ObjectiveTo analyze the trend of chronic kidney disease (CKD) disease burden attributable to metabolic factors in China from 1990 to 2021, and to predict the death of CKD due to metabolic factors in China from 2022 to 2046. MethodsBased on the 2021 Global Burden of Disease Database, this paper collected and sorted out the CKD deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), premature death lost life years (YLLs), and disability life lost years (YLDs) attributed to metabolic factors by different ages and sexes in China from 1990 to 2021, and used the Joinpoint regression model to systematically evaluate the temporal trends of standardized mortality and standardized DALYs rate. The age-period-cohort (APC) model was used to assess age, period, and cohort effects, and the R software Nordpred package was used to predict future changes in the burden of disease. ResultsCompared with 1990, the mortality rate, DALYs rate, YLLs rate, and YLDs rate attributable to metabolic factors of Chinese residents in 2021 showed an upward trend, and the characteristics of male higher than female, higher age group than lower age group. The primary metabolic factor influencing the disease burden of CKD is hyperglycemia. The results of Joinpoint analysis showed a downward trend in the standardized mortality and standardized DALYs rate of CKD attributed to metabolic factors. The results of age-period-cohort model analysis showed that the age effect of CKD attributed to metabolic factors increased significantly, the period effect increased slowly, and the cohort effect showed a downward trend. ConclusionThe disease burden of CKD attributed to metabolic factors in China is generally on the rise, and men, the elderly, and diabetic patients are the key focus of the disease.