Objective To study the effectiveness, safety and tolerance of testosterone undecanoate （TU） in improving exhaustion and quality of life （QOL） of the elderly male patients with chronic disease in advanced stage. Methods Using a simple randomized controlled trial design, eighty patients were randomized into two groups. The treatment group took routine therapy and TU and the control group with routine therapy alone. Results 1. Baseline characteristics in both groups were similar. 2. The PADAM grade decreased, and the QOL scale increased in the treatment group （P〈0.05 ）. 3. Serum total testosterone in the treatment group rose, upper arm circumference and right hand grip improved （P〈0.05 ）. 4. There were no significant differences in adverse effects between both groups. Conclusions TU can improve the clinical health status in the elderly male patients with chronic disease in advanced stage and increase serum testosterone level, there is a satisfactory tolerances and few adverse reactions.
①关于药物引起的卵巢抑制:1篇系统评价发现,使用卵巢抑制药治疗子宫内膜异位症与安慰剂或达那唑相比,妊娠率无明显差异.该评价还发现,卵巢抑制药引起的不良反应包括体重增加、潮热和骨质疏松症,达那唑可能引起剂量相关的体重增加和雄激素样作用. ②宫腔内人工授精+促性腺激素:1个RCT发现,宫腔内人工授精+促性腺激素治疗与不治疗相比,可明显提高活产率.第2个RCT发现,期待疗法与宫腔内人工授精+垂体降调节+促性腺激素治疗后的分娩率无明显差异.第3个RCT发现,宫腔内人工授精+促性腺激素治疗与单用宫腔内人工授精相比,仅明显提高妊娠率. ③体外受精:我们没有找到关于子宫内膜异位症引起不孕妇女接受受精体外治疗的RCT. ④手术治疗:两个比较腹腔镜手术与诊断性腹腔镜的RCT发现,在妊娠率和活产率方面结论不一.
Objective To investigate effectiveness of the modified edge resection technique for composite labia minora and clitoral hood reduction with preserved microstructures. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 36 female patients, who were diagnosed with composite hypertrophy of the labia minora and clitoral hood and admitted between September 2022 and December 2024. The patients’ ages ranged from 18 to 45 years (mean, 27.4 years). The primary surgical motivations included poor appearance alone (8 cases), functional impairment alone (14 cases), both poor appearance and functional impairment (12 cases), and psychological factors (2 cases). All patients were treated with the modified edge resection technique for composite labiaminora and clitoral hood reduction with preserved microstructures. The surgical technique emphasized precise adjustments to the clitoral-labial junction and optimization of the anterior labial structure to ensure a natural postoperative appearance and functional integrity. Postoperative follow-up assessed improvements in appearance and function of clitoral hood and labia minora, complications, and overall patient satisfaction. Results One patient exhibited suboptimal wound healing, while the remaining patients experienced no complications such as postoperative bleeding, hematoma, wound dehiscence, suture cutting, or labial edema and enlargement. Thirty patients were followed up with a duration of 1-6 months (mean, 2.4 months). In the early postoperative period, 2 patients perceived asymmetry of the bilateral labia minora; 1 underwent labial revision surgery, while the other achieved near-symmetry without intervention. At last follow-up, 25 patients experienced varying degrees of relief from preoperative functional impairments, while the remaining patients showed no improvement; 27 patients reported varying degrees of improvement in appearance, 2 reported no change, and 1 reported a worse appearance compared to preoperatively. Sixteen patients were very satisfied with the surgical results, 8 were satisfied, 5 were moderate satisfied, and 1 was dissatisfied, with a satisfaction rate of 80% (24/30). Conclusion The modified edge resection technique for composite labia minora and clitoral hood reduction with preserved microstructures which preserves and optimizes fine anatomical structures through precise adjustments at the clitoral-labial junction, achieves high patient satisfaction with both aesthetic and functional outcomes while minimizing postoperative complications.
ObjectiveTo perform a meta-analysis on the positive rate of hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody among pregnant females in China from 2008 to 2018, so as to provide scientific references for the prevention and treatment of HCV infection among pregnant females.MethodsDatabases including PubMed, Web of Science, SinoMed, CNKI, VIP, and WanFang Data were electronically searched to collect observational studies on the positive rate of HCV antibody among pregnant females in China from January, 2008 to December, 2018. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and evaluated risk of bias of included studies. Meta-analysis was then performed using Stata 15.0 software.ResultsA total of 108 studies involving 657 765 individuals were included. Results of meta-analysis showed that the overall positive rate of HCV antibody among pregnant females in Chinese was 0.235% (95%CI 0.189% to 0.286%). Subgroup analysis showed that the positive rate of HCV antibody among pregnant females in western China to be the highest 0.291% (95%CI 0.221% to 0.378%), the northeast China to be 0.240% (95%CI 0.099% to 0.442%), the central China to be 0.235% (95%CI 0.016% to 0.319%), and the east China to be the lowest 0.193 % (95%CI 0.119% to 0.281%). The HCV antibody positive rate of pregnant females from hospital was 0.291% (95%CI 0.221% to 0.372%) and was higher than that from AIDS surveillance site which was 0.164% (95%CI 0.122% to 0.207%).ConclusionsThe prevalence of HCV antibody among pregnant females maintains at a low level in China.
Microsurgical varicocelectomy (MVC) is the current gold standard for the treatment of varicocele. Studies have shown that MVC can bring certain clinical benefits to patients with varicocele and male infertility. In today’s era of assisted reproduction, MVC is clinical used usually to improve ART outcomes before treatment with assisted reproductive technology (ART). This article summarizes the efficacy evaluation and cost-effectiveness of MVC combined with ART. Although there is a lack of prospective evidence supporting MVC before ART, many large retrospective studies have shown that operating MVC before using ART may improve ART outcomes. However, large-scale and standardized clinical trials are still needed to further verify the effectiveness and feasibility of MVC before ART.
Objective To systematically review the prevalence of osteoporosis (OP) in Chinese postmenopausal females. Methods The CNKI, VIP, CBM, WanFang Data, PubMed, EMbase and The Cochrane Library databases were electronically searched to collect studies on the prevalence of OP in Chinese postmenopausal females from inception to March 17th, 2022. Two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted data and evaluated the risk of bias of the included studies. Meta-analysis was then performed using Stata 14.0 software. Results A total of 54 studies involving 96 391 cases and 41 651 confirmed OP patients were included. The meta-analysis results showed that the prevalence of OP in Chinese postmenopausal females was 38.8% (95%CI 34.1% to 43.5%). Subgroup analysis showed that the prevalence of OP was 31.7% (95%CI 16.6% to 48.6%) in females who had been menopausal for less than 5 years, 47.4% (95%CI 32.2% to 62.5%) for 5-9 years, 52.7% (95%CI 37.1% to 68.3%) for 10-14 years, 77.5% (95%CI 69.5% to 85.4%) for 15-19 years, and 78.3% (95%CI 56.3% to 100.0%) for more than 20 years. The rate was 16.2% (95%CI 28.8% to 37.2%) in under 50 years age group, 28.8% (95%CI 34.4% to 47.9%) for 50- years group, 41.1% (95%CI 34.4% to 47.9%) for 60- years group, 55.3% (95%CI 45.8% to 64.8%) for 70- years group, 82.0% (95%CI 76.1% to 87.9%) for 80- years group. The prevalence in different regions was between 31.0% and 43.5%, which was lowest in the northeast (31.0%, 95%CI 26.3% to 51.4%) and highest in the northwest (43.5%, 95%CI 22.3% to 64.7%). According to the year of publication, the rate was 43.9% (95%CI 15.7% to 72.0%) from 1997 to 2009 and 38.2% (95%CI 33.8% to 42.5%) from 2010 to 2021. The prevalence of OP was 24.9% (95%CI 20.5% to 29.3%) in postmenopausal females with no birth or 1 birth, and 45.0% (95%CI 37.0% to 53.0%) in females with 2 or more births. Conclusion The prevalence of OP in Chinese postmenopausal females is relatively high. Due to the limited quantity and quality of the included studies, more high-quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusion.
Objective To analyze stress-related disorders and the effect of crisis prevention in 54 females admitted to the Female Psychiatry Department of The Third Hospital of Mianyang City after the Wenchuan earthquake. Methods The patients were assessed with BPRS, HAMD, HAMA, and BPMS scales. According to their clinical manifestations, antipsychiatric, antidepressive, anxiolytic, and antimanic treatment were administered to them. All patients received cognitive-behavior and psychological therapy and were assessed after one month. Results Although all patients were earthquake sufferers, their clinical manifestations varied. Strengthened crisis prevention combined with appropriate drug treatment alleviated their symptoms. Conclusion In terms of alleviating symptoms, curtailing disease course, and facilitating mental rehabilitation, post-catastrophe crisis prevention is extremely important for female patients with stress-related disorders.
Objective To explore the key influencing factors of HIV risk behavior among male who have sex with male (MSM). Methods 36 MSM subjects in a community were recruited for HIV risk behavior characteristics, social environment and the attitude of exposure of high risk sexual intercourse, using behavior scales and qualitative research methods. The collected data were orderly input and analyzed using Nvivo 8.0 software. Then, after three-level transcription, the data were further summarized and extracted based on the method of the grouding theory. Results The HIV Risk Assessment Questionnaire score of 36 subjects was 8.08±2.46, of whom, 72% scored at a medium level (5 to 10 scores) and 19% scored at a high level (more than 10 scores). The social support rating scale (SSRS) score was 32.38±5.99 in MSM population, lower than in undergraduates and floating population. The results of qualitative analysis showed that, after open coding, 11 key message and 4 categories contributed to HIV risk in MSM populaiton, including: a) low levels of fear for AIDS; b) male role and uncertain sexual orientation; c) low degree social support; and d) poor availability of condom in the setting of sexual intercourse. Conclusion The interventions against AIDS/HIV for MSM need to be further studied. Besides, we should strengthen the community intervention mode based on fear for AIDS, social support, and condom distribution methods
ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical significance of Q-angle measuring under different conditions in female recurrent patellar dislocation female patients. MethodsBetween August 2012 and March 2013, 10 female patients (11 knees) with recurrent patellar dislocation were collected as trial group; 20 female patients (20 knees) with simple meniscus injury were collected as control group at the same time. Q-angle was measured in extension, 30° flexion, 30° flexion with manual correction, and surgical correction in the trial group, and only in extension and 30° flexion in the control group. Then the difference value of Q-angle between extension and 30° flexion (Q-angle in extension subtracts Q-angle in 30 flexion) were calculated. Independent sample t-test was used to analyze Q-angle degrees in extension, 30° flexion, and the changed degrees of 2 groups. The Q-angle between manual correction and surgical correction of the trial group was analyzed by paired t-test. ResultsThe Q-angle in extension, Q-angle in 30° flexion, and difference value of Q-angle between extension and 30° flexion were (17.2±3.6), (14.3±3.0), and (2.9±1.9)° in the trial group and were (15.2±3.4), (14.4±3.5), and (0.8±1.7)° in the control group. No significant difference was found in Q-angle of extension or Q-angle of 30° flexion between 2 groups (P>0.05), but the difference value of Q-angle between extension and 30° flexion in the trial group was significantly larger than that in the control group (t=3.253, P=0.003). The Q-angle in 30° flexion with manual correction and surgical correction in the trial group was (19.8±3.4)° and (18.9±3.8)° respectively, showing no significant difference (t=2.193, P=0.053). ConclusionWhen a female patient's Q-angle in 30° flexion knee changes obviously compared with Q-angle in extension position, recurrent patellar dislocation should be considered. For female patients with recurrent patellar dislocation, the preoperative Q-angle in 30° flexion with manual correction should be measured, which can help increasing the accuracy of evaluation whether rearrangement should be performed.