Objective To summarize the experience of epidemic prevention in order to offer the first-hand data for reconstruction after the earthquake and epidemic control and prevention in the active seismic zone. Method We collected and analyzed the data of epidemic control and prevention and summarized their strengths and weaknesses. Results Of the 13 counties in Aba Prefecture, 12 were affl icted with 2 worst-hit counties and 5 worse-hit disaster areas. A total of 20 233 people were dead and 7 873 people were missing. Health system was severely damaged. Aba Center of Disease Control and Prevention started the contingency plan and sent 4 epidemic prevention teams to the disaster areas. With the combination of local materials and external aids, the epidemic prevention network of county, township and village was established. (1) Environment cleaning and el imination: up to August 27, 2008, 2 591 group times of teams involving 88 298 person times and 5 294 set times of vehicles were allocated. Disinfection area covered 18 181.3 m2 including 14 132 dumps, 33 271 cesspits and 154 391 breeding grounds of mosquitoes, fl ies and mice. (2) Critical supervision for the safety of drinking water and food: up to June 20, 21 central ized and 1 032 dispersed water supply sources were restored. We monitored 829 drinking water samples, among which 594 were qual ified with the qual ified rate of 66.59%. (3) A total of 86 396 people were resettled in 17 temporary sites. (4) Wild dogs were killed in Kala-azar epidemic areas. Mosquitoes, flies and mice were supervised once a week. (5) Disease supervision: A total of 762 cases in 15 legal infectious diseases were found within 90 days after the earthquake, and no death was found. No outbreak of infectious epidemic situations and burst publ ic health events was reported. A total of 57 157 Hepatitis A vaccinations were inoculated in the children aged from 18 months to 12 years old and 16 268 in children aged from 13 to 16 years old, medical staff, mil itary personnel and first-l ine workers. A total of 4 435 Japanese encephal itis vaccinations were inoculated in people in Xiaojin county. On June 15, routine inoculation cl inic recovered and on July 1, expansive inoculation was started on schedule. Conclusion Phased victory is gained in epidemic control and prevention in Aba Prefecture, although it is only a latter-wit. It is suggested that a long-term system of the earthquake disaster as well as human and environmental protection should be reconsidered through the first-hand data of anti-epidemic measures of the Wenchuan earthquake.
ObjectiveTo analyze the epidemic characteristics of the notifiable infectious diseases in West China Hospital of Sichuan University, so as to guide the prevention, control and treatment of notifiable infectious diseases in the hospital and other medical institutions. MethodsDescriptive analysis was used to make statistics and analysis on the data of notifiable infectious diseases in West China Hospital of Sichuan University from 2015 to 2020, and the reporting situation, disease classification and transmission route were summarized. ResultsA total of 21 382 cases of notifiable infectious diseases with 32 types were reported. There was no class A infectious disease reported. There were 16 305 cases (76.26%) of class B infectious diseases and 5 077 cases (23.74%) of class C infectious diseases. The top 5 infectious diseases were pulmonary tuberculosis, influenza, syphilis, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (including human immunodeficiency virus infection), and viral hepatitis type B. From the trend of the infectious disease reporting, the number of notifiable infectious diseases showed an upward trend from 2015 to 2020. ConclusionsThe report of notifiable infectious diseases in West China Hospital of Sichuan University from 2015 to 2020 mainly focuses on class B infectious diseases and class C infectious diseases. In the future, the prevention and control of infectious diseases should focus on respiratory infectious diseases, blood borne and sexually transmitted infectious diseases.
Objective To learn and evaluate the effect of health education of schistosomiasis in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, so as to provide scientific basis for establishing the comprehensive prevention and control model in potential epidemic area of schistosomiasis. Methods Through adopting the multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method, the questionnaires were distributed to residents selected randomly from the demonstration, inside and outside control areas. The survey data were input with EpiData 3.0 software by two reviewers, and the differences among groups were analyzed by using SPSS 18.0 software to further evaluate the effect of health education of schistosomiasis. Results All the questionnaires distributed to 1 420 residents were retrieved (100%). The results of analysis showed that for the residents in the demonstration area, the average score of being aware of schistosomiasis prevention was (7.51±2.89), which was markedly higher than those in the inside (2.52±2.97) and the outside (3.13±3.51) control areas, with significant differences (Plt;0.05); and the passing rates were 78.15%, which was also obviously higher than those in the inside (17.26%) and the outside control areas (32.16%), with significant differences (Plt;0.05). Conclusion The health education of schistosomiasis can improve residents’ knowledge about schistosomiasis prevention, and it is very important to prevent and control the potential prevalence of schistosomiasis in the Three Gorges Area.
Taking the actual situation of the undergraduate medical education in West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University as the real-world reference, combining with literature review, this article analyzes the internal strengths and weaknesses, as well as the external opportunities and threats of the novel teaching system in medical education which combines the online-merge-offline (OMO) approach with inquiry-small class model, and provides deep insights into the opportunities and challenges of the teaching system after matching the influential factors based on the SWOT-CLPV matrix model. Based on these analyses, this article discusses the application of the teaching system combining the OMO approach with inquiry-small class model in medical education in the post-epidemic era, so as to provide a reference and guidance for further popularizing the teaching model and enhancing the quality of medical education to a new level.
Objective To analyze the prevalence and influencing factors of dyslipidemia among permanent residents in Longquanyi district of Chengdu for prevention and control of dyslipidemia. Methods Permanent residents in Longquanyi district were selected as research objects by convenient sampling method between November 2021 and February 2022. The dyslipidemia rate in the population was analyzed, and the influencing factors of dyslipidemia were analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Results A total of 11 408 permanent residents were included. Among them, 3650 people had dyslipidemia, with a prevalence rate of 32.00% (3650/11408). The prevalence rates of high total cholesterol, high triglyceride, high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were 19.30% (2 202/11 408), 13.38% (1 526/11 408), 5.05% (576/11 408) and 0.73% (83/11 408), respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that female, age≥30 years old, drinking, overweight / obesity, hypertension, diabetes and hyperuricemia were independent risk factors of dyslipidemia among permanent residents (P<0.05). Conclusions The prevalence of dyslipidemia in Longquanyi district is high, mainly with high total cholesterol and high triglyceride. Gender, age, drinking, body mass index, and the levels of blood pressure, blood glucose and blood uric acid are the factors affecting the incidence of dyslipidemia among permanent residents. Early intervention for high-risk groups with dyslipidemia should be adopted to effectively reduce the risk and burden of dyslipidemia.
Objective To analyze the report status of the pulmonary tuberculosis in the elderly people aged ≥ 65 years old. Methods The reported data of senile pulmonary tuberculosis and the whole population pulmonary tuberculosis at West China Hospital of Sichuan University between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2022 were retrospective selection. Descriptive methods were used to analyze the different characteristics and etiology of senile pulmonary tuberculosis. Results A total of 2 182 senile pulmonary tuberculosis were reported. The report was mainly positive reports of etiology [1091 cases (50.00%)], and the component ratio increased year by year (χ2=49.986, P<0.001). The proportion of senile pulmonary tuberculosis in the whole population pulmonary tuberculosis increased from 17.62% in 2012 to 29.04% in 2022, and the difference between different years was statistically significant (χ2=40.261, P<0.001). In the reported patients, the male to female ratio was 2.30∶1. There were 7 cases of rifampicin resistant, 1 091 cases of etiology positivity, 674 cases of etiology negativity, and 410 cases of no etiology results. The number of reported cases in the age group of 65-74 was higher than that in the age group of 75 and above. The seasonal distribution was not obvious (concentration<0.3). The patients were mainly from other cities of the province [919 cases (42.12%)], and the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (including the Tuberculosis Ward) was reported the most [1439 cases (65.95%)]. The majority of occupations were retired individuals [952 cases (43.63%)]. Conclusions From 2012 to 2022, the prevention and treatment of senile pulmonary tuberculosis has achieved some results, but the overall burden is still very heavy. The detection of senile pulmonary tuberculosis should be strengthened.
ObjectiveTo analyze and compare the incidence, mortality, temporal trends, and cancer spectrum differences between China and the United States (US), providing theoretical support for cancer prevention and control in China. MethodsAge standardized incidence rate (ASIR), age standardized mortality rate (ASMR), and cancer site composition were extracted from GLOBOCAN, Cancer Statistics 2025, the China Cancer Registry Annual Report, and other epidemiological sources. Spatial (urban-rural, sex specific) and temporal distributions were described, and average annual growth rate (AAGR) were calculated. ResultsFrom 2005 onward, China exhibited a modest rise in ASIR, whereas the US showed a decline (AAGR: 0.58 vs –0.42); nevertheless, China’s overall incidence remained lower (2022 ASIR = 201.61/100 000) than that of the US (303.60/100 000). Both countries experienced decreasing ASMR (AAGR: –1.03 vs –1.72). In both nations, male ASIR and ASMR were higher than female. Since 2005, the top three US cancers had remained prostate (men) or breast (women), lung and colorectal cancer. In China, incidences of lung, colorectal, female breast and thyroid cancers had continued to rise, while stomach and liver cancer incidences had declined yet still rank high among men. Urban ASIR in China exceeded rural rates, whereas rural ASMR was higher than urban counterparts. ConclusionsAccelerating population ageing and lifestyle transitions have driven an upward incidence trend in China, accompanied by a shift towards a mixed pattern of traditional and emerging cancer risks. Drawing on US experience, China should intensify tobacco control measures, expand organized screening and early detection programs, implement comprehensive interventions for priority cancers, strengthen primary level capacity and improve treatment access in rural areas, thereby establishing a more effective national cancer prevention and control system.
In the Spring Festival of 2020, China waged an unexpected battle against coronavirus disease 2019. Within the scope of constructing smart hospitals, it has become a brand-new subject concerning how the construction can facilitate the scientific prevention and control of the epidemic. According to the development direction, basing on the concept of “patient-centered” medical services, and combining with the construction ideas of traditional medical information products and emerging technologies, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, as the first government-leading “demonstration hospital for 5G application”, was fully dedicated to promoting the mode of contactless diagnosis and treatment and providing smart medical information service, thereby setting up a “scientific and technological firewall against the epidemic”.
Objective To describe the design and application of an emergency response mobile phone-based information system for infectious disease reporting. Methods Software engineering and business modeling were used to design and develope the emergency response mobile phone-based information system for infectious disease reporting. Results Seven days after the initiation of the reporting system, the reporting rate in the earthquake zone reached the level of the same period in 2007, using the mobile phone-based information system. Surveillance of the weekly report on morbidity in the earthquake zone after the initiation of the mobile phone reporting system showed the same trend as the previous three years. Conclusion The emergency response mobile phone-based information system for infectious disease reporting was an effective solution to transmit urgently needed reports and manage communicable disease surveillance information. This assured the consistency of disease surveillance and facilitated sensitive, accurate, and timely disease surveillance. It is an important backup for the internet-based direct reporting system for communicable disease.
Objective To learn the impact of health education on schistosomiasis among high school students in Wanzhou area of Three Gorges Reservoir, and to evaluate its effects. Methods The stratified multi-level cluster randomized sampling was used to survey 566 high school students in Wanzhou and Yunyang areas, and the questionnaire was used to investigate their recognition of schistosomiasis. Results After one-year health education on schistosomiasis, the passing rate of the knowledge about schistosomiasis prevention among high school students in demonstration area raised from 9.43% to 98.87% (χ2=463.46, P=0.000), which was higher than that of the inside and outside control areas (χ2=312.92, P=0.000); the passing rate of the attitude and belief of schistosomiasis prevention were 98.12%, which was higher than that of the inside and outside control areas (χ2=109.49, P=0.000); 56.02% of high school students in demonstration area had no susceptible behavior of schistosomiasis, which was higher than that of the inside and outside control areas (χ2=237.53, P=0.000). Conclusion Health education on schistosomiasis can efficiently improve the awareness of schistosomiasis prevention among high school students, and has important meanings for controlling potential epidemics and spread of schistosomiasis in Wanzhou area of Three Gorges Reservoir.