Objective To review the research progress of graphene and its derivatives in repair of peripheral nerve defect. Methods The related literature of graphene and its derivatives in repair of peripheral nerve defect in recent years was extensively reviewed. Results It is confirmed by in vitro and in vivo experiments that graphene and its derivatives can promote cell adhesion, proliferation, differentiation and neurite growth effectively. They have good electrical conductivity, excellent mechanical properties, larger specific surface area, and other advantages when compared with traditional materials. The three-dimensional scaffold can improve the effect of nerve repair. Conclusion The metabolic pathways and long-term reaction of graphene and its derivatives in the body are unclear. How to regulate their biodegradation and explain the electric coupling reaction mechanism between cells and materials also need to be further explored.
ObjectivesTo systematically review the efficacy and safety of tranexamic acid (TXA) in reducing blood transfusion and total blood loss in patients undergoing orthopaedic trauma surgery.MethodsA systematic literature search was performed using PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, WanFang Data and VIP databases. A search for grey literature was also performed in American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) and Orthopaedic Trauma Association (OTA). The search time was up to June 2018. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed risk of bias, then meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.3 and Stata 14.0 softwares.ResultsA total of 10 studies were included, including 936 patients. The pooled results indicated that TXA group was superior to the control group in blood transfusion (RR=0.75, 95%CI 0.63 to 0.89, P=0.001), the total blood loss (MD=–157.61, 95%CI –250.09 to –65.13, P=0.000 8) and the wound complications (RR=0.24, 95%CI 0.10 to 0.58, P=0.002). There was no significant difference in risk of thromboembolic events (RR=1.25, 95%CI 0.78 to 2.00, P=0.36) and the mortality (RR=0.81, 95%CI 0.40 to 1.66, P=0.57) between TXA and control group.ConclusionsTXA can effectively reduce blood transfusion, total blood loss and wound complications in patients undergoing orthopedic trauma surgery. Furthermore, TXA does not significantly increase the incidence of thromboembolic events and mortality. Due to the limited quality of included studies, more high quality studies are required to verify the above conclusions.
Objective To analyze the application research of prehabilitation in patients with lumbar degenerative spine surgery, and to review the intervention content, outcome index, and applied effect of prehabilitation of lumbar spine surgery patients, to provide references for the future clinical development of related research. Methods Guided by the methodology of scope review, systematic searches were conducted on China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, VIP, China Biomedical Literature Database, PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases from the establishment of the database to June 2024, and the included literature was screened, refined and summarized. Results A total of 21 papers were included, including 15 randomized controlled trials, 5 quasi-experimental studies, and 1 retrospective study. The main components of prehabilitation included exercise, preoperative psychological support, nutritional interventions, and multiform health education; and the main outcome indicators included pain, assessment of low back function, sleep quality, anxiety and depression, and healthy quality of life.Conclusion Preoperative prehabilitation has a positive effect on patients undergoing surgery for lumbar degenerative disease, and the existing studies are heterogeneous in terms of content and outcome indicators, and the follow-up should continue to construct a more scientific and multimodal intervention program and carry out large-scale high-quality studies.