Objective To review the research advances of the seed cells , the scaffolds and the tissue fabrication of tissue engineering bone. Methods The literature concerned culturing human bone marrow cells, reshaping cuttlebones, and fabricating bone tissues was reviewed extensively. Results Osteoblasts from human bone marrow were successfully induced and differentiated; the cuttlebones were reshaped in cuttlebone hydroxyapatite for the first time; and some tissue engineering bones, such as the osteoblasts/CHA500R, osteoblasts/cuttlebone hydroxyapatite and osteoblasts/PBH were fabricated. Conclusion These tissue einineering bones construced by marrow-derived osteoblasts and CHA500R, cuttlebone hydroxyapatite or PBH are hopeful to be applied clinically.
Objective To review researches of treatment of peripheral nerve injury with neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) regarding mechanism, parameters, and cl inical appl ication at home and abroad. Methods The latest original l iterature concerning treatment of peri pheral nerve injury with NMES was extensively reviewed. Results NMES should be used under individual parameters and proper mode of stimulation at early stage of injury. It could promote nerve regeneration and prevent muscle atrophy. Conclusion NMES plays an important role in cl inical appl ication of treating peripheral nerve injury, and implantable stimulation will be the future.
Objective To investigate the relationship between the level of serum-insulin like growth factor-1( IGF-1) and the nut ritional status of cancerous cachexia. Methods Colon cancer CT-26 cells were implanted subcutaneously to 30 liver2specified IGF-1 gene deleted (L ID) C57BL/ 6 mice to establish cancerous cachexia model and theother 30 C57BL/ 6 mice were included as cont rol group. The serum levels of IGF-1 , cytokine TNF-αand IL-6 , bloodglucose , albumin and t riglyceride were detected respectively on day 14 , 18 and 22 af ter the plantation of tumor. Thebody weight of mice , tumor weight and the weight af ter tumor removed in two group s were measured respectively.Results Af ter the plantation , the levels of IGF-1 in L ID group at different times were all significantly lower thanthose in cont rol group ( Plt; 0. 05) . The serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6 , blood glucose and t riglyceride were ascendinggradually over time ( Plt; 0. 05) , but weight s af ter tumor removed and the level of albumin were descending in twogroup s ( Plt; 0. 05) . Compared with the cont rol group , the serum levels of IL-6 , TNF-α, blood glucose and t riglyceride in L ID tumor-bearing mice were all significantly higher at different time point s ( P lt; 0. 05) . On day 18 and 22 ,the weight s af ter tumor removed and the amount of ingestion in L ID group were significantly lower than those in thecont rol group ( Plt; 0. 05) . Conclusion Compared with the low level of IGF-1 in cancerous cachexia , normal level ofserum IGF-1 may represent lower degree of cancerous cachexia2related cytokines and better nut ritional state , whichmay provide a novel idea of the therapy of cancerous cachexia.
Medical ethic and publication ethic was more and more and important with the development of trial registration and systematic review registration promoted by the World Health Organization and the Cochrane Collaboration. Chinese Trial Registration and Publication Collaboration (ChiCTRPC) published the first statement to implement trial registration in China. We suggested that trial registration should be combined with ethic review and described the new definition of publication ethic in the second meeting by ChiCTRPC in 2010. In the the third meeting of ChiCTRPC in 2011, Experts from many fields communicated adequately and reached consensus. We summarized the experiences and lessons in the 5 years after the first statement of ChiCTRPC was published. Based on the latest progress of research ethic, publication ethic, trial registration, and systematic review registration, we drafted this explanation document for the second statement of ChiCTRPC to realize good research practice (RGP), good publication practice (GPP), and good translation practice (GTP) by implementing research ethic and publication ethic.
Objective To carry out a comprehensive and objective evaluation of viscosupplementation, so as to provide the actual judgments of effectiveness, development trends, and direction. Methods The related l iterature was reviewed, and the keys were the assessments from the international relevant advisory bodies and insurance companies and the evidence-based medicine on cl inic. Results Viscosupplementation has been gradually accepted. Although there are many different cl inical views of the viscosupplementation in the molecular weight of hyaluronan, injection dose, and the indications, intra-articular injection of hyaluronan for the treatment of osteoarthritis is well accepted. ConclusionViscosupplementation is one of the methods of treating osteoarthritis. As it has been already verified that hyaluronan iseffective in treating osteoarthritis of the knee and the periarthritis of shoulder, the hip joint injection is gradually recognized,and other small joints are going gradually.
Objective To introduce the effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in the treatment of chronic tissue lesions. Methods The latest research papers concerning the relevant subject were reviewed and analyzed. Results In PRP, the platelets and cytokines, the interaction of them in the same proportion as they were in the body fluid, played promoting role in repairing the chronic damage of tissues. However, there was still way to go before PRP was appl ied for cl inical use in a widerrange. Conclusion PRP has quite a bright outlook in the treatment of chronic tissue lesions.
Objective To investigate the research advances of the peripheral nerve allograft.Methods The recent articles on peripheral nerve allograft were reviewed extensively. The treatments of allograft and host were analyzed. Results The immunogenicity of allograft was relieved by the physical,chemical or biological treatments; the immunosuppressive therapy makes the rejection relieved and the regeneration of axon accelerated. Conclusion The effect of peripheral nerve allograft is inferior to autograft. If the immunologic tolerance are inducedsuccessfully, the problem shall be solved.
ObjectiveIn this study, we aimed to investigate the medical postgraduates’ attitudes on scientific misconduct activities to provide support to scientific research integrity education.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional survey in 3 medical schools in Sichuan province in September 2020. Medical postgraduates were investigated to report the sociodemographic information and self-attitude on research activities.ResultsOf the 983 students completed, 73.14% were pursuing the master program and 27.9% had published SCI papers. For attitudes on scientific misconduct activities, 0.93% agreed to change negative results picture into positive by software and 5.08% consented to modify data when P value was above 0.05 slightly.ConclusionsThe results of this study show that a small portion of medical postgraduates are still not resolute on academic misconduct. We should further strengthen education and establish the bottom line thinking which cannot be touched by the academic misconduct of medical postgraduates.
To review the latest development of amniotic fluid-derived stem cell(AFS) and to predict its future appl ication. Methods The recent articles about AFS were extensively reviewed. The origin, culture, identification, and directional differentiation as well as future appl ication of AFS were summarized and discussed. Results In 1993, AFS were thought to be exist possibly, and it was confirmed in recent years. AFS have some surface markers l ike other stem cells, and has multi-differentiated potential and extensive future appl ication in cell therapy and tissue engineering approaches. Conclusion As a new stem cell, AFS remains to be further researched.
Object ive To summar ize recent advance in the appl icat ion and research of ar t i f icial chordae tendineae. Methods The cl inical and experimental research l iterature was extensively reviewed and analyzed. Results The follow-up results showed that artificial chordae tendineae replacement was superior to other operation methods in valve repair. But, it was compl icated and difficult-to-learn. In recent years with the development of many surgical skills and new techniques, good cl inical results were achieved. Conclusion With the development of surgical equi pment, chordae material, and implanting skills, artificial chordae tendineae implanting will be easier and the scope of appl ication will be larger.