ObjectiveTo analyze the disease burden and evolving trends for gastric cancer in China and worldwide from 1990 to 2021. MethodsBased on the 2021 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database, we analyzed the burden of gastric cancer using indicators such as incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), years of life lost (YLLs), and years lost due to disability (YLDs). Joinpoint regression analysis was used to calculate the average annual percentage change (AAPC) of these indicators to show trends over time. ResultsIn 2021, the standardized incidence rate of gastric cancer was 14.33 (per 100 000) worldwide and 29.05 (per 100 000) in China, with corresponding standardized mortality rates of 11.20 (per 100 000) and 21.51 (per 100 000). The standardized incidence rate of gastric cancer in China trended downward during 1990–2021 (AAPC=–1.61%, P<0.05), but was lower than the global decline (AAPC=–1.77%, P<0.05). During 1990-2021 in China, the rates of standardized DALYs (AAPC=–2.76%, P<0.05), standardized YLLs (AAPC=–2.78%, P<0.05) and standardized YLDs (AAPC= –1.25%, P<0.05) all showed a significant decrease. The global rates of standardized DALYs (AAPC=–2.42%, P<0.05), standardized YLLs (AAPC=–2.44%, P<0.05) and standardized YLDs (AAPC=–1.56%, P<0.05) all showed a significant decrease. These AAPC values above indicated a general attenuation in the gastric cancer burden across all age groups, both in China and worldwide. ConclusionsDespite these signs of a decline in disease burden indicators for gastric cancer in China and worldwide, the number of cases and deaths in gastric cancer remains substantial coupled with the heavy burden on the healthcare system. Therefore, increased efforts in early detection and prevention strategies are of utmost importance to further reduce the impact of this malignant disease.
ObjectiveTo systematically analyze the temporal trends of pancreatic cancer burden in globally and China from 1990 to 2021 using the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD 2021) database and predict disease burden changes over the next 15 years. MethodsThe data of the incidence, death, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and age-standardized rate data of pancreatic cancer in GBD 2021 were extracted to analyze the epidemic status. Joinpoint regression models were employed to calculate average annual percentage changes (AAPC) and identify trend transitions. An auto-regressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model was utilized to predict disease burden from 2022 to 2036. ResultsIn 2021, the global age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), mortality rate (ASMR), and DALYs rate (ASDR) for pancreatic cancer were 5.96 (per 100 ,000), 5.95 (per 100 000), and 130.33 (per 100 000). Corresponding rates in China were 5.64 (per 100 000), 5.72 (per 100 000), and 137.23 (per 100 000). From 1990 to 2021, the average annual growth rate of ASIR (AAPC=0.72%), ASMR (AAPC=0.56%) and ASDR (AAPC=0.36%) were significantly higher than the global rate (ASIR: AAPC=0.27%; ASMR: AAPC=0.16%; ASDR: AAPC=0.02%). Age-specific analysis shows that the crude incidence, mortality, and DALY rates for the population aged ≥60 years in China (AAPC=0.37%–1.55%) were all increasing at a higher rate than the same age group globally (AAPC=–0.02%–0.77%). Sex differences were significant, with greater disease burden in men than in women. ARIMA model predicted that Chinese and global ASIR and ASMR will continue to rise by 2036, with persistently steeper increases in males than females. ConclusionThe disease burden of pancreatic cancer in China is growing faster than that of the world, so early screening and prevention of pancreatic cancer should be strengthened.