasing operative complications and mortality rate after liver resection.
【Abstract】ObjectiveTo construct the eukaryotic expressing plasmid of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosisinducing ligand（TRAIL），and study its inhibitory effect on hepatic tumor which implanted subcutaneously in nude BALB/c mice.MethodsTotal RNA of U937 cell was extracted, and its extracellular domain (114-281aa) was amplified by RTPCR, then signal peptide was ligated. The recombinant secreting plasmid for TRAIL was constructed successfully which was confirmed by enzyme cleavage identification and sequencing identification. Liver cancer cell (strain No.7402) was implanted subcutaneously in 32 nude BALB/c mice. These mice were randomly divided into two groups: study group and control group. The mice in study group received muscular injection of plasmids for transfection, and the mice in control group received the injection of normal saline at the same time. The size of implanted tumors were measured continuously till the day of sacrificing, tumor cell apoptosis effect was examined by TUNEL method. ResultsIn study group，tumor volume was smaller than that in control group and the bluepurple apoptosis cells were observed under microscope. ConclusionTRAIL plasmid can induce apoptosis of liver cancer cell and can inhibit the growth of liver tumor.